Plastics additives biocides

Markarian J. Steady growth predicted for biocides. Plastics Addit Compound [trade journal—Elsevier Ltd.] January/February 2006. 

Uses Solvent for cellulose gelling inhibitor in polyester resins intermediate phase transfer catalyst antistat in cosmetics surfactant catalyst plasticizer additive for toners and paper biocide Manuf./Disthb. Accord http //www.accordchem.com] Aceto http //www.aceto.com] Aldrich http //www.sigma-aidrich.com] Alfa Aesar http //www.aifa.com] Amyl http //www.amyi.com... 

The biocide must be both physically and chemically compatible with the polymer formulation. Most biocides work only at the surface of the plastic. For the biocide to be effective, it should be able to distribute within the plastic. The biocide must have sufficient solubility in the polymer matrix so that it can diffuse within the polymer to come to the surface, but not bloom at the surface. Blooming will result in premature loss of biological activity and possibly give rise to unacceptable risk of human and environmental exposure at the surface of the plastic article. Biocides that are chemically incompatible with the additives in the polymer can result in discoloration. In addition, chemical reactions between the biocide and some formulation ingredients can result in deactivation of the biocide. 

Rei, N. M., McEntee T. C. and Brophy J., 1992. Fungicides and Biocides. In Jesse Edenbaum (ed.). Plastics Additives and Modifiers Handbook, New York, Van Nostrand Reinhold. 

Additive which protects a plastics article against attack by bacteria, fungi, algae, moulds etc., which in most cases are a problem only where there are additives such as plasticizers present. Biocides come in several t3q>es - fungicides, bactericides etc. 

Uses Surfactant phase transfer catalyst catalyst antistat plasticizer additive for toners and paper biocide Tecwax240 [JLKInd.]... 

In order to accomplish with the aforementioned aim, during the first year of project, an extensive research on the different chemical additives used in six industrial sectors was conducted plastics, textiles, electronics, lubricants, leather, and paper. A list of selected chemical additives was identified for each sector and used as a study basis for the rest of the project. This is the case of the decabromo-diphenyl ether (BDE) used in electronics as a flame retardant or the triclosan used in the textile as a biocide. The results of this investigation were presented in the first volume of this book (Global Risk-Based Management of Chemical Additives I Production, Usage and Environmental Occurrence). This volume also included a section of case studies related to the selected additives in different countries (i.e., Denmark, Vietnam, Brazil, India). The main outcomes of the first part of the project are summarized below ... 

Examples Chemicals Biocides Cleaners Additives etc. Examples Structural materials Foodstuffs Plastics Durable goods... 

PVC is regarded as perhaps the most versatile thermoplastic resin, due to its ability to accept an extremely wide variety of additives Plasticizers, stabilizers, fillers, processing aids, impact modifiers, lubricants, foaming agents, biocides, pigments, reinforcements. .. 

By 2000, the alpha olefin market had grown to more than 3. billion pounds. Technology had brought down the cost of producing them and simultaneously, a broad range of applications for all the alpha olefins expanded rapidly—surfactants, synthetic lubricants, plasticizer alcohols, fatty acids, mercaptans, comonomers, biocides, paper and textile sizing, oil field chemicals, lube oil., additives, plastic processