Pleura, peritoneum

Asbestos Lung, pleura, peritoneum Miners, manufacturers, users... 

Ascoli V, Facciolo F, Rahimi S, et al. 1996. Concomitant malignant mesothelioma of the pleura, peritoneum, and tunica vaginalis testis. Diagn Cytopathol 14 243-248. 

Germ cell neoplasms are common in pediatric patients as well as young adults. Seminomas are occasionally found in malignant effusions in pleura, peritoneum, and hydrocele sac." Dysgerminoma is the female counterpart of the seminoma and rarely presents in effusions. These tumors can occur as pure tumors or as mixed tumors with other germ cell tumors, and they have potential to metastasize. Cell blocks have been proven to be a useful tool in the immunohistochemical studies performed to diagnose and differentiate components of mixed germ cell tumors. 

ABSORPTION, DISTRIBUTION, AND EXCRETION Gastrointestinal (Gl) absorption of amphotericin B is negligible and intravenous dehvery is used. Amphotericin B in plasma is >90% bound to proteins. Drag elimination apparently is unchanged in anephiic patients and those on hemodialysis. Hepatic or biliary disease has no known effect on drag metabolism in humans. The terminal phase of elimination has a tj, of 15 days. Concentrations of amphotericin B in fluids from inflamed pleura, peritoneum, synovium, and aqueous humor are approximately two-thirds of plasma trough concentrations. Little amphotericin B penetrates into cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), vitreous humor, or amniotic fluid. 

HERMAN AG, CLAEYS M, MONCADA S, VANE JR Biosynthesis of prostacyclin (PGI2) and 12L-hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic acid (HETE) by pericardium, pleura, peritoneum and aorta of the rabbit. Prostaglandins 18 439 - 453, 1979. 

Mansonellaperstans adult worms five encysted in various peritoneal tissues (eg, pericardium, pleura, and peritoneum). Af. perstans microfilariae are not affected by diethylcarbama2ine but mebenda2ole has been successful in treating Af. perstans filariasis (33). 

Asbestos Respiratory tract - carcinoma Pleura and peritoneum -mesothelioma Gastrointestinal tract - carcinoma... 

An estrogen dependent disorder characterized by the presence of uterine tissue at sites other than the uterus such as the peritoneum, ovaries and rectovaginal and rarely in the pericardium, pleura and brain. 

Malignant mesothelioma, described more than 100 years ago, is a comparatively rare tumor that occurs in the pleura and peritoneum, membranes that surround the lungs, line the thoracic cavity, surround the gut, and line the abdominal cavity. The survival time of mesothelioma patients is often less than a year, in spite of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Combined therapy and surgical resection in cases of early diagnosis, a treatment currently being tested, has produced a few long-term (more than five years) survivors (Ant-man, et ah, 1980 Antman et ah, 1983), usually in cases with peritoneal rather than pleural involvement. 

Toxicology. Asbestos causes chronic fibrotic lung disease (asbestosis), pleural plaques and thickening, and cancers of the lungs, pleura, and peritoneum. 

Bronchogenic carcinoma and mesothelioma of the pleura and peritoneum are causally associated with asbestos exposure excesses of cancer of the stomach, colon, and rectum have also been observed. Among 632 asbestos workers observed from 1943 to 1967, there... 

Cresols are rapidly absorbed through the skin, producing systemic effects. About 20ml of a 90% cresol solution accidentally poured over an infant s head caused chemical burns, cyanosis, unconsciousness, and death within 4 hours. Histopathologic examination showed hepatic necrosis, cerebral edema, acute tubular necrosis of the kidneys, and hemorrhagic effusions from the peritoneum, pleura, and pericardium. The blood contained 12 mg cresol/lOOdl. 

Mesothelioma A minor of the mesothelium of the pleura, pericardium or peritoneum, arising as a result of the presence of asbestos bodies. A locally malignant spreading tumor diagnostic of exposure to asbestos. 

Asbestos Construction, asbestos mining and milling, production of frictinn products (brake Linings, etc.), and cement Pleura and bronchus (lungs) and peritoneum... 

Peritoneum Pleura Squamous epithelium (Mesothelium) Basement membrane Protects organs... 

The pleura and peritoneum are composed of a thin mesothelial cell lining that rests on a basement membrane and a thin layer of connective tissue that contains endothelium and smooth muscle cells (peritoneum) and fibroblasts (Figure 3.6). These cell linings are continuous with internal tissues that he beneath and also contract when the tension is released but not as much as cornea or skin. 

Figure 3.6. Structure of peritoneum and pleura. The peritoneum and pleura contain a thin mesothelial cell lining, a basement membrane, connective tissue, and smooth muscle cells.

Bladder - carcinoma Skin, lung, liver — carcinoma Respiratory tract — carcinoma Pleura and peritoneum -mesothelioma... 

M. L. Newhouse and H. Thomson, Mesothelioma of pleura and peritoneum following exposure to asbestos in the London area , British Journal of Industrial Medicine, 22 (1965), 261-9. 

Overview of Health Effects. Studies in humans and animals indicate that inhalation of asbestos fibers may lead to fibrotic lung disease (asbestosis), pleural plaques and thickening, and cancer of the lung, the pleura, and the peritoneum. It may also increase the risk of cancer at other sites, but the evidence is not strong. Significant effects on other tissues have not been detected. A number of researchers have found that the occurrence of asbestosis and lung cancer correlates with cumulative exposure (that is, the product of concentration [PCM fibers/mL] multiplied by years of exposure). Therefore, human exposures are expressed below as PCM f-yr/mL. Animal data are provided in terms of exposure level (PCM f/mL) and duration, and the cumulative exposure can be found simply by calculating the product. However, due to differences in clearance rates and lifespan as well as other differences, cumulative doses in animals are not expected to be directly comparable to cumulative doses in humans. Studies that provide reliable dose-... 

Jarvholm B, Sanden A. 1998. Lung cancer and mesothelioma in the pleura and peritoneum among Swedish insulation workers. Occup Environ Med 55 766-770. 

Eighty to ninety percent of patients diagnosed with mesothelioma report a history of occupational or environmental exposure to some form of asbestos (Attanoos and Gibbs 1997 Bianchi et al. 1997 Colt 1997 Roggli et al. 1997). Malignant mesothelioma is an aggressive and fatal cancer that is most often located in the pleura (90%) and sometimes in the peritoneum (6%-10%) (Attanoos and Gibbs 1997 Kelley 1998). In a review of 1,690 cases of mesothelioma associated with occupational exposure to asbestos, the authors reported that the median period of latency between initial exposure and detection was 32 years ... 

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