Engineering thermoplastics nylon resins

Commercial engineering thermoplastic nylons are mainly crystalline resins. Nylon-6,6 [32131 -17-2] is the largest volume resin, followed by nylon-6 (48). Other commercially available but much lower volume crystalline nylons are -6,9, -6,10, -6,12, -11, and -12. The crystallinity of the molded part decreases with chain size (49). A few truly amorphous commercial nylon resins contain both aromatic and ahphatic monomer constituents (50). For example, Trogamid T resin is made from a mixture of 2,2,4- and 2,4,4-trimethylhexamethylenediamines and terephthahc acid (51). 

Nylon resins are important engineering thermoplastics. Nylons are produced by a condensation reaction of amino acids, a diacid and a diammine, or by ring opening lactams such as caprolactam. The polymers, however, are more important for producing synthetic fibers (discussed later in this chapter). 

Nylamid, Nylon-based engineering thermoplastics, Custom Resins Group... 

Nylon Resins. Nylon engineering thermoplastic resins have the foUowing polyamide stmctures ... 

DSM Engineering Plastics, nylon, PBT, Polycarbonate Thermoplastic Elastomer PC/ABS Conductive Resins Thermoplastics Reinforced and Filled Thermoplastics Lubricated... 

Hahgenated polymers, both brominated and chlorinated, have been developed to yield better polymer compatibility, improve physical properties, and long-term-aging characteristics in many thermoplastic resins, particularly the high-performance engineering thermoplastics, such as nylon, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). These materials still use antimony oxide as a synergist to achieve the desired flame resistance (31). 

Minion . (DuPmit DuPont UK] Nylon resin, mineral or mineral/glass-rein-forced. low cost, engineering thermoplastic. 

Plaslube . [Akzo Engineering Plastics] Acetal, nylon 6, 6/6,6/12, PC, or PPS resins lubricated widi PIPE, silicone, molybdenum disulfide, or carbon. internally lubricated engineering thermoplastics. 

Virtually all thermoplastics and some thermoset most common are commodity plastics such as PVC, PE, PP, and PS others include ABS, nylon, cellulosics, acrylics Several thermoplastics with PE (particularly ND, PE) having the largest volume others include PVC, PP, PS, ABS, acrylics, nylons, acrylonitrile, acetates, and PC PE, (highest volume) PP, PVC together account for almost all plastics used others include a number of engineering thermoplastics, including ABS, acetal copolymers, nylon (6 and 11), polycarbonate Almost all thermoplastics but most commonly used include ABS, PP, PS, PVC polyesters others include acrylics, polycarbonate, cellulosic, nitrile resins... 

Several other common thermoplastics emerged about the same time as LDPE in 1930s. Polystyrene, for instance, was first produced in 1930 and by 1934 plants were in operation producing the commercial resin in both Germany and Ihe United States. Poly(methyhnethacrylate) (PMMA) was developed by ICI about the same period. Carothers s discovery of nylons (introduced in 1939 at the World s Fair in New York) yielded a material that particularly served the allied war effort. Nylon was used extensively in tire reinforcement, parachute fabric, as well as in everyday products such as toothbrushes and women s stockings. Engineering thermoplastics such as polycarbonate by comparison are a more recent development, with commercialization by General Electric Company around 1958. 

Several approaches to compatibilizing PPE blends with commercial polyolefins (polypropylene, etc.) have been reported in the literature (Lee 1990 Kirkpatrick et al. 1989). Simultaneous compatibilization and impact modification of PPE/polypropylene blends was achieved by choosing selected types of styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene block copolymers and PPE resin of low molecular weight (Akkapeddi and VanBuskirk 1992). A family of PPE/polypropylene alloys were commercially launched by G.E. in 2001, under the Noryl PPX trade name, and these are now sold by Sabic. Typical properties of a commercial PPE/PP blend are shown in Table 19.32. These PPE/PP blends are claimed to offer a balance of cost and performance between the TPOs and other higher-cost engineering thermoplastics such as nylons, modified PET, and PBT resins. Basically, the PPE/PP blends offer a balance of key properties stiffness, toughness, chemical, and heat resistance. 

Even PE, PP and polyvinyl chloride resins, still the most commonly used thermoplastic polymeric materials with wood, have low thermal stability above 200 °C. However, their inherently undesirable mechanical properties, such as the creep-resistant properties of the polyolefin matrix, have impeded further applications of the wood plastic composites (WPG) as structural composite materials. In attempts to overcome these drawbacks, attention has been given to the silane-crosslinking of wood/PE composites [38], the use of high-performance engineering thermoplastics such as Nylon 6 [39] as a single polymeric matrix, the modification of the matrix by incorporation of organoclay [40], and stretching wood/PP composites [41]. 

Polypropylene and nylon Reactive intermediate in making polyester and epoxy flame retardant resins Polyolefins, ABS, polyesters Thermosets and thermoplastics Urethane foams and polyesters Plastic foams and polyester fibers Thermoplastics usually as a synergist Engineering thermoplastics Glass reinforced nylon and PBT... 

Vibration welding is ideally suited to parts injection molded or extruded in engineering thermoplastics as well as acetal, nylon, polyethylene, ionomer, and acrylic resins. Almost any thermoplastic can be vibration welded. Unlike other welding methods, vibration welding is applicable to crystalline or amorphous or filled. 

Pentabromobenzyl acrylate (developed for engineering thermoplastics and now in full production by Dead Sea Bromine Group) can be polymerized or copolymerized in the extruder, giving UL 94 V-O ratings without loss of physical or mechanical properties in host resins such as nylon 6 and 66, PBT, and... 

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