Plot Plan Arrangement

This chapter has highlighted some of the principal features involved in the arrangement of process equipment with regard to operation, maintenance, constructibility, safety, and economics. Subsequetii chapters deal with the needs of each equipment item in more detail, thereby offering greater insight to proper equipment location on a plot plan. 

Compressor machines are used to increase the pressure of a gas by mechanically reducing its volume within its case. Air is most frequently compressed, but natural gas, oxygen, and nitrogen are also compressed Positive-displacement, centrifugal, and axial compressors are the three most common types used in process facilities and pipeline stations. They can handle large volumes of gas in relatively small equipment and may have a variety of drives (e.g., elearic motors and steam or gas turbines). 

Exhibit 4-1 shows a surface condenser mounted directly below the turbine. This arrangement is used when the condenser is designed to service only one steam turbine. The arrangement shown in Exhibit 4-2 is generally used when several turbines are exhausting into one condenser. Exhibit 4-3 shows the various compressor systems and their reciprocals. 

Centrifugal and reciprocating compressors and their drives require a variety of auxiliary equipment to support their operation. The equipment for these compressors is described in the following seaions. 

Lube oil consoles Compressor bearings receive lubricating oil from the lube oil console (Exhibit 4-4). These consoles may either stand alone or be mounted 

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Definitive and/or appropriation type estimates can be developed in four or six hours with the information normally provided in a Phase 1 package, i.e., P ID s, equipment list, plot plans, arrangement drawings, and single line electrical diagram. 

The auxiliary and utility flow diagrams are laid out according to a plot plan arrangement. The schematic form is not used for these diagrams. 

The advantages of this type of arrangement are the small amount of real estate required for the plant and the ability to house the facility to suit process requirements or climate conditions. The disadvantages are in the operator and maintenance access and in the construction of the plant. Exhibit 3-8 shows a npical structure-mounted vertical plot plan arrangement. 

The final step in the plot plan arrangement is to space equipment and supporting facilities for operator and maintenance access, safety, piping flexibility and support, and platforming requirements. At this stage, the layout designer must rely on experience because the final information is not available for calculating... 

The basic blocks with which to build an arrangement for plot plans are often used in the unit area concept. This method of planning is particularly well adapted to large plant layouts. Unit areas are often delineated by means of distinct process phases and operational procedures by the presence or absence of contamination and by safety requirements. Thus, the determination of the shape and extent of a unit area and the interrelationships of each area in a... 

Cyclone separator with separate catch tank This type of blowdown system, shown in Figs. 23-52 and 23-53, is frequently used in chemical plants where plot plan space is limited. The cyclone performs the vapor-liquid separation, while the catch tank accumulates the liquid from the cyclone. This arrangement allows location of the cyclone knockout drum close to the reactor so that the length of the relief device discharge line can be minimized. The cyclone lias internals, vital to its proper operation, which are discussed in the following subsections. 

Typical Definition Phase (FEL-3) Deliverables These are listed below. In this phase, emphasis is typically on optimizing the best flow scheme and support systems combination. This optimum includes consideration of the plot plan and equipment arrangements for the entire facility. Process optimization cannot be done in isolation. Significant and continuous interaction with operations, maintenance, and construction... 

Figures 5.4 and 5.5 show typical elevation and plot plan section sketches of horizontal air-cooled exchangers. The essential components are one or more tube sections, called tube bundles, and one or more axial flow fans, all enclosed in a structural module made to anchor footings into concrete or to stand on an offshore platform. As shown, one fan may serve more than one tube bundle. A bay may be made up of multiple tube bundles and may also be served by one or more fans. Most important is the fact that one exchanger may be composed of any number of tube bundles. Tube bundles may be arranged in series or in parallel, just like shell/tube bundles.

Plot plan or equipment and main piping layout and pertinent elevation drawings, including surface drainage arrangements. ... 

Basic design - approved P ID s, plot plans, and equipment arrangements. 

Plot size - from plot plans and arrangement drawings. 

Plot plans and equipment arrangements showing at least the outline of the required supporting structures. 

If plot plans and equipment arrangements are not available, the estimator should be able to develop preliminary ones with the aid of Section 6.4. 

Piping - Use P ID s, Plot Plans, and arrangement drawings to develop take-offs as follows ... 

Provide project engineering and constructability input to plot plans and equipment arrangement options. 

Figure 7-6 shows a plan of the feed gas compressor area for a 200,000 tons per year ethylene unit. Main pipe runs are also shown. It is an In-Line-Layout with equipment in process flow sequence. The large diameter gas lines directly interconnect process equipment. On the complete plot plan, equipment (including compressors) is arranged on both sides of a central yard in process flow sequence. Pumps are located at their point of suction and are lined up under the yard. A parallel road is arranged to every line of equipment for convenient construction and maintenance access. 

The probability of a turbine missile strike on any given area of the Nuclear Island is a function of the energy and direction of an ejected missile and the orientation of the turbine with respect to that area. The turbine-generator is arranged so that the planes of rotation of the turbine disks do not intersect any structures, systems, or components required to function to meet lOCFRlOO limits, thus minimizing the probability of adverse effects from a turbine missile. The orientation of the turbine is shown on the plot plan, Figure 1.3-1. 

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