Psyllium seed gum

Psyllium Seed Gum. PsyUium seed gum [8036-16-9] is derived from plants of the genus Plantago several species of which are used as commercial sources. However, most current production is from Plantago ovata grown in India. The gum is located in the coat which is removed by cracking. The gum is then extracted with boiling water and separated from the insoluble residue by filtration. It consists of mixtures of both neutral and acidic polysaccharides, the composition of which is species dependent (66). 

As predictable from the similarity of the properties of the two gums, quince seed gum is used in the appHcations described above for psyllium seed gum. Specific appHcations are in cosmetics and hair-setting lotions. It has also been used as an emulsifier and stabilizer in pharmaceutical preparations. 

The purified gum hydrates slowly in water to give viscous solutions at concentrations up to 1% and clear gelatinous masses at higher concentrations. Psyllium seed gum is a laxative additive and is used in cosmetics and in hair-setting lotions. 

Mattha AG. Rheological studies on Plantago albicans Psyllium) seed gum dispersions II effect of some pharmaceutical additives. Pharm Acta Helv 1977 52 214-217. 

Although most seeds contain starch as the principal food reserve, many contain other polysaccharides and some have industrial utility. The first seed gums used commercially were quince, psyUium, flax, and locust bean gum. However, only locust bean gum is stiU used, particularly in food appHcations quince and psyllium gums are only used in specialized appHcations. 

Pectin, ground psyllium seed husks, karaya gum, tragacanth gum, and agar have also been used, but are not well accepted today. The use of many of these hydrocolloids in frozen confections singly and in combination, is covered by patents too numerous to list. 

Seed extracts Guar gum Locust bean gum Psyllium seed Quince seed... 

Does Citrus Pectin Bind Bile Salts A possible mechanism by which dietary pectin may cause lowering of cholesterol levels in rats has been reported (1 9). In these in vitro studies, pectin was found to inhibit the transport of taurocholic acid from everted sacs of rat intestine. The absorption of labelled cholesterol was depressed by the addition of 5% pectin to the diet as evidenced by increased excretion of labelled cholesterol and diminished cholesterol deposition in the liver. It was concluded from these studies that pectin lowers cholesterol levels in cholesterol-fed rats primarily by binding bile salts and, consequently, by impairing cholesterol absorption. Results similar to those obtained with dietary pectin and described have also been reported for other non-nutritive substances such as guar gum, psyllium seed colloid and seruglucan (20). 

BeMiller, J.N. 1973. Quince seed, psyllium seed, flax seed and okra gums. In Industrial Gumes (R.L. Whistler and J.N. BeMiller, eds), 2nd Ed. Academic Press, New York. 

Ershoff (14, 16) tested the effects of a vast array of fibers on toxicity of 5 sodium cyclamate. In male rats the most complete protection was afforded by 10 gum Karaya, 10 blond psyllium seed or husk, 20 alfalfa meal and 20 carrot root powder. The most effective substance in female rats was alfalfa meal fed as 15 or 20 of the diet (Table IV). 

Psyllium gum (gum psyllium) can be extracted from psyllium seed husks (hulls) [93]. The husks themselves are incorporated into products sold to prevent constipation and to a few food products as a source of dietary fiber. The gum is extracted when water or milk is added to these products. 

BeMiller IN, Whistler RL, Barkalow DG, Chen CC (1993) Aloe, chia, flaxseed, okra, psyllium seed, quince seed, and tamarind gums. In Reference 13, p 227... 

Other dietary interventions or diet supplements may be useful in certain patients with lipid disorders. Increased intake of soluble fiber in the form of oat bran, pectins, certain gums, and psyllium products can result in useful adj unctive reductions in total and LDL cholesterol, but these dietary alterations or supplements should not be substimted for more active forms of treatment. Total daily fiber intake should be about 20 to 30 g/day, with about 25%, or 6 g/day, being soluble fiber. Studies with psyllium seed in doses of 10 to 15 g/day show reductions in total and LDL cholesterol ranging from about 5% to 20% They have little or no effect on HDL cholesterol or triglyceride concentrations. These products also may be useful in managing constipation associated with the bile acid sequestrants. Psyllium binds cholesterol in the gut but also reduces hepatic production and clearance. Fish... 

Carboxy) cellulose derivatives Carboxy carob gum derivatives Psyllium-seed mucilage (Plantago)... 

Plantago Seed, Psyllium seed flea seed. Seed from Plantago psyllium L. or P. arenaria Waldst.. Kit. (P. ramosa Asch.) (Spanish or French psyllium seed) Or of P. ovata Forsk. (blond or Indian plantago seed), Plantagirta-ceae. Review BeMiller in Industrial Gums. R. L. Whistler, Ed. (Academic Press, New York, 2nd ed., 1973) pp 345-354. 

The cotyledon co-product is processed, dried, and sold as a dietary fiber in competition with other sources such as a-cellulose, psyllium seed, guar gum, locust bean gum, pectin, and wheat, corn, and oat brans. Manufacturer s specifications for a domestic product include 75% (mfb) dietary fiber (65% noncellulosic polysaccharides and 10% cellulosic), 12% moisture, 0.2% fat, and 4.5% (as is) ash. 

Synonyms Psyllium gum Psyllium husks Psyllium powd. Psyllium seed husks... 

The world herilth organization estimalcs that 80% of the world population are today giving more importance to natural medicine in primary health care control. Natural substances like psyllium seeds, aloe vera, oats, guar gum, chitosan and alginate are found to be useful in treating heart disease, wound infection control, pain relief, asthma treatment and other health related problems. Major pharmaceutical companies are currently... 

Bemiller, J.N. Quince seed, psyllium seed, flaxseed and okra gums. Industrial Gums. 2nd ed. Whistler, R.L. and Bemiller, J.N., Eds. Academic Rress New York, NY, 1973 pp 331- 337. 

Mucilages—Presently, these substances are usually classified under gums, since they have many of the same properties. Formerly, mucilages were considered to be the plant polysaccharides which readily formed sticky, slimy (muci-lagenous) solutions in water. Two of the most familiar examples of these substances are those that may be extracted from flax seeds and psyllium seeds. Various products made from these seeds nave long been used as laxatives. It is noteworthy that ladies used to set their hair in curls or waves with a solution obtained by steeping flax seeds in hot water. 

Soothing of gastrointestinal irritation—Mucilagenous types of fiber, such as the water-dispersible gums present in psyllium seed, okra, carob, and quince seed, coat and soothe irritated areas, particularly mucous surfaces. 

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