Preparation poly supports

Salts of neodecanoic acid have been used in the preparation of supported catalysts, such as silver neodecanoate for the preparation of ethylene oxide catalysts (119), and the nickel soap in the preparation of a hydrogenation catalyst (120). Metal neodecanoates, such as magnesium, lead, calcium, and zinc, are used to improve the adherence of plasticized poly(vinyl butyral) sheet to safety glass in car windshields (121). Platinum complexes using neodecanoic acid have been studied for antitumor activity (122). Neodecanoic acid and its esters are used in cosmetics as emoUients, emulsifiers, and solubilizers (77,123,124). Zinc or copper salts of neoacids are used as preservatives for wood (125). 

Poly(acrylamide) and poly(acrylate) supports have been prepared and used in organic synthesis and catalysis. Water-soluble poly(Wisopropyl)acrylamide (PNIPAM) has been derivitized to prepare a supported phosphine onto... 

The triblock poly(alkene oxide)-supported catalysts 88 and 90 can be simply prepared using the same chemistry used earlier to prepare poly(ethylene oxide)-immobilized hydrogenation catalysts (Eqs. 29 and 30) [124]. Once prepared, these ligands and their Rh(I) complexes separate as oil-in-water emulsions from water at temperatures in the 0-50 °C range. The actual LCST depends on the substrate concentration and on the ratio of hydrophilic/hy-... 

We are grateful to Dr. J. Laakso and Dr. J.-E. Osterholm at Neste Oy for preparing poly(3-octylthiophene), and to B. Liedberg for fruitful discussions. The work was supported by the Nordic Fund for Industrial and Technological Development... 

Polymers, such as poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) (PVP), polyacrylamide (PAA), modified poly(2,6-dimethyl-l,4-phenylene oxide) (PPO), and polysulfone (PSF) are used to prepare polymer-supported palladium catalysts. As the data summarized in Table 5, the polymer-supported Pd catalysts are very active in the carbonylation of allylbromide. They are much more active and efficient than the homogeneous palladium catalyst, PdCl2(P(C6H5)s)2. The higher activity of the polymer-supported palladium catalyst possibly results from the increased... 

The preparation method of flat supported carbon molecular sieve membranes has been investigated by using different polymeric materials by Fuertes and Centeno. They used 3,3 4,4 -biphenyltetracaiboxyhc dianhydride (BPDA)—4,4 -pheitylene diamine (pPDA) [1, 16], phenolic resin [17] as precursor to make flat CMSMs supported on a macroporous carbon substrate. In a later study, they ehose poly-etherimide (PEI) as a precursor to prepare flat supported CMSMs [18]. PEI was chosen because it was one of PI based materials which can be used economically. On the other hand, these PEI carbon membranes showed performance similar to the CMSMs prepared by Hayashi et al. [19], which was obtained from a laboratory-synthesized PI (BPDA-ODA). 

Beaded methacrylate polymers, poly(hydroxyethylmethacrylate), Spheron, Separon (29), and poly(glycidylmethacrylate), Eupergin (30,31), are studied extensively at the Czechoslovak Academy of Macromolecular Sciences. An addition to this type of support is poly(oxyethylene-dimethacrylate) (32). Heitz et al. (33) described the preparation of beaded poly(methylacrylates) cross-linked with ethanedimethacrylates. 

The drawback of the described adsorbents is the leakage of the bonded phase that may occur after the change of eluent or temperature of operation when the equilibrium of the polymer adsorption is disturbed. In order to prepare a more stable support Dulout et al. [31] introduced the treatment of porous silica with PEO, poly-lV-vinylpyrrolidone or polyvinylalcohol solution followed by a second treatment with an aqueous solution of a protein whose molecular weight was lower than that of the proteins to be separated. Possibly, displacement of the weakly adsorbed coils by the stronger interacting proteins produce an additional shrouding of the polymer-coated supports. After the weakly adsorbed portion was replaced, the stability of the mixed adsorption layer was higher. 

The chemical adsorption of a relatively high molecular weight neutral polymer (poly(succinimide), M = 13000) on aminopropyl-Vydac 101 TP silica gel was applied by Alpert [47, 48] to prepare a reactive composite support for use in cation-exchange [47] and hydrophobic-interaction [48] chromatography of pro-... 

Immobilization of A and B blood group oligosaccharide haptens and preparation of immunoadsorbents with specificity to anti-A and anti-B antibodies has been carried out with the use of poly acrylate-coated PG (WPG-PA) [124]. Prespacered A and B-trisaccharide-fl-aminopropylglycosides were used for the synthesis. WPG-PA (1 g) quantitatively binds both haptens (2 pinole) whereas some other activated affinity supports (for example, CNBr-Sepharose 4B) do not. On the other hand, glycidoxypropyl-silica binds prespacered haptens completely but these materials reveal no specific adsorptivity. 

This review has shown that the analogy between P=C and C=C bonds can indeed be extended to polymer chemistry. Two of the most common uses for C=C bonds in polymer science have successfully been applied to P=C bonds. In particular, the addition polymerization of phosphaalkenes affords functional poly(methylenephosphine)s the first examples of macromolecules with alternating phosphorus and carbon atoms. The chemical functionality of the phosphine center may lead to applications in areas such as polymer-supported catalysis. In addition, the first n-conjugated phosphorus analogs of poly(p-phenylenevinylene) have been prepared. Comparison of the electronic properties of the polymers with molecular model compounds is consistent with some degree of n-conjugation in the polymer backbone. 

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