Nutrient salt solution

Inoculum. Inoculum of T, reesei QMY-1 was produced on the modified medium as described above but containing 1.5% glucose, with the nutrient salt solution diluted accordingly. For inoculation of each flask containing 5 g of substrate, 5 ml of 2-day-old culture was used. For SSF experiment, the inoculum was spread on the surface of the substrate. 

Potato pulp and potato pulp residue (after acidic treatment) and nutrient salt solution and potato protein liquor, respectively, were used for the production of cellulases and hemicellulases by Trichoderma reesei Rut C30 in a continuously operated bioreactor, (Klingspohn and Schiigerl... 

Systematic investigations were carried out by Adler et al. [39-41] and Konig et al. [26] with various cultivation media. The voliunetric mass transfer coefficients ki,a were determined by a steady state method with distilled water, nutrient salt solution and various cultivation media in the presence and absence of antifoam agents. Volumetric mass transfer coefficients are strongly enhanced by increasing aeration rate. At low superficial gas velocities (< 2.5 cm s ) the... 

A nutrient salt solution with an antifoam agent had the lowest kLa value, and therefore it was chosen as the reference system. 

In Table 1, m orr values for various biological systems and nutrient salt solutions with an antifoam agent [Desmophen 3600,Bayer AG,a polyfpropylene... 

Table 1. Values of for biological systems and nutrient salt solution in a bubble column at WsG = 4 cm s". The reference is the nutrient salt solution with Desmophen which has the lowest kLa value [40]...

D substrate limited growth,ethanol substrate, S = 0 g/1 O glucose substrate S 0 g/1 -----ranne for 0.5 % nutrient salt solution in tower reactoi... 

Nahr-lbsung, /. nutrient (or nutritive) solution, -medium, n. nutrient medium, -mittel, n. food nutriment, nutrient. -plasma, /. (Biol.) trophoplasm, -praparat, n, food preparation. -saft, m. nutrient juice chyle sap. -salz, n. nutrient salt (salt required for proper nutrition), -stoff, m. nutri ve substance, nutrient nutritive material, foodstuff, food, nfihrstoffarm, a. poor in food material. Nahrstoffgehalt, m. nutrient content, food content. 

Historically, the development of animal cell culture systems has been dependent upon the development of new types of tissue culture media. Mouse L cells and HeLa cells were developed using a balanced salt solution supplemented with blood plasma, an embryonic tissue extract, and/or serum. In 1955 Eagle developed a nutritionally defined medium, containing all of the essential amino acids, vitamins, cofactors, carbohydrates, salts, and small amounts of dialyzed serum (Table 1). He demonstrated that this minimal essential medium (MEM) supported the long-term growth of mouse L and HeLa ceils. Eagle s MEM was so well defined that the omission of a single essential nutrient eventually resulted in the death of these animal cells in culture. 

Nutrient calibration solutions in seawater are commonly prepared by dissolving known amounts of pre-dried, solid, primary standard salts in low-nutrient seawater. Low-nutrient seawater must be collected from oligotrophic open-ocean surface water to minimize background nutrient... 

Extraction of soils for analysis of die readily available nutrients include replacement of exchangeable cations by salt solutions, dilute acids, and dilute alkalies such as NaHCCh. Fluoride solutions ate employed to repress iron, aluminum, and calcium activity during the extraction of phosphorus. Extraction of the soil solution is effected by displacement in a soil column, often through the application of pressure across a pressure membrane. The soil solution is analyzed by conductance and elemental analysis methods. Also, the total elemental analysis of soils is made by Na2CC>3 fusion of the soil followed by classical geochemical analysis methods. 

Use Fertilizer, source of potassium salts, pharmaceutical preparations, photography, spectroscopy, plant nutrient, salt substitute, lab reagent, buffer solutions, food additive. 

Various types of media have been used to cultivate different cell lines. The choice is mostly empirical, but formulations can be optimized for different cell lines and purposes. Most media, however, have the following essential components balanced salt solutions (BSS), essential amino acids, glucose, vitamins, buffers, and antibiotics. The BSS provides a concoction of inorganic salts required by the cells and usually has an osmolality between 260 and 320mOsm/kg, which is similar in range to that experienced by cells in vivo. Balanced salt solution often contains sodium bicarbonate and phosphates, which apart from nutrient value, also act in a buffering capacity. 

Pd nanoparticles (Pd-NPs) colloidal solution and Pd micrometer partieles (Pd-MPs) suspension with a concentration of 1.1-10.6 mg Pd were prepared by chemical reduction of Pd to Pd in aqueous solution following the protoeol described in (Leopold et al. 2008a, b). For this purpose an adequate amount of a Pd(N03)2 standard solution was diluted in ultra pure water and a freshly prepared sodium borohydride solution was added for reduction. Depending on the addition rate of reductant and reaction temperature the formed particles diameter varies. At a temperature of 0-5 °C Pd-NPs with a size distribution from 5 to 10 nm (Fig. la) are formed, whereas at room temperature larger, agglomerated particles with a diameter of 0.5-5 pm are obtained (Fig. Id). Immediately after preparation the solution/suspension was either used for characterisation of the particles or mixed with nutrient salts for exposure studies. For HRTEM and SAD... 

Hansenula polymorpha and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were cultivated on synthetic medium with 1% glucose in fed-batch and continuous mode, respectively, in the absence of antifoam agents. For the nutrient preparation, sterilization and storage, 300-, 600-, 1000- and 5000-1 stirred tank vessels were used. The nutrient salt medium was steriUzed without glucose. The glucose solution was autoclaved separately and was added to the cold, sterilized nutrient medium. The flotation column was operated in continuous mode. 

Metal-depleted medium, used in the work depicted in Fig. 11.4 was conveniently made as follows. The required nutrient salts were dissolved in water. This solution was shaken out with a solution of dithizone in chloroform. This operation was repeated many times, and finally the solution was shaken out with chloroform (to remove the dithizone) and finally aerated (to remove the chloroform) (Piper, 1942). Other substances with a high avidity for metals have been used similarly, e.g. 8-hydroxyquinoline for depleting bacteriological media (Rubbo, Albert and Gibson, 1950). Thirty-eight methods of metal depletion have been compared by Donald, Passey and Swaby (1952). 

Glucose and nutrient salts are dissolved separately in 500 ml redistilled water, sterilized for 30 minutes in steam bath and the separate solutions combined after cooling. 

Table 26. Minimum Inhibition Concentrations (MIC) of the 40% Aqueous Sodium Salt Solution in Nutrient Agar...

Examples of solutions abound in the world around us. The air we breathe is a solution of several gases. Brass is a solid solution of zinc in copper. The fluids that run through our bodies are solutions, carrying a great variety of essential nutrients, salts, and other materials. 

Analyse the samples and calibrate against the high-nutrient standard solution with medium salinity. Plot the deviations of the resulting concentrations from the nominal (spike) concentrations versus the spike concentrations (Fig. 10-3a). The plot should display a series of five straight lines (one regression line per salinity). If the basic matrix contains traces of nutrients, these concentrations or the respective dilutions must be added to the determined and the nominal concentrations. The medium (standard) salinity line is p u allel to the abscissa in concentration deviation zero and the higher and lower salinity lines are sjrmme-trically below and above. The plot indicates the linearity of the determination and shows whether the correction for a salt effect can improve the analytical accuracy. 

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