Pluronic acid

Polyaniline has also been blended with pluronic acids—poly(ethylene oxide)—poly(propylene oxide)— poly(ethylene oxide) triblock copolymers [27], which have been used in a range of medical and pharmaceutical products. As with all composite materials containing two discrete phases, the issue of phase segregation over time needs to be considered. 

Fluo-4 dye/pluronic acid solution Combine equal volumes of the following two stock solutions ... 

Dilute Fluo-4 dye/pluronic acid to a working solution of 8 (iM dye (a dilution of 1 in 125). 

Rill, RL Ramey, BA Van Winkle, DH Locke, BR, Capillary Gel Electrophoresis of Nucleic Acids in Pluronic F127 Copolymer Liquid Crystals, Chromatographia Supplement I, Vol 49, S65, 1999. 

T. O. Park, S. Cohen, and R. Langer, Controlled protein release from polyethyleneimine-coated poly(l-lactic acid)/pluronic blend matrices, Pharm. Res, 9, 37 (1992). 

Fig. 17.11. Bottom CGE separation of components of poly U (sigma) in 25% pluronic F127. Top Note the resolution of two contaminants between each of the oligonucleotides from about 15 to 27 nucleotides long in this expanded section of the bottom electropherogram. Electrophoresis was performed in 25% pluronic F127 in tris-borate-EDTA buffer (90 mM tris, 90 mM boric acid, 2 mM Na EDTA, pH 8.3.) (25°C, 500 V cm-1, effective column length 30 cm). Reprinted with permission from Ref. [82],...

Pluronic-gpolyacrylic acid copolymers PMMA-based polymers... 

Alakhov, V., etal., Pluronic block copolymers and Pluronic poly(acrylic acid) microgels in oral delivery of megestrol acetatd, Pharm. Pharmacol., 56, 1233, 2004. 

Morishita, M., et al. 2001. Pluronic F-127 gels incorporating highly purified unsaturated fatty acids for buccal delivery of insulin. Int J Pharm 212 289. 

Polymeric micelles formed by Pluronics, PEG phospholipid conjugates, PEG-b-polyesters, or PEG-b-poly-L-amino acids were proposed for drug delivery of poorly water-soluble compounds, such as amphotericin B, propofol, paclitaxel, and photosensitizers [77,86,87]. It was also emphasized that using polymeric micelles can significantly increase the drug transport into the brain. 

Another area in which smart hydrogels are likely to find application is the development of more efficient drug delivery systems. One material that has showed promise in this held is called Pluronic-PAA. Its trade name is Smart Hydrogel . The material is a mixture of two polymers, one of which is poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), which attaches readily to other biological materials and is responsive to changes in pH. The other polymer is a copolymer of poly(propylene oxide) (PPO) and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO). This copolymer belongs to a family of polymers known by the trade name of Pluronic polymers. 

Sterile air was supplied at 1,200 liters per minute. Antifoam was added in 25 ml amounts as required. (10% Pluronic L81 in soybean oil). The fermentation was controlled at 26°C until a maximum yield of clavulanic acid was obtained between 3-5 days when 200-300 ng/ml of clavulanic acid were produced. 

The most frequently used ionic SDAs are again CTAB/CTAC, OTAB/OTAC as well as hexadecylpyridinium bromide/chloride (CPB/CPC), whereby the syntheses are carried out under basic conditions, and most commonly surfactants of the Pluronic and Brij type 86 are used as nonionic SDAs under acidic conditions. In rare cases also Gemini surfactants or long alkyl chained ionic liquids were applied as SDAs, whereby an ethane-bridged PMO with a Fm-3m symmetry was successfully prepared for the first time.88... 

Cell-protecting additives, such as Pluronic F-68, are commonly included as a media component to reduce cell damage in gas-sparged, agitated cultures. Despite the value of Pluronic F-68 in protecting cells, there is a potential problem in that Pluronic may have some cytosolic effects it may reduce the yield of the producer cell line in culture and there is a possibility of complexation or co-purification with a cell product. The replacement of Pluronic with fatty acids, as well as being positive for the half-lives and production of cultured cell lines, provides an alternative method to protect producer cells in agitated cultures (Butler et al., 1999). 

Lipids also can be beneficial for cells in culture, since some substances absorbed by the cells need to be solubilized in lipids, or in some cases the toxicity of compounds may be reduced by complexation with lipids. The absence of essential lipids such as linoleic acid, lecithin, cholesterol, ethanolamine, or phosphorylcholine can result in the decrease of cloning efficiency and in reduction in the size of colonies, as shown for insect cells by Echalier (1997). However, one of the difficulties in supplying lipids at reasonable concentrations is their low solubility. To circumvent this limitation, lipids can be emulsified with complexing agents such as Pluronic F68 or cyclodextrin (Maiorella et al., 1998). 

Poly( ethylene oxide)-block-poly (propylene oxide)-hZock-poly(ethylene oxide)-g-poly(acrylic acid) (PEO-fc-PPO-fc-PEO-g-PAA, Pluronic-PAA) graft copolymers were synthesized by free radical grafting copolymerization of acrylic acid monomers onto PEO-h-PPO-h-PEO (Pluronic F127) and the aqueous solution properties were characterized by Bromberg [133, 134]. Chiu et al. [135] reported on the micellization of (non-ionic) poly(stearyl methacrylate)-gra/f-poly(ethylene glycol) graft copolymers. 

---