Polishing solvent

Special oils are obtained after the motor fuels during distillation. These oils are used for lighter fuel, dry cleaning, solvents for cleaning, wax, polish, solvents for paint and solvents for rubber. 

CAS 111-77-3 EINECS/ELINCS 203-906-6 Uses Solvent for coatings incl. nongrain-raising wood stains, printing inks, dye pastes for textiles coalescing aid tor PVAc latex paints solvent in stamp pad and stencil inks diluent tor hydraulic brake fluids deicer in jet fuel deactivator in pesticides coalescent for floor polishes solvent in cosmetics... 

Uses Lubricant for rubber molds, textile fibers, metalworking fluids in foods and food pkg. humectant, solvent in cosmetics hair preps. in gas chromatography in lacquers paints paper coatings polishes solvent for nitrocellulose plasticizer binder in ceramic pastes, print-... 

Uses Plasticizer, emulsifier, and coalescent for acrylic latexes, styrene-acrylic floor polishes solvent for polymers, insecticides, veterinary medicine selective solvent (acet ene, acrylonitrile prod.) process solvent (phamraceuticals) specialty inks monomer for nylon-4 pharmaceutical solubilizer, intermediate synthesis of piracetam treatment of cerebral distress... 

Solvent green 3 Solvent orange 2 Solvent yellow 14 dye, fibers Basic orange 2 dye, fibers textiles Direct blue 15 dye, floor polishes Solvent yellow 14 dye, fluorescent cytochemistry Basic orange 14... 

Cyclopentanone, 2,5-bis [[4-(diethylamino) phenyl] methylene]-, (2E.5E)- 3-[(1-Ethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6-quinolinyl) methylene]-2,3-dihydro-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one dye, shoe creams Acid blue 15 Acid orange 24 dye, shoe polishes Solvent yellow 14 dye, silk... 

The different types of furniture pohshes include hquid or paste solvent waxes, clear oil pohshes, emulsion oil pohshes, emulsion wax pohshes, and aerosol or spray pohshes (3). Nonwoven wipes impregnated with pohsh ingredients have been targeted at consumers who do not wish to expend the time to dust before polishing (11). Compilations of representative formulas are given in References 3, 4, 12, and 13. Paste waxes contain ca 25 wt % wax, the remainder being solvent. Clear oil pohshes contain 10—15 wt % oil and a small amount of wax, the rest being solvent. Aerosol or spray products may contain 2—5 wt % of a sihcone polymer, 1—3 wt % wax, 0—30 wt % hydrocarbon solvent, and ca 1 wt % emulsifier. The remainder is water. 

Use of a shoe poHsh imparts high gloss, maintains the supple hand of the leather (qv), and increases the weather resistance of the leather (3,57—59). Three general types of poHshes are produced solvent pastes, self-polishing Hquids, and emulsion creams. Solvent pastes represent ca 60% of the market (58). 

Dew-Point Method The dew point of wet air is measured directly by observing the temperature at which moisture begins to form on an artificially cooled polished surface. The polished surface is usually cooled by evaporation of a low-boihng solvent such as ether, by vaporization of a condensed permanent gas such as carbon dioxide or liquid air, or by a temperature-regulated stream of water. 

The largest user of phenol in the form of thermosetting resins is the plastics industry. Phenol is also used as a solvent and in the manufacture of intermediates for pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and dyestuffs. Styrene is used in the manufacture of synthetic rubber and polystyrene resins. Phthalic anhydride is used in the manufacture of DMT, alkyd resins, and plasticizers such as phthalates. Maleic anhydride is used in the manufacture of polyesters and, to some extent, for alkyd resins. Minor uses include the manufacture of malathion and soil conditioners. Nitrobenzene is used in the manufacture of aniline, benzidine, and dyestuffs and as a solvent in polishes. Aniline is used in the manufacture of dyes, including azo dyes, and rubber chemicals such as vulcanization accelerators and antioxidants. 

The simplest and most thoroughly studied solutions are those based on phosphoric acid at low temperatures (<35°C) which alone can fulfil all three requirements of acid solvent, film former (as metal phosphate) and diffusion agent by virtue of its viscosity. Thus copper and its main alloys of brasses and bronzes can be very effectively electropolished in 60-70% orthophos-phoric acid with the temperature maintained below 35°C under other conditions copper passivates or dissolves freely under mass transfer controlled conditions, but by varying the conditions appropriately polishing can be continued under mild agitation. An annotated polarisation curve is given in Fig. 11.7 readers are referred to recent studies for more detailed 2ispects " . 

Acetone (bp = 56°C) is completely water-soluble and dissolves a wide variety of organic compounds as well. Accordingly, it is one of the most important industrial solvents. You may be most familiar with it as the solvent in nail polish. 

Esters are important substances. The esters of the low molecular weight acids and alcohols have fragrant, fruit-like odors and are used in perfumes and artificial flavorings. Esters are useful solvents this is the reason they are commonly found in model airplane dope and fingernail polish remover. 

Luo et al. [1,153] used a slurry containing ultra-fine diamond (UFD) powders to polish the surface of HDD sliders. The powders are from 3 nm to 18 nm in diameter and 90 % around 5 nm. They are crystal and sphere-like [154]. The pH value of the slurry is kept in the range from 6.0 to 7.5 in order to avoid the corrosion of read-write heads, especially pole areas. A surface-active agent is added into the slurry to decrease the surface tension of the slurry to 22.5 Dyn/cm, and make it spread on the polish plate equably. An anti-electrostatic solvent is also added to the slurry to avoid the magnetoresistance (MR) head being destroyed by electrostatic discharge. The anion concentration of the slurry is strictly controlled in ppb level so as to avoid the erosion of magnetic heads as shown in Table 5. The concentration of UFDs in the slurry is 0.4 wt %. 

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