PROFESSIONAL USER RISKS

V Professional user risks resulting from direct exposure during product use and including occupational exposures not occurring in industrial facilities (e.g., outdoor or underground applications). 

In the European Union, a very comprehensive initiative with the aim to improve the protection of human health and the environment from the hazards of chemicals, and to enhance the competitiveness of the EU s chemical industry, is under way. It is referred to as REACIT, which stands for Registration, Evaluation, Authorization, and Restriction of Chemicals. REACFf places greater responsibility on industry to manage the risk of chemicals and provide appropriate safety information to professional users and, as far as the most hazardous substances, to consumers. New substances need to be registered before they are placed on the market. REACH came in force on June 1, 2007, with a phased implementation over the next decade. There is no doubt that it will affect the UV/EB industry. 

Any exposure octa-BDE [306] follows current EU risk reduction TGD guidelines [485] Supply of correct PPE or provide training when selling product unless selling to a certified or licensed professional user The provision does not include sale of the product in pellet form... 

Sufficient reduction of risks to professional users from handling MTBE would be considered achievable through the development and review of recommendation equivalents. Targets would however be necessary to reduce overall environmental burdens particularly from accidental spills. 

Titles of potential resourees were obtained by eonducting a literature search and an industry survey. Simultaneous literature searches were condueted by CCPS and SAIC. CCPS eoneentrated on obtaining CPI data resources while SAIC used a literature search conducted for the nuclear power reliability eommunity. These literature searches used in-house eompany, engineering, and public libraries and recommendations from members of the user eommunity. At the same time, a questionnaire was sent to professionals who eonduct CPQRAs. The survey requested information on the data resourees used by the companies and whether they had plant-speeific data that could be used by CCPS. Members of the CCPS Equipment Reliability Data Subcommittee were also asked to eompile lists of data resources with which they were familiar and which they had used for reliability or risk analyses. As a result, an extensive but not necessarily eomplete list of data resource titles was assembled. Any resources uncovered after the publisher s eutoff date and not reviewed have been included in Appendix D. 

The significance of the exposure levels shown in the Levels of Significant Exposure (LSE) tables and figures may differ depending on the user s perspective. Public health officials and others concerned with appropriate actions to take at hazardous waste sites may want information on levels of exposure associated with more subtle effects in humans or animals (LOAELs) or exposure levels below which no adverse effects (NOAELs) have been observed. Estimates of levels posing minimal risk to humans (minimal risk levels or MRLs) may be of interest to health professionals and citizens alike. 

Exposure to sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) is also a concern for women who are sexually active. It is estimated that 15 million people in the United States become newly infected annually with an STD.5 Given that not all methods of contraception protect the user adequately against STDs, the provision of proper patient education by health care professionals regarding this risk is absolutely essential. 

Technology—involve pharmaceutical companies and distributors to develop innovative solutions, such as radiofrequency identification (RFID) to track movements of drugs, tamper-proof packaging to deter tampering, and printing technologies aimed at end user compliance Risk communication—IMPACT to develop and coordinate effective mechanisms to alert and respond to counterfeit drug activities inform and educate users and healthcare professionals to be alert and report suspicious cases... 

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