Polymers, expl

Of the many nitro polymers developed as propints by Aerojet General Corp, one polyamide polymer resulted which can be considered an expl and is presented below ... 

Dinitropolystyrene. An expl weaker than DNT (Ref 2). Prepd from the polystyrene polymer by nitration. It is not possible to prepare the expl by nitration of styrene followed by polymerization (Ref 4)... 

Dynamic differential thermal analysis is used to measure the phase transitions of the polymer. IR is used to determine the degree of unsaturation in the polymer. Monitoring of the purity and raw is done commercially using gas phase chromatography for fractionization and R1 with UV absorption at 260 nanometers for polystyrene identification and measurement Polystyrene is one of the most widely used plastics because of fabrication ease and the wide spectrum of properties possible. Industries using styrene-based plastics are packaging, appliance, construction, automotive, radio and television, furniture, toy, houseware and baggage. Styrene is also used by the military as a binder in expls and rocket propints... 

Several other ozonides were prepd from butadiene polymers, but it was not stated whether or not they were expl... 

The polymer, (CsHB04)x, was prepd (together with some monomer) on passing ozone thru a chloro formic so in of cyclopentene. It Is a cryst compd, insol in org solvents reacts violently with coned sulfuric acid a powerful expl Reft 1) Beil 5, (30) 2) C.D. Harries H. 

For example, using hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene as the binder, RDX as the expl, toluenediisocyanate as a co-polymer, sym-di-(2-naphthyl)-p-phenylenediamine as an antioxidant, and poly butene as the plasticizer in a wt % ratio of 12.1/42.7/5/0.2/40, a castable expl is produced. 

A specialized computer program has been developed at PLASTEC to provide rapid access to data describing the influence of propints and expls on the behavior of polymers. Termed COMPAT for short — it is the only known central source of this type information, obtained from tests conducted at ARRADCOM and a wide assortment of data published in the open literature... 

Polyhydric Alcohols. (Polyols). An alcohol with three or more hydroxyl groups, each attached to a different carbon atom. They are w-sol and of sweetish taste, which tends to intensify with increasing hydroxyl content. Examples of polyols of ordn interest are listed below. Polyvinyl alcohol is considered in a separate entry as a polymer although it is defined as a polyhydric alcohol. Polyols, when nitrated, make excellent expls, proplnt binders, plasticizers, etc. Prepn can follow the procedure of Lenth DuPuis (Ref 3) which uses a methanol suspension of either sucrose or dextrose and a special Cu-Al oxide catalyst to yield 60-65% distillable polyols at 240° and 1500psi Refs 1) Beil — refs found under individual compds 2) CA, under Alcohols, Polyhydric for compds of current ordn interest 3) C.W. Lenth R.N. DuPuis, "Polyhydric Alcohol Production by Hydrogenolysis of Sugars in the Presence of Copper-Aluminum Oxide , IEC 37, 152-57 (1945) CA 39, 1391 (1945)... 

A135-R to A136-L. A patented process (Ref) obtains polymers by heating allyl ale, or homologs, at 50—100° in the presence of oxygen and/or an oxygen-yielding catalyst such as a peroxide, perchlorate or persulfate. Nitration of these polymers has yielded some expls Ref Anon, DutchP 66784 (1950) CA 45,... 

Polystyrene. A thermoplastic used as a binder and fuel in expls and rocket propints. See Plastic fuels (Vol 3, C465-L) under Composite Propellants also Dinitropolystyrene in this Vol, N143-L to N144-R under Nitro Polymers and Propellants, Solid , also in this Vol... 

Propyl Acrylate (Propylic Acid, Propyl ester). The (theoretical) parent compd for nitroolefin polymers used as propints and expls such as 2,2-Dinitropropylacrylate (DNPA) . See under this title in this Vol, N139-R to N140-L. 

A) S. Custodero, ItalP 522944 (1955) CA 53, 3698 (1959) [Synthetic resin-base expls are prepd by incorporation of oxidizers into a liquid polymer which is then solidified by addn of a suitable catalyst. Thus, to 20% of a mixt contg 100 parts Araldit D and 9—lOps 951 (an alipahtic polyamine), 80% NaC103 was added with slow stirring to obtain a homogeneous paste. After it was shaped into the desired form by means of a press, it hardened on standing for... 

