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Hypotension propofol

Propofol 1-2 mg/kg Approximately N/A (typically Hypotension, respiratory Requires mechanical... [Pg.466]

Pentobarbital is commonly loaded at a dose of 10 to 15 mg/kg over 1 to 2 hours, followed by a continuous infusion of 0.5 to 4 mg/kg per hour. Therapy can be tapered off after 12 to 24 hours of seizure control as evident on the EEG.35 One metaanalysis reported a lower incidence of treatment failure with pentobarbital (3%) when compared to midazolam (21%) or propofol (20%), although the risk of hypotension requiring vasopressor therapy was higher when pentobarbital was used.36 This relative efficacy for pentobarbital must be considered... [Pg.469]

A metaanalysis showed that among patients refractory to GCSE, pentobarbital had a 92% response rate, compared to midazolam (80%) and propofol (73%). Breakthrough seizures were least common with pentobarbital (12%, compared with propofol [15%] and midazolam [51%]). Hypotension was more common with midazolam and propofol. [Pg.657]

Anesthesia induction with propofol causes a significant reduction in blood pressure that is proportional to the severity of cardiovascular disease or the volume status of the patient, or both. However, even in healthy patients a significant reduction in systolic and mean arterial blood pressure occurs. The reduction in pressure appears to be associated with vasodilation and myocardial depression. Although propofol decreases systemic vascular resistance, reflex tachycardia is not observed. This is in contrast to the actions of thiopental. The heart rate stabilization produced by propofol relative to other agents is likely the result of either resetting or inhibiting the baroreflex, thus reducing the tachy-cardic response to hypotension. [Pg.297]

In healthy patients, propofol produces a greater reduction in systemic blood pressure than equivalent doses of barbiturates. This hypotension is a consequence of both direct and indirect effects, namely, direct myocardial depression. [Pg.85]

Propofol Rapid onset and rapid recovery Used in induction and for maintenance can cause hypotension has useful antiemetic action... [Pg.539]

Etomidate is a carboxylated imidazole that can be used for induction of anesthesia in patients with limited cardiovascular reserve. Its major advantage over other intravenous anesthetics is that it causes minimal cardiovascular and respiratory depression. Etomidate produces a rapid loss of consciousness, with minimal hypotension even in elderly patients with poor cardiovascular reserve. The heart rate is usually unchanged, and the incidence of apnea is low. The drug has no analgesic effects, and coadministration of opioid analgesics is required to decrease cardiac responses during tracheal intubation and to lessen spontaneous muscle movements. Following an induction dose, initial recovery from etomidate is less rapid (< 10 minutes) compared with recovery from propofol. [Pg.553]

Propofol infusion syndrome is a syndrome of cardiac failure (bradycardia, hypotension, low cardiac output), metabolic acidosis, and rhabdomyolysis, first described in children receiving high-dose propofol infusions for more than 48 hours. [Pg.639]

Three fatal cases of propofol infusion syndrome in adults have been reported (953) a 27-year-old woman who developed a metabolic acidosis, hypotension, and bradycardia ... [Pg.639]

Two men, aged 7 and 17 years, presented with refractory status epilepticus. Both were treated with high-dose propofol infusions to achieve burst suppression on the electroencephalogram. During the second day of propofol infusion there was progressive severe lactic acidosis, hypoxia, pyrexia, and rhabdomyolysis, followed by hypotension, bradydysrhythmias, and renal dysfunction, leading to death. The total doses of propofol were 1275 mg/ kg over 2.7 days and 482 mg/kg over 2 days. [Pg.640]

Propofol has a remarkably simple structure resembling that of phenol disinfectants. Because the substance is water-insoluble, an injectable emulsion is prepared by means of soy oil, phosphatide, and glycerol. The effect has a rapid onset and decays quickly, being experienced by the patient as fairly pleasant. The intensity of the effect can be well controlled during prolonged administration. Possible adverse reactions include hypotension and respiratory depression, and a potentially fatal syndrome of bronchospasm, hypotension, and erythema. [Pg.218]

INTRAVENOUS ANAESTHETICS (e.g. thiopentone sodium, propofol) BETA-BLOCKERS Risk of severe hypotensive episodes during induction of anaesthesia (including patients taking timolol eye drops) Most intravenous anaesthetic agents are myocardial depressants and vasodilators, and additive 1 BP may occur Monitor BP closely, especially during induction of anaesthesia... [Pg.495]

Benzodiazepines can be used to control agitation. Avoid phenothiazines due to possible hypotension. Animals may need to be heavily sedated so they do not injure themselves or others. Control seizures with a benzodiazepine, pheno-barbital, or propofol. Rhabdomyolysis can occur if agitation or seizures are not controlled. [Pg.731]

Patients with fixed cardiac output, e.g. with aorhc stenosis or constrictive pericarditis, are at special risk from reduced cardiac output with drugs that depress the myocardium and vasomotor centre, for they cannot compensate. Induction with propofol or thiopental is particularly liable to cause hypotension in these patients. Hypoxia is obviously harmful. Skilled technique rather than choice of drugs on pharmacological grounds is the important factor. [Pg.363]

