Factors affecting sorption

Delle Site, A. (2001) Factors affecting sorption of organic compounds in natural sorbent/water systems and sorption coefficients for selected pollutants. A review. J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 30, 187-439. 

Surface Groups. Another factor affecting sorption characteristics is the chemical nature of the adsorbing surfaces. Solid sorbent surfaces may contain hydroxyl or phenyl groups, acid or base groups, or even reactive groups such as olefins. Polarities also... 

Many factors potentially can affect the distribution of an organic chemical between an aqueous and solid phase. These include environmental variables, such as temperature, ionic strength, dissolved organic matter concentration, and the presence of colloidal material, and surfactants and cosolvents. In addition, factors related specifically to the experimental determination of sorption coefficients, such as sorbent and solid concentrations, equilibration time, and phase separation technique, can also be important. A brief discussion of several of the more important factors affecting sorption coefficients follows. 

The extent to which a chemical is adsorbed or desorbed can generally be rationalized within the frameworks of solution and surface chemistry. Internal and external factors affecting sorption and/or desorption can be distinguished (Harter and Naidu, 2001). Examples of the first category are ... 

The composition of the sample has a dramatic influence on extraction. Solid samples can differ significantly in their physico-chemical properties, the type of compounds they contain and their degree of granulation (particle size). These factors affect sorption and retention of analytes. 

Fig. 1. Factors affecting sorption, adapted from Osajima and Matsui [30],...

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