Polyamide resins Nylon

Polymers Unsaturated fatty-acid chains offer opportunities for polymerisation that can be exploited to develop uses in surface coatings and plastics manufacturing. Polyunsaturated fatty acids can be dimerised to produce feedstocks for polyamide resin (nylon) production. Work is also ongoing to develop polyurethanes from vegetable oils through manipulation of functionality in the fatty-acid chains, to produce both rigid foams and elastomers with applications in seals, adhesives and moulded flexible parts (see Chapter 5 for more information). 

Note Not all nylons are polyamide resins, nor are all polyamide resins nylons, e.g., Versamide . One class of polyamide resins distinct from nylons is derived from ethylenediamine they may be liquids... 

Molding Plastic, Polyamide Resin (Nylon) Glass-Fiber Filled and Molded Polyamide Resin Glass-Fiber Filled Plastic Parts, MIL-M-19887 i. Plastic Molding Material, Polycarbonate, Glass Fiber Reinforced, MIL-P-81390... 

Polysulfone resin—30% glass fiber Polyamid resin (Nylon 66)—... 

In addition to the semicrystalline nylons, which comprise the vast majority of commercial resins, nylon is also available in an amorphous form that gives rise to transparency and improved toughness at the expense of high temperature properties and chemical stress crack resistance. Table 2 shows the properties of some different polyamide types. 

Polyamides. Coating powders based on polyamide resins have been used in fusion-coating processes for along time (1). Nylon-11 [25587-80-8] h.2LS been used almost exclusively however, more recently, coating powders also have been sold based on nylon-12 [24937-16-4]. The properties of these two resins are quite similar. Nylon-6 [25038-54-4] and nylon-6,6 [32131 -17-2] are not used because the melt viscosities are too high. 

Nylon Resins. Nylon engineering thermoplastic resins have the foUowing polyamide stmctures ... 

When the -OH of a carboxylic acid is replaced by an -NH2, the compound produced is an amide. Amides are neutral to mildly basic compounds. They can be made from acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, and esters by reaction with ammonia or primary and secondary amines. The amide linkage is found in polyamide resins such as nylon. 

Modacrylic staple fibers Polyamide resins Polyester thermoplastic Co-extruded film Polymelitimide Nylon-12 PVC PS... 

Some of the main uses [33,34] of polyamides or nylons are for synthetic fibers for the tire, carpet, stocking, and upholstery industries. Use of polyamides as molding and extrusion resins for the plastics industry is also of increasing importance [38]. 

HMX HMX HMX HMX HMX HMX HMX HMX HMX HMX HMX HMX HNS NTO NTO/HMX NTO/HMX NTO/HMX PETN PETN PETN PETN PETN PETN PETN PETN PETN PETN RDX RDX RDX RDX RDX RDX RDX RDX RDX RDX RDX RDX RDX TATB/HMX Cariflex (thermoplastic elastomer) Hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene (polyurethane) Hydroxy-terminated polyester Kraton (block copolymer of styrene and ethylene-butylene) Nylon (polyamide) Polyester resin-styrene Polyethylene Polyurethane Poly(vinyl) alcohol Poly(vinyl) butyral resin Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene) Viton (fluoroelastomer) Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene) Cariflex (block copolymer of butadiene-styrene) Cariflex (block copolymer of butadiene-styrene) Estane (polyester polyurethane copolymer) Hytemp (thermoplastic elastomer) Butyl rubber with acetyl tributylcitrate Epoxy resin-diethylenetriamine Kraton (block copolymer of styrene and ethylene-butylene) Latex with bis-(2-ethylhexyl adipate) Nylon (polyamide) Polyester and styrene copolymer Poly(ethyl acrylate) with dibutyl phthalate Silicone rubber Viton (fluoroelastomer) Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene) Epoxy ether Exon (polychlorotrifluoroethylene/vinylidine chloride) Hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene (polyurethane) Kel-F (polychlorotrifluoroethylene) Nylon (polyamide) Nylon and aluminium Nitro-fluoroalkyl epoxides Polyacrylate and paraffin Polyamide resin Polyisobutylene/Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene) Polyester Polystyrene Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene) Kraton (block copolymer of styrene and ethylene-butylene)... 

Some of the monomers commonly used to prepare the nylon resins are shown in Ihe accompanying table. Both petrochemical and vegetable products provide the source materials that are transformed into the reactive intermediates. Tile table correctly suggests that there is a wider choice in diacids than in diamines. The most important commercial polyamide resins are nylons-66 and -6. Other commercial nylons include 610, 612, 11, and 12. 

Backing and Tear-repair. The methods and materials proposed for lining include the following (a) mulberry paper attached with starch (rice or wheat), methylcellulose, or carboxymethyl-cellulose adhesives (18 19), (b) contemporary tapa attached with starch or cellulose-derived adhesives (20 21), (c) nylon laminating tissue and heat-set polyamide resin (22) and (d) stitched backings. 

Synthetic organic resins used in TLC are polyamide 6 (Nylon 6) and polyamide 11, which consist of polymeric caprolactam and undecanamide, respectively. Therefore, polyamide 6 is more hydrophilic than polyamide 11, owing to the shorter hydrophobic chain of its monomeric unit. 

Examples of the use of nanostructured materials for packaging applications have been given in Chaudhry et al. (2008) and references therein. One of the first market entries into the food packaging arena was polymer composites containing clay nanoparticles (montmorillonite). The natural nanolayer structure of the clay particles impart improved barrier properties to the clay-polymer composite material. Some of the polymers which have been used in these composites for production of packaging bottles and films include polyamides, polyethylene vinyl acetate, epoxy resins, nylons, and polyethylene terephthalate. 

The mapping shown in Fig. 1 includes references to SBR and styrene block copolymers in the PB search. Removing these citations from the database reduced the number to 4297, which can be seen mapped in Fig. 3. the area of high activity is centered on hydroxy terminated PB (HTPB). Low-Mn HTPB can be prepared by a variety of polymerization processes such as radical, anionic, or even using acyclic diene metathesis (ADMET).f The HTPB has a variety of uses as a propellant. " Other uses include reaction with epoxy resins, nylon, urethane, or even in the formulation of adhesives.t" The use of HTPB as an oxygen scavenger in polyamide, polyvinyl alcohol, and multilayer... 

This peptide was synthesized on polyamide resin [19] using Fmoc chemistry. The peptide was phosphorylated by global phosphorylation on resin [20] and was capped with biotinyl- -aminohexanoyl-hydroxylsuccinimide. Both of these steps were considered risks. ESI-MS of the crude material indicated that the peptide was completely phosphorylated but that the biotinylation step was incomplete. Analytical RP-HPLC on a Cjg column using PEPl indicated that both peptides were present in nearly equal proportions. The crude peptide (129 mg) was dissolved in 30 mL of H2O. A few drops of concentrated NH3 had to be added to effect complete dissolution. HOAc was added to adjust the pH to just under 7 (pH paper) and the solution was filtered through a 0A5-fim nylon filter. The sample was pumped onto two 2,5 X 25 cm Vydac Cig 15-20 /xm columns in series at 10 mL/min. Separation was achieved by running a gradient of 16-31% B/30 min at 10 mL/ min (A = 0.1% TFA-H2O B = 0.1% TFA-ACN). The first 10 min of eluant was diverted to waste and fractions were taken thereafter. 

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