Profits product contribution

Here, marginal costs are lower than marginal revenues, so a profit is being made, but the level of contribution is not enough to maintain fixed assets and to leave sufficient profit to make the business worthwhile. This can be sustained for the short-term only, unless the enterprise is in some way contributing to the success of a more profitable product. 

The other form of capital fetishism takes shape as an illusion that constant and variable capital are equally productive of profit, whereas in reality only the variable capital generates a surplus. Since profit accrues equally to constant and variable capital, it appears to be created equally by both. Appears to whom To the capitalist, certainly, since to him all the factors of production "contribute equally to the formation of the cost-price"/ Marx no doubt was correct in imputing this view to the capitalist, but wrong in thinking that the view is incorrect. The premise that only living labour contributes to the surplus is unteruible (3.2.3). In another... 

During the competitive sixties, many of the products which are now beginning to come out of the laboratories will make today s products obsolete. While much chemical Market Research activity appears to be devoted to the analysis of potential markets for new products, little effort seems directed towards the study of the obsolescence of one s own products. Much is heard of the many wonderful products that will become part of the American way of life in the sixties, but little is heard of the products which will be relegated to the junk heap as a consequence and whose present profitability is contributing to their own obsolescence by underwriting research. This is a sort of success story suicide situation for the soaring sixties. 

First order fit between the activity and strategic theme. In the activity map, activity costing fits the notion of measuring contribution on different pieces of the business. Its application is as an internal control to evaluate product and customer profitability. Product R D is another example of first-order fit. The Product R D activity supports the Technical Leadership theme. 

But the most profound contribution made by MDS Nordion has been humanitarian. Over the years its products have significantly improved the medical profession s ability to diagnose and treat a variety of diseases. The invention of cobalt-60 beam therapy equipment - and then its economical production for distribution around the world - made available a form of therapy that has saved countless lives and eased the suffering of millions of cancer patients. The contribution to health care made by its industrial irradiators receives far less publicity, but has saved untold numbers from exposure to disease. In the radioisotope business, MDS Nordion had only one really profitable product - cobalt-60 - for over twenty years. Yet it continued to provide other isotopes to hospitals and research institutions to further their work. The pay-off came in the late 1960s. Since then, nuclear medicine has made huge breakthroughs in its capacity to produce images... 

Bond SA is planning to manufacture a new product with an initial sales forecast of 3,600 units in the first year at a selling price of 800 each. The finance department has calculated that the variable cost for each truck will be 300. The fixed costs for the manufacturing facility for the year are 1,500,000. Using the information provided by the sales forecast and the finance department it is now possible to calculate the planned profit, the contribution and the break-even point for this venture by leveraging the nature of fixed and variable costs. 

Postponement may reduce overall profits for a firm if a single product contributes the majority of the demand because the increased manufacturing expense due to postponement outweighs the small benefit that aggregation provides in this case for the dominant product... 

Static and Flexible Budgets Overhead cost can significantly affect the profitability of a projec t and is the only cost outside the control of the project manager. The project is expected to contribute a definite amount toward the expenses of the company and will be charged this amount even if the production rate is zero. This is the fixecTcomponent of the overhead cost and will include directly allocable costs such as depreciation and a proportion of general costs such as office salaries and heating. 

Equation (9-234) illustrates the enormous influence that go-slow tactics can have on the profitability of companies and processes which have low contribution efficiencies, since a slowdown has little effect on Aee- B L sometimes the case that in different countries productivity per worker varies considerably in similar industries. When poor productivity is not the result of technical or capital inadequacy, it should be possible to increase profitability without a proportionate increase in Aee-... 

Much of the material presented in this book is based on the direct experience of the authors. This would not have been possible without the hard work and input of our colleagues, students and post-doctoral fellows. We sincerely want to acknowledge each of them for their good research and contributions without which we would not have been able to treat such a broad range of subjects. Some of them read chapters or helped in other ways. We also owe thanks to the chemometrics community and at the same time we have to offer apologies. We have had the opportunity of collaborating with many colleagues and we have profited from the research and publications of many others. Their ideas and work have made this book possible and necessary. The size of the book shows that they have been very productive. Even so, we have cited only a fraction of the literature and we have not included the more sophisticated work. Our wish was to consolidate and therefore to explain those methods that have become more or less accepted, also to... 

Applications Applications of IC extend beyond the measurement of anions and cations that initially contributed to the success of the technique. Polar organic and inorganic species can also be measured. Ion chromatography can profitably be used for the analysis of ionic degradation products. For example, IC permits determination of the elemental composition of additives in polymers from the products of pyrolysis or oxidative thermal degradation. The lower detection limit for additives in polymers are 0.1% by PyGC... 

R D. Returning to our examples, The R D lab, contributes to the long term profitability of the firm (rather than the short term cash flow) by developing and perfecting products and processes. While controlling the costs of R D as a whole is important, the speed at which a specific analytical test can be completed is less important than the speed and success at which a project as a whole can be completed. This relates to the effectiveness of the lab at its overall mission. The ability of a R D lab to quickly and successfully develop products and/or processes and if necessary to protect them through patent actions, may ultimately impact the firm s market share and its profitability. 

Balanced growth has to be equal to a multiple of A (the ratio of investment to profits), e (the new per capita share of surplus value) and cr (the productivity of investment). In Chapters 5 and 6, two main arguments are made about the contribution of this model to political economy. 

Keep in mind that many people from a variety of disciplines must be involved in making a process work and developing a successful product. The life cycle of most products includes basic research, applied research, development, scaleup, quality control, cost and profit evaluations, market research, market development, sales, and technical service to make a product grow and mature. Every person involved in this project must know something about the rest of the cycle, in addition to contributing a specific expertise to the cycle. 

Cost-effective HFCS production is critically dependent on the profit contribution of... 

---