Potato pulp

Potato meat or Potatopulp Explosives. Expls made by drying raw potato pulp, mixing it with about 80% of its wt of K chlorate, granulating and drying the mixt, and tumbling with graphite to coat the granules... 

An experimental process has been described for extracting cellulose microfibrils from waste potato pulp and using these to manufacture starch-cellulose composites (Duifesne et al., 2000). 

The polysaccharide compositions of potato cell walls have been genetically manipulated for two main reasons first to attempt to understand the functions of the different cell-wall polysaccharides, and second to improve the value of potato pulp waste. The yield of pectin extracted from the pulp would be improved by decreasing the proportion of cellulose in the walls. The gelling quality of this pectin would also probably be improved by reducing the proportion of RG-1 side chains (Sorensen et al., 2000). 

Mayer, F. (1998). Potato pulp properties, physical modification and applications. Polym. Degrad. Stab., 59,231-235. 

Turquois, T., Rinaudo, M., Taravel, F. R., Heyraud, A. (1999). Extraction of highly gelling pectic substances from sugar beet pulp and potato pulp influence of extrinsic parameters on their gelling properties. Food Hydrocolloids, 13,255-262. 

Kamnerdpetch, C., Weiss, M., Kasper, C., Scheper, T. (2007). An improvement of potato pulp protein hydrolyzation process by the combination of protease enzyme systems. Enzyme Microb. Technol., 40, 508-514. 

Table 16.1 Components of conventional wet potato pulp (Mayer, 1998)...

The particulate fraction, called potato pulp, besides the fruit liquid and water in intact cells, contains starch, cellulose, hemicelluloses, pectin, and proteins. On a dry matter basis, the pulp contains 74% of protein in comparison to the content in potato tuber (Kempf, 1980). Components of conventional wet potato pulp are listed in Table 16.1. 

In countries where a strong environmental regulation for industrial wastewater exists, purification of waste streams from potato factories regarding both the fruit water and the pulp is required. Several attempts have been made to dehydrate the by-products and to utilize them for different purposes. Its high moisture content (80%) requires an expensive drying due to the problem of spoilage, if left untreated. The starch industry tries to sell as much pulp as possible as wet or partially dried cattle feed. However, the need for potato pulp by farmers is limited. Potato pulp is being used as cattle feed as well as a solid-state fermentation media for the production of different biomolecules. Conventional applications of potato pulp are listed in Table 16.2. 

A practical technique for lactic acid fermentation of potato pulp has been developed (Oda et al., 2002). They screened 38 strains of the fungus Rhizopus oryzae either lactic acid or fumaric acid and ethanol were formed, and the ratio differed among the strains tested. Saito et al. (2003) studied the effect of pectinolytic enzymes on lactic acid fermentation of potato pulp by different Rhizopus oryzae NRRL 395 and NBRC 4707 strains. When a commercial preparation of pectinase was added to potato pulp inoculated with fungal spores and incubated for 7 days, both strains effectively produced larger amounts of lactic acid and ethanol. These data indicated that the fermentation of potato pulp depends on the degradation of pectic substances in NRRL 395 and NBRC 4707. Saito et al. (2006) evaluated the potato pulp obtained in different seasons and found pectin content to be dependent on the dates of extraction. 

Potato pulp and potato pulp residue (after acidic treatment) and nutrient salt solution and potato protein liquor, respectively, were used for the production of cellulases and hemicellulases by Trichoderma reesei Rut C30 in a continuously operated bioreactor, (Klingspohn and Schiigerl... 

Trojanowski et al. (1995) reported the utilization of potato pulp and potato liquor for the produetion of laccase by basidiomyeetes. 

Abe, A., Sujaya, I. -N., Sone, T., Asano, K., Oda, Y. (2004). Microflora and selected metabolites of potato pulp fermented with an Indonesian starter ragi tape. Food Technol. Biotechnol., 42(3), 169-173. 

Klingspohn, U., Schiigerl, K. (1993). Integrated enzyme production in continuous operation by utilization of potato pulp. J. Biotechnol., 29(1-2), 109-119. 

Oda, Y, Saito, K., Yamauchi, H., Mori, M. (2002). Lactic acid fermentation of potato pulp by Ihe fungus Rhizopus oryzae. Curr. Microbiol., 45, 1. ... 

Okine, A., Hanada, M., Aibibula, Y, Okamoto, M. (2005). Ensiling of potato pulp with or without bacterial inoculanls and ils elfecl on fermentation quality, nutrient composition and nutritive value. Ani. FeedSci. Technol., 121(3 ), 329-343. 

Saito, K., Kawamura, Y, Oda, Y. (2003). Role of the pectinolytic enzyme in the lactic acid fermentation of potato pulp by Rhizopus oryzae. J. Ind. Microbiol. BiotechnoL, 30,440 44. 

A PLACE POTATO PULP ON DOUBLE LAYER OF CHEESE CLOTH. FOLD UP AND TIE. DIP BAG IN POT OF WATER. SQUEEZE. DIP AND SQUEEZE UNTIL MOST STARCH IS OUT. 

Tuber roots, their products and by-products Sugarbeet pulp, dried beet, potato, sweet potato as tuber, manioc as roots, potato pulp (byproduct of the extraction of potato starch), potato starch, potato protein and tapioca... 

Most commercial pectins are produced from apple pomace and citrus peels, although other raw materials are also used, including sugar beet pulp (in Sweden, Germany and England), sunflower seed head (in Bulgaria), and potato pulp. The industrial process for pectin extraction was described in detail by May (1990) and Voragen... 

Surprisingly, the association between TPS and cellulose fibres (polysaccharide-based composites) has been little analysed. In the literature, cellulose fillers used in association with a plasticized starch matrix are commercial paper fibres,10 potato pulp microfibrils,11 12 tunicin whiskers and paper bleached pulp.13-14 The literature reports that these cellulose fillers improve the tensile strength. Besides, the composite water sorption seems to be decreased. This behaviour is related to the well known lower water uptake of cellulose compared to starch.10-14... 

Measure and place 2.0 mL of red-skin potato pulp into each test tube. 

Repeat Steps 4-12 using 2.0 mL of beef liver pulp instead of potato pulp. 

Grape pomace—1.5% N Sugar beet pulp—1.5% N Potato pulp—1% N Apple pomace—0.7% N Molasses - 0.5% N Cottonseed hulls—1% N... 

Sugar beet pulp, molasses, vinasse, potato pulp -0.43... 

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