A number of expls have been prepd from raw materials involving formaldehyde. Although most of the formaldehyde expls are prepd from formaldehyde derivatives, several expls can be prepd directly in one operation from formaldehyde or anhydrous formaldehyde, or its polymer, paraformaldehyde. Walker (Ref 38), in his book on formaldehyde, gives a brief description of expls derived from it. For convenience, we divide them into two groups — those obtained directly from formaldehyde and those from formaldehyde derivatives... 

Toxicity. Dichlorohydrin has a narcotic 8c depressant action on the heart, circulation respiration. It is harmful when taken internally or when absorbed thru the skin Uses. According to Daniel (Ref 3), Dichlorohydrin was proposed at the end of the 19th century as a solv for NC used in commercial expls, since it is less volatile than some other solvs (such as ether-ale, acetone, ethyl or amyl acetate). Dichlorohydrin is used in the production of epichlorohydrin, as intermediates in the manuf of glycerol derivs, sulfqr-contg polymers textile finishing agents (Ref 5)... 

NGc are completely sol. For their identification, weigh 5.0 g of the filtered expl oil into a large test tube, add 50mi of 60% AcOH, stopper and shake well. Insol oily drops collecting on the bottom of the test tub° indiestbs rsscncs of nitrated polymers. In this case, decant the liquid and repeat the extraction of oil with two addnl 50-ml portions of AcOH. Wash the residue with two 50-ml portions of distd water and separate by decantation. Dissolve the residue in 30 ml of ether and add an excess of anhyd... 

CA 65, 568(1966) [Fluid nitric esters, nitro aromatic compds or their mixes can be thickened and made plastic by addn of soluble polymers that contain neither nitro nor perchloro groups. The gelled compds are useful in the manuf of expls and propints. Polymers used include poly(Me-methacrylate), poly(vinyl acetate), EtOAc-vinyl chloride, phenol-HCHO, poly-(vinylpyrrolidinone) and poly(vinylpyrrolidi-none)-poly(vlnylacetate)]... 

CO. CHj and Dinitroacethylacetone 0,N. CHa. CO.CHa. CO.CHa.NOa —not found in Beil Acetylacetone Peroxide, Polymer, (C H, ), mw (134.13)x, OB to CO, -131.2%, OB to CO -71.5%. Glassy syrup, not volatile with steam very expl. Was prepd by Pastureau from acetyl acetone and hydrogen peroxide in sulfuric acid soln... 

While it sublimes below 250° at press 0 to 150 mm Hg, it shows slow decompn between 250-450° at 70 mm and betw 250°-310° at 150 mm. Amm azide is one of the more stable azides (Ref 20). According to Gray Wad-dington it vaporizes and dissociates into NH3 HNa and then the HN3 explodes. A hot wire causes Amm azide to burn quietly in air rather than detonate (Ref 20). This azide detonates violently when properly initiated, heared rapidly or heated under confinement (Refs 2 10). Temp of expln is 1400° and specific energy 7102 kg/1 (Ref 9). It is considered a non-brisant expl as it decomposes in an ideal manner producing only innocuous gases (1148 1/kg at 0° and 760 mm) (Ref 6). The toxicity of Amm azide is unknown (Ref 22). Ephraim (Ref 19) states that this salt may be regarded as a polymer of imide(NH). ... 

The polymerization product of either 1-iodo-buten-(3)-in(l) or 2-iodo-l-vinyl acetylene, formed by reacting either of these compds with an aq acid soln, is a hard black, v expl solid of the general formula (C4H3I)X Refs l)Beil 1,126 1032 ff 2)C.E. Shildknecht, Vinyl and Polymers... , J. Wiley, NY (1952), 704 3) G.F. Hennion et al,... 

In order to determine the type and amount of free monomer present in vinyl polymer latexes (so as to ascertain the toxic and expl hazards posed by their presence) the authors report the use of a gas chromatographic technique to successfully identify and measure the amount of vinyl ethylene]... 

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