Green Chemistry: Fundamentals and

Still on books and didactic material, a relevant example is the book Green Chemistry Fundamentals and Methods, which is solely about GC and summarizes thematic indexes, academic initiatives and industrial applications of GC in Brazil. 

Ameta, C., Ameta, K. L., Sharma, B. K., Ameta, R. (2014) Microwave-assisted Organic Synthesis A Need of the Day. In Green Chemistry Fundamentals and Application, Ameta, S. C., Ameta, R. (Eds.) New Jersey Apple Academic Press, 283-215. 

Dr. Cbetna Ameta is Assistant Professor of Chemistry at Sukhadia University, Udaipur, india. With 16 research papers to her credit, she has aiso contributed a chapter to the book Green Chemistry Fundamentals and Applications, pubiished by Appie Academic Press, inc. She was a recipient of a Junior Research Feiiowship (JRF) and a Senior Research Feiiowship (SRF) from the indian University Grants Commission (UGC). 

What, then constitutes an appropriate solvent for green chemistry Fundamentally, it must be a solvent which allows the chemist to accomplish his or her task, but in an environmentally conscious manner. The modem chemist is expected to consider toxicity as part of the key elements affecting choice of solvents, so that they are minimally toxic to human health and the environment, and disposed of in ways that do not contribute to pollution (DeVito, 1996). The considerations for what constitutes a safe solvent might contain some of the following considerations ... 

Manahan, S.E., Green Chemistry Fundamentals of Chemical Science and Technology, ChemChar, Columbia, MO, 2002. 

In this chapter, we focus on current efforts to apply various eatalysts in the conversion of lignocellulosie biomass molecules into liquid fuels. From the viewpoint of the fundamental chemistry, we discuss the main ehemical processes and reaction mechanisms for specific biomass conversion methods, as well as the typical catalysts that are used. Since these biomass eatalysts are used to perform green chemistry [ie., produce renewable energy) we ean also call them green catalysts. We hope that this chapterwill serve as a tutorial for green chemistry education, and inspire researchers to design more efficient, robust, low-cost and sustainable catalytic approaches. This chapter does not intend to serve as a comprehensive account for all the catalysts used for lignocellulosie biomass conversion. 

One of the fundamental and most important principles of Green Chemistry is that of atom economy. This essentially is a measure of how many atoms of reactants end up in the final product and how many end up in byproducts or waste. The percentage atom economy can be calculated as 100 times the relative molecular mass (RMM) of all atoms used to make wanted product divided by the RMM of all reactants. Box 1.2. The real benefit of atom economy is that it can be calculated at the reaction planning stage from a balanced reaction equation. Taking the following theoretical reaction ... 

The writing of this book was undertaken because it was intended to be the first work that solely focuses on chemistry, and what appropriate metrics for Green Chemistry might be. We hope the book provides an up-to-date and authoritative text on the current development of environmental concepts in chemical technologies from clean and green to sustainable development. We also think it provides up-to-date information on the problems of metrics fundamental aspects of metrics, practical realisations and real-world case study examples. The concepts and approaches of metrics are related to the fundamental problems in chemistry and the main focus is on the use of metrics to promote the development and implementation of green chemistry and technology solutions. 

Green chemistry aims to design the hazards out of chemical products and processes, including solvents. With ionic liquids, you do not have the same concerns as you have with, for example, volatile organic solvents, which can contribute to air pollution. Ionic liquid chemistry is a very new area that is not only extremely interesting from a fundamental chemistry point of view, but could also have a very large impact on industry. 

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