Propanediol microbial production

Microbial Production of (/ )-3-Chloro-1,2-Propanediol from Prochiral 1,3-Dichloro-2-Propanol... 

In this article, recent progress in the microbial production of 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PD) is reviewed. This special case is used to illustrate the promise and some of the critical constraints of biological processes as compared to the chemical processes. General trends and research needs in the utiHzation of renewable resources are briefly discussed. 

Nakamura, C. and Whited, G., Metabolic engineering for the microbial production of 1,3 propanediol. Curr Opin... 

Biebl H, Menzel K, Zeng AP (1999) Microbial production of 1,3-propanediol. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 52 289-297... 

Saxena, R.K., Anand, P, Saran, S., and Jasmine, I. (2009) Microbial production of 13-propanediol Recent developments and emerging opportunities. Biotechnol. Adv., 27, 895-913. 

TABLE 11.1 Typical Results of Microbial Production of 1,3-Propanediol Using Different Bacteria Species... 

Liu HJ, Zhang DJ, Xu YH, Mu Y, Sun YQ, Xiu ZL. (2007). Microbial production of 1,3-propanediol from glycerol by Klebsiella pneumoniae under micro-aerobic conditions up to a pilot scale. Biotechnol Lett, 29, 1281-1285. 

Mu Y, Xiu ZL, Zhang DJ. (2008). A combined bioprocess of biodiesel production by lipase with microbial production of 1,3-propanediol by Klebsiella pneumoniae. Biochem Eng J, 40, 537-541. 

Microbial Production of 1,3-Propanediol 1,3-Propanediol is a useful monomer for the production of various polyesters, but its use has been hampered by the fact that its production uses an expensive process and starts with a petroleum feedstock. Using genetic engineering, a microbe was developed that biocatalytically generates 1,3-propanediol from glucose that is derived fl om cornstarch, a renewable... 

W., and Xiu, Z.L. (2006) Microbial production of 1, 3-propanediol by Kleb-siella pneumoniae using crude glycerol from biodiesel preparations. Biotechnol Lett., 28 (21), 1755-1759. 

The study of microbial production of 1,3-propanediol has an interesting history (reviewed by Biebl et al. 1999). It is one of the oldest fermentation products known and has been studied for over 100 years. For a number of years, interest in the fermentation was due to its potential as an outlet for surplus glycerol. Glycerol can be made via a chemical process, or it can be derived from various agricultural fats during the production of fatty acids and soaps. Increased availability of low-cost glycerol might be expected in the future, as it is a by-product of such processes as transesterification of fats for biodiesel production as well as the process for ethanol production by yeast. 

The industrial focus on 1,3-propanediol has sparked interest in the microbial production of 1,2-propanediol. Some work has focused on the fermentation process of 1,2-propanediol as well as the metabolic engineering of pathways for its production. In early work with C. thermosaccharolyticum, various process conditions were examined such as temperature, pH, gas phase composition, and substrate concentration. This work was conducted in a volume of 2 1. The maximum cell concentration achieved was in the range of 1.0-1.3 g/1. The temperature range examined was 50-65 °C, and the optimal temperature for production was 60 °C. At higher temperatures, lactate decreased and ethanol increased. The pH range studied was from 6.0 to 7.2. At the optimal pH of 6.0, a concentration of 5.6 g/1 of 1,2-PD was obtained. Other fermentation conditions were examined such as... 

Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation US patent 6,087,140 2000 Microbial production of 1,2-propanediol from sugar... 

Diaz-Torres M, Dunn-Coleman NS, Chase MW, Trimbur D (2000) Method for the recombinant production of 1,3-propanediol. US Patent 6136576 Dtirre P (1998) New insights and novel developments in clostridial acetone/ butanol/isopropanol fermentation. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 49 639-648 Diirre P, Bahl H (1996) Microbial production of acetone/butanol/isopropanol. In Roehr M (ed) Products of primary metabolism, vol 6, 2nd edn. VCH, Weinheim, pp 229—268... 

Chloramphenicol [20 CAP D-(—)-ft reo-l-(p-nitrophenyl)-2-(dichloroacetamido)-l,3-propanediol] is an important antibiotic due to its broad activity against a number of clinically relevant microbial pathogens and its ability to penetrate easily the blood-brain barrier. Besides human application, CAP became widely and routinely used in veterinary practice and is used in Europe in most animal productions including fish128. 

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