Polystyrene-h-poly

Figure 10.3. Drawing of the final product, a polystyrene-h-poly(vinylperfluorooctamc ester) (o n 10%)...

Liu S, Zhu H, Zhao H, Jiang M, Wu C. Interpolymer hydrogen-bonding complexation induced micellization fi om polystyrene-h-poly(methyl methacrylate) and PS(OH) in toluene. Langmuir 2000 16 3712-3717. 

Zhang LF, Eisenherg A. Multiple morphologies of crew-cut aggregates of polystyrene-h-poly (acrylic acid) block copolymers. Science 1995 268 1728-1731. 

Block copolymer vesicles, or polymersomes, are of continued interest for their ability to encapsulate aqueous compartments within relatively robust polymer bilayer shells (Fig. 7) [66, 67]. Eisenberg and coworkers were the first to report the formation of block copolymer vesicles from the self-assembly of polystyrene-h-poly(acrylic acid) (PS-h-PAA) block copolymers. They also have described the formation of a wide range of vesicle architectures in solution from the self-assembly of five different block copolymers PS-h-PAA. PS-h-PMMA, PB-h-PAA, polystyrene-h-poly(4-vinyIpyridinium methyl iodide), and polystyrene-h-(4-vinylpyridinium decyl iodide) [68]. Small uniform vesicles, large polydisperse vesicles, entrapped vesicles, hollow concentric vesicles, onions, and vesicles with hollow tubes in the walls have been observed and the formation mechanism discussed. Since vesicles could be prepared with low glass transition polymers such as PB [69, 70] and PPO [71], it has been established than these structures are thermodynamically stable and not trapped by the glassy nature of the hydrophobic part. 

Polystyrene-h-poly(2-vinylpyridine)-h-poly(rerr-butyl methacrylate)... 

Both polar and nonpolar blocks can be incorporated using cxjupling strategies. Polystyrene-h-poly(ethyleneglycol) can be prepared by NMR... 

Although block copolymers such as polystyrene-h-poly(butyl acrylate) (PS-Z>-PBA) can be prepared by NMP, the reaction is much more successful if the (PBA) alkoxyamine-terminated block is used to initiate the styrene polymerization than vice versa. However, a PS macroinitiator can be used to prepare well-defined diblocks with isoprene as the second monomer, i.e., (PS-h-PI), using NMP techniques and 2,2,5 trimethyl-3-(l-phenyl ethoxy)-4-phenyl-3-azahexane (TMPAH) as the nitrox-ide mediator. 

This procedure allows the simultaneous analysis and detection of separated relaxation modes resulting from different components of the system under investigation. This is demonstrated in Figure 3.13, where the distribution of relaxation times obtained at several scattering angles in a tetrahydrofuran solution of a diblock copolymer polystyrene-h-poly(ethylene-propylene) is presented. 

Several studies have concerned the microstnicture of lamellae in materials such as the block copolymers polystyrene-h/oc/r-poly-l-vinylpyridine [139] and polystyrene-h/oc/r-polybutadiene [140], as well as single crystals of poly-para-xylylene [139], and reveal features (such as intersecting lamellae (figure Bl.19.29)) that had not been previously observed. 

Fig. 10. X-ray reflectivity curves of polystyrene (PS)/poly-p-bromostyrene (PBrS) on a glass substrate before (solid line) and after annealing for 13 h at 130 °C (dashed tine) [191]. The width of the interface changes from 1.3 nm to 2.0 nm due to interfacial mixing of components. The X-ray wavelength is 0.154 nm and films have a thickness of 37.8 nm (PS) and 45.0 nm (PBrS), respectively...

Kim, J., Kim, B., Jung, B., Kang, Y. S., Ha, H. Y, Oh, I. H. and Ihn, K. J. 2002. Effect of casting solvent on morphology and physical properties of partially sulfonated polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene-ran-butylene)-block-polystyrene copolymers. Macromolecular Rapid Communication 23 753-756. 