Current concepts of resuscitation after local anesthetic cardiotoxicity have been reviewed (17). Vasopressin may be a logical vasopressor in the setting of hypotension, rather than adrenaline, in view of the dysrhythmogenic potential of the latter. Amiodarone is probably of use in the treatment of dysrhythmias. Calcium channel blockers, phenytoin, and bretyllium should be avoided. In terms of new modes of therapy targeted at the specific action of local anesthetics, lipid infusions, propofol, and insulin/ glucose/potassium infusions may all have a role, but further research is necessary. [Pg.2118]

Propofol is a cardiodepressant and resets the baroreflex set-point, with a tendency to bradycardia (which occurs in some 5% of cases), hypotension (16%), or both (1.3%) (8). The hypotension may be brought about by peripheral vasodilatation, reduced myocardial contractility, and inhibition of sympathetic nervous system outflow (9). Four deaths due to cardiovascular collapse during induction have been reported in patients aged 78-92 years given propofol 1.1-1.8 mg/kg (10). The patients were of ASA classes 3 or 4. [Pg.2946]

The hemodjmamic effects of combining ephedrine with propofol in an effort to prevent hypotension and bradycardia have been investigated in 40 elderly patients of ASA grades III and IV, who received ephedrine 15, 20, or 25 mg added to propofol 200 mg (15). The hypotensive response to propofol was effectively prevented, but marked tachycardia in the majority of patients meant that the technique may not be beneficial, given the high incidence of ischemic heart disease in this age group. [Pg.2946]

Soon after the introduction of propofol in 1989, clusters of infections related to its use were reported, and there have since been several reports (77,78). The complications include hypotension, tachycardia, septic shock, convulsions, and death. Ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid (EDTA) was added to the formulation to retard microbial growth. However, there have been concerns over the effects of this additive on trace element homeostasis, particularly when it is used in intensive care units for long-term sedation. Five randomized controlled trials have been reviewed, and minimal or no effects have been found on zinc, magnesium, or calcium homeostasis. However, there is no evidence to suggest that cluster infection has been or will be reduced with this formulation and there is still a need for care with sterility when using this product. [Pg.2951]

Cardiovascular effects of propofol in dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy. Anesthesiology 88 180-189 Parry B W, Anderson G A 1983 Influence of acepromazine maleate on the equine haematocrit. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 6 121-126 Parry B W, Anderson G A, Gay C C 1982 Hypotension in the horse induced by acepromazine maleate. Australian Veterinary Journal 59 148-152 Pascoe P J, Black W D, Claxton J M et al 1991 The... [Pg.306]

Thiopental and propofol are the two most commonly used parenteral agents. Thiopental has a long-established track record of safety. Propofol is advantageous for procedures where rapid return to a preoperative mental status is desirable. Etomidate usually is reserved for patients at risk for hypotension and/or myocardial ischemia. Ketamine is best suited for patients with asthma or for children undergoing short, painful procedures. [Pg.226]

Alexander HE Jr, McCarty K, Giffen MB. Hypotension and cardiopulmonary arrest associated with concurrent haloperidol and propofol therapy. JAMA. 1984 252 87-88. [Pg.206]

Propofol Propofol produces anesthesia at a rate similar to that of the intravenous barbiturates, and recovery is more rapid. Propofol has antiemetic actions, and recovery is not delayed after prolonged infusion. The drug is commonly used as a component of balanced anesthesia and as an anesthetic in outpatient surgery. Propofol may cause marked hypotension during induction of anesthesia, primarily through decreased peripheral resistance. Total body clearance of propofol is greater than hepatic blood flow, suggesting that its elimination includes other mechanisms in addition to metabolism by liver enzymes. [Pg.233]

A) Emesis is more likely to occur with propofol than with other agents Hypotension is the major limitation to the use of ketamine... [Pg.572]

A. Additive effect with other CNS depressants that may result in lower propofol dosage requirements if given concomitantly. Through its inhibition of cytochrome P-450, propofol may increase levels of midazolam, diazepam, and other opiates such as sufentanyl and alfentanyl, causing respiratory depression, bradycardia, and hypotension. [Pg.495]

Tricyclic antidepressants may increase the risk of arrhythmias and hypotension during anaesthesia. Tachyarrhythmias have been seen in patients taking imipramine who were given halothane and pancuronium. Some very limited evidence su ests that amitriptyline may increase the likelihood of enflurane-induced seizure activity. A man taking maprotiline and lithium developed a tonic-clonic seizure when given propofol. Tricyclics may cause an increase in the duration of barbiturate anaesthesia and lower doses of barbiturates may be required. [Pg.106]

In a retrospective study of 32 patients who had been given intravenous levetiracetam for status epilepticus, there was arterial hypotension after intravenous levetiracetam in four patients during co administration of propofol and during rapid infusion of phenytoin in one patient [210 ]. There... [Pg.150]


See other pages where Hypotension propofol is mentioned: [Pg.469]    [Pg.296]    [Pg.640]    [Pg.421]    [Pg.2123]    [Pg.2339]    [Pg.2948]    [Pg.2949]    [Pg.288]    [Pg.296]    [Pg.94]    [Pg.201]    [Pg.291]    [Pg.277]    [Pg.1232]    [Pg.222]    [Pg.270]    [Pg.270]    [Pg.271]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.271 ]




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