Pluronic®

Figure C2.3.12. Two-dimensional neutron scattering by EOggPO gEOgg (Pluronic F88) micellar solution under shear witli (a) tlie sample shear axis parallel to tlie beam, and (b) tlie sample rotated 35° around tlie vertical axis. Reflections for several of tlie Miller indices expected for a bee lattice are annotated. Reproduced by pennission from figure 4 of [84]-...

Poly(Oxyethylene-coOxypropylene) Nonionic Surfactants. A great variety of these surfactants is marketed by BASE Corporation under the Pluronic polyol trademark. The synthesis foUows ... 

Certain block copolymers have also found appHcation as surfactants (88). Eor example, AB or ABA block copolymers in which one block is hydrophilic and one block is hydrophobic have proven useful for emulsifying aqueous and non-aqueous substances and for wetting the surface of materials. Examples of such surfactants are the poly(propylene oxide- /oi / -ethylene oxide) materials, known as Pluronics (BASC Wyandotte Co.). 

Pluronic L62 is a poly(oxyethylene)—poly(oxypropylene)—poly(oxyethylene) copolymer marketed by BASF AG. 

Block copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, less hydrophilic than poly(oxyethylene) glycol and more reactive than the propylene oxide polymers, were introduced by Wyandotte Chemical (USA) under the trade name Pluronic. 

The poloxamers manufactured by BASF (Cheadle, UK) are known as Pluronic PE block copolymers those manufactured by ICl (Cleveland, UK) as Synperonic PE nonionic surfactants. 

Pluronic and Tetronic Surfactants, BASF Technical Literature (1989). 

Formulation(s) mixture of perfluamine, perflunafene (3 7), pluronic F-68, yolk phospholipids, glycerol (20 %... 

Gogolewski et al. " combined Pluronic F-68(poly(ethylene-propylene-ethylene oxide) with PCL within the same soft segment. BD or 2-amino-l-butanol was used as the chain extender and HDI as the hard segment. They observed that all the materials calcified and calcification increased with material hydrophilicity. The stmcture and composition of the calcium crystals formed on the materials depended on the PU chemistry. 

Porous membranes have been prepared by leaching an additive from films and tubes of PCL (64,72). The procedure involves extrusion or casting blends of PCL and Pluronic F68, the latter being an FDA-approved oxyethylene-co-oxypropylene triblock copolymer. Treatment of the phase-separated blend with aqueous acetone or aqueous alcohols causes both swelling of the polymer and extraction of the Pluronic F68. The induced pore size and void volume may be controlled by the time, temperature, and solvent composition. 

In view of the importance of the particle/bubble contact, it may be assumed that the stress acting on the particles during gas sparging is determined by electrostatic interactions as well as by hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions, which are determined by the nature of the liquid/solid system. The use of Pluronic as additive leads to the reduction of destruction process [44,47] possibly due to less bubble/floc contact which is also described by Meier et. al. [67]. 

The structure of these gel-like systems of micelles is very different from that of conventional electrophoresis media made from chemically and physically cross-linked polymers of polyacrylamide and agarose [75], The absence of chemical or physical cross-links in the Pluronic gel-like phases may allow a larger degree of freedom for macromolecular transport around the obstacles that make up the medium than occurs in conventional electrophoresis media. 

Hadden, DA, Master of Science Thesis, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 1999. Hadden, D Rill, RL McFadden, L Locke, BR, Oligonucleotide and Water Self-Diffusion in Pluronic Triblock Copolymer Gels and Solutions by Pulsed Field Gradient Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Macromolecules 33, 4235, 2000. 

Mortensen, K Tahnon, Y, Cryo-TEM and Sans Microstructural Smdy of Pluronic Polymer Solutions, Macromolecules 28, 8829, 1995. 

Rill, RL Liu, Y Van Winkle, DH Locke, BR, Pluronic Copolymer Liquid Crystals Unique, Replaceable Media for Capillary Gel Electrophoresis, Journal of Chromatography A817, 287, 1998. 

Rill, RL Ramey, BA Van Winkle, DH Locke, BR, Capillary Gel Electrophoresis of Nucleic Acids in Pluronic F127 Copolymer Liquid Crystals, Chromatographia Supplement I, Vol 49, S65, 1999. 

Yiu, Y Locke, BR Van Winkle, DH Rill, RL, Optimizing Capillary Gel Electrophoretic Separations of Oligonucleotides in Liquid Crystalline Pluronic F127, Journal of Chromatography A817, 367, 1998. 

Polyoxyethylerie-polyoxypropylene block copolymers (Pluronics or Poloxamer) 29.0... 

T. O. Park, S. Cohen, and R. Langer, Controlled protein release from polyethyleneimine-coated poly(l-lactic acid)/pluronic blend matrices, Pharm. Res, 9, 37 (1992). 

A device designed to determine the transport of an epidermal growth factor from a Pluronic gel, a Carbopol gel, and a vanishing cream base was shown capable of demonstrating formulation-dependent release kinetics [22], This device consists of a release cell which has a membrane to minimize release due to mechanical breakdown and is placed in a stirred and temperature-controlled receptor fluid. 

In vivo, SWNTs individually dispersed by Pluronic F108NF were demonstrated to be nontoxic after intratracheal administration to mice, whereas aggregated SWNTs caused granuloma-like structures with mild fibrosis in the lungs of the treated animals [39]. 

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