PB PBI PBMA PBO PBT(H) PBTP PC PCHMA PCTFE PDAP PDMS PE PEHD PELD PEMD PEC PEEK PEG PEI PEK PEN PEO PES PET PF PI PIB PMA PMMA PMI PMP POB POM PP PPE PPP PPPE PPQ PPS PPSU PS PSU PTFE PTMT PU PUR Poly(n.butylene) Poly(benzimidazole) Poly(n.butyl methacrylate) Poly(benzoxazole) Poly(benzthiazole) Poly(butylene glycol terephthalate) Polycarbonate Poly(cyclohexyl methacrylate) Poly(chloro-trifluoro ethylene) Poly(diallyl phthalate) Poly(dimethyl siloxane) Polyethylene High density polyethylene Low density polyethylene Medium density polyethylene Chlorinated polyethylene Poly-ether-ether ketone poly(ethylene glycol) Poly-ether-imide Poly-ether ketone Poly(ethylene-2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylate) Poly(ethylene oxide) Poly-ether sulfone Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Phenol formaldehyde resin Polyimide Polyisobutylene Poly(methyl acrylate) Poly(methyl methacrylate) Poly(methacryl imide) Poly(methylpentene) Poly(hydroxy-benzoate) Polyoxymethylene = polyacetal = polyformaldehyde Polypropylene Poly (2,6-dimethyl-l,4-phenylene ether) = Poly(phenylene oxide) Polyp araphenylene Poly(2,6-diphenyl-l,4-phenylene ether) Poly(phenyl quinoxaline) Polyphenylene sulfide, polysulfide Polyphenylene sulfone Polystyrene Polysulfone Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) Poly(tetramethylene terephthalate) Polyurethane Polyurethane rubber... 

In the vicinity of glass transition, both Eqs. (47) and (48) become Eqs. (42) and (43), respectively. The calculated dependence of the physical aging rate on temperature for polystyrene (PS), poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), and poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) is shown in Fig. 17. There are five parameters (e, p, f xr, 7 ) in Eqs. (23), (2), (15) and (19). We have chosen p = 1/2. ft = 1/30, and xr = 30 min for these linear polymers in our theoretical calculation. The other two parameters r. = h and Tr are listed in Table 1. The calculation reveals that the Struik exponent (p) increases from zero above 7 to a constant below Tg, and then decreases to zero at 200 K below Tg. The three polymers all show a similar type of temperature dependence of physical aging rate, which compares well with the reported observations (see Fig. 15 of Ref. 2). 

D) polybutadiene, (E) polytetramethyl - sulp henyl siloxane, (F) poly(methyl methacrylate), (G) poly(ethylene glycol), (H) poly(vinyl acetate) and (I) polystyrene [redrawn from G. C. Berry and T. G. Fox, Adv. Polym. ScL, 5,261 (1968)]. 

PDMAEMA-fo-PBMA) [62] in alcohols and polystyrene-h-polybutadiene (PS-h-PB) [49] andpolystyrene-h-poly(propyrene-flZt- ethylene) (PS-h-(PP-aZt-E)) [58], linear PS [47], and PMMA [47] in hydrocarbon are used. 

Fig. 8 Illustration of a (3.4.6.4) Archimedian tiling self-assembled structure of a 2 1 blend of poly(2-vinylpyridine)-l>Zocfc-polyisoprene-l)Zocfc-poly(2-vinylpyridine) and polystyrene-fcZocfc-poly(4-hydroxystyrene). P denotes poly(2-vinylpyridine), H denotes poly(4-hydroxystyrene), S denotes polystyrene and I denotes polyisoprene. Reprinted with permission from [45]. 2006 American Chemical Society...

Fig. 3. Critical strain intensity factor versus entanglement density for various polymers (filled squares data taken from [13] open squares this study), a polystyrene b poly(methyl methacrylate) c poly(vinyl chloride) d polyamide 6 e polyoxymethylene f bisphenol-A polycarbonate g poly(ethylene terephthalate) h SAPA-A series i SAPA-R series.

The authors have further observed that when a deuterium atom is attached to the same carbon atom as a hydrogen, the C-H bond is broken 2.3 times as readily as a C-H bond in the structure -CH2-, and the C-D bond is broken 1.6 times as readily as a C-D bond in the structure -CD2-. Table 1 shows that the monomer yield in thermal degradation of polystyrene and poly(/8-deuterostyrene) at 350 °C in vacuum is the same (42%). Monomer yield from poly(/8-deuterostyrene) should have been much less than that from polystyrene if the abstraction of hydrogen from -CDH- is easier than from-CH2-. 

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