Intensive care units

Propofol (Diprivan) is used for induction and maintenance of anesthesia. It also may be used for sedation during diagnostic procedures and procedures that use a local anestiietic. This drug also is used for continuous sedation of intubated or respiratory-controlled patients in intensive care units. 

Dantrolene should be repeated after 5—8 hr. Bicarbonate, procaine amide, and other drugs should be repeated as needed. Treatment of disseminated intravascular coagulation is symptomatic. Early diagnosis and treatment ofMH is essential. After effective treatment, the patient should be watched closely in the intensive care unit for recurrence of MH, myoglobinuric renal failure, disseminated intravascular coagulation, muscle weakness, and electrolyte imbalance. 

Tobias JD Tolerance, withdrawal, and physical dependency after long-term sedation and analgesia of children in the pediatric intensive care unit. Crit Care Med 28 2122-2132, 2000... 

Rordorf G, Koroshetz W, Efird JT, Cramer SC. Predictors of mortality in stroke patients admitted to an intensive care unit. Crit Care Med 2000 28(5) 1301-1305. 

Diringer MN, Reaven NL, Funk SE, Uman GC. Elevated body temperature independently contributes to increased length of stay in neurological intensive care unit patients. Crit Care Med 2004 32(7) 1489-1495. 

Garcia-Morales EJ, Cariappa R, Parvin CA. Osmole gap in neurosurgical-neurosurgical intensive care unit its normal value, calculation, and relationship with mannitol serum concentrations. Crit Care Med 2004 32(4) 986-991. 

Johnston AJ, Gupta AK. Advanced monitoring in the neurology intensive care unit microdialysis. Curr Opin Crit Care 2002 8(2) 121-127. 

Campbell, P.B., Bull, M.J., Ellis, F.D., Bryson, C.Q., Lemons, J.A. and Schreiner, R.C. (1983). Incidence of retinopathy of prematurity in a tertiary newborn intensive care unit. Arch. Ophthalmol. 101, 1686-1688. 

Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism in the Intensive Care Unit Patient... 

Table 4.6 Confusion Assessment Method for the Diagnosis of Delirium in Intensive Care Unit Patients" ...

Consider discontinuing prophylaxis when the patient is discharged from the intensive care unit or if risk factors abate... 

Common Causes of Fever in Intensive Care Unit Patients... 

Must know common prevalent organisms and resistance patterns in your institution and intensive care unit... 

ASA, aspirin BP, blood pressure Hb, hemoglobin Hct, hematocrit ICP, intracranial pressure ICU, intensive care unit INR, International Normalized Ratio SAH, subarachnoid hemorrhage t-PA, tissue plasminogen activator. 

Is the patient hemodynamically stable If not, admit to the intensive care unit for ongoing treatment and monitoring. A PA catheter (or CVP catheter) should be inserted by trained medical personnel. Monitor PAOP to a goal pressure of 14 to 18 mm Hg and minimum cardiac index of 2.2 L/minute per square meter (alternatively CVP 8 to 15 cm H20). 

In patients hospitalized because of asthma, patient-initiated (on-demand) therapy may result in decreased nebulized doses, decreased adverse effects, and shorter hospital stays than ther-apy given regularly at 4-hour intervals.20 In patients admitted to the intensive care unit and placed on mechanical ventilation, P2-agonists can be delivered via an MDI or nebulization through the ventilatory circuit. 

The patient has been transferred from the CT scanner to the surgical intensive care unit for mechanical ventilation, blood pressure support, and surgical evaluation. A diagnosis of acute pancreatitis with pancreatic necrosis is made. 

Tonelli M, Manns B, Feller-Kopman D. Acute renal failure in the intensive care unit a systematic review of the impact of dialytic modality on mortality and renal recovery. Am J Kidney Dis 2002 40 875-885. 

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