Pollutants factors affecting

The second example of an air pollutant that affects the total body burden is carbon monoxide (CO). In addihon to CO in ambient air, there are other sources for inhalation. People who smoke have an elevated CO body burden compared to nonsmokers. Individuals indoors may be exposed to elevated levels of CO from incomplete combustion in heating or cooking stoves. CO gas enters the human body by inhalation and is absorbed directly into the bloodstream the total body burden resides in the circulatory system. The human body also produces CO by breakdown of hemoglobin. Hemoglobin breakdown gives every individual a baseline level of CO in the circulatory system. As the result of these factors, the body burden can fluctuate over a time scale of hours. 

Outdoor inhalation exposure is mainly due to traffic, energy production, heating, and natural factors such as pollen and mineral dusts. These outdoor sources of pollution also affect indoor air quality. The indoor concentration is typically 20-70% of the corresponding outdoor concentration. Occasionally the indoor concentrations of an external pollutant (especially radon) may even exceed the concentrations outdoors. ... 

Delle Site, A. (2001) Factors affecting sorption of organic compounds in natural sorbent/water systems and sorption coefficients for selected pollutants. A review. J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 30, 187-439. 

Pastor D, Sanpera C, Gonzalez-Solis J, Ruiz X, Albaiges J (2004) Factors affecting the organochlorine pollutant load in biota of a rice field ecosystem (Ebro delta, NE Spain). Chemosphere 55(4) 567-576... 

Schaefer, C.H. and E.F. Dupras, Jr. 1970. Factors affecting the stability of Dursban in polluted waters. Jour. Econ. Entomol. 63 701-705. 

This section focuses on (1) a discussion of the overall process of biodegradation, (2) a review of the different types, aspects and phases of biodegradation of several classes of organic pollutants, (3) an examination of the environmental factors affecting biodegradation and biotransformation mechanisms, and (4) a description of the different biodegradation and biotransformation pathways. 

It is often difficult to predict the fate of a pollutant in an interfacial microenvironment because the interactions between the microbial, chemical, and physical components of the environment are still not well understood. The total microbial activity at aqueous-solid phase interfaces depends on a variety of factors, such as numbers of microbes, available nutrients, environmental conditions, and pollutant chemical structure. The impact of some of the most important factors affecting microbial activity, with the implicit understanding that microbial activity can be inhibited by any one of these factors, will be discussed in the present sections. 

Ting, I. P., and W. M. Dugger, Jr. Factors affecting ozone sensitivity and susceptibility of cotton plants. J. Air Pollut. Control Assoc. 18 810-813, 19M. 

It is important to note that pollutants rarely affect a single factor or parameter. To that effect, chemical-based criteria by themselves cannot sufficiently predict the... 

Deal J, Tang Y, GongY, ZhangJ, Sun Y (1991) Factors affecting the relationship between the N-BOD values and the amounts of nitrogen pollutants A field study on the Lee river. Water Res 25 485-489... 

What, then, constitutes an appropriate solvent for green chemistry Fundamentally, it must be a solvent, which allows completion of the task, but in an environmentally conscious manner. Environmental toxicity is a key factor affecting choice of solvents. These chemicals should be minimally toxic to human health and the environment, and should not contribute to pollution (DeVito, 1996a). The considerations for what constitutes a safe solvent might be summarized as follows ... 

Host plant preferences of insect pests are often Influenced by environmental conditions. The effects of plant stress on susceptibility to Insect attack have been obseirved in many crop plants. Stress factors affecting the physiological state of the plant Include drought, disease, chemical pollutants, and high salt concentrations. Profound... 

The next decade will see both economic and environmental factors affecting process selection and operation. Within the refineries, there is a need to manage effluent streams carefully to reduce the release of pollutants. At the same time, there is a need to remove from products the precursors of pollutants that would otherwise be released during intended use. These requirements combine to place a double burden on the refineries. 

Nelson, P. O., Chung, A. K., and Hudson, M. C. (1981). Factors affecting the fate of heavy metals in the activated sludge process. J. Water Pollut. Control Fed. 53, 1323-1333. 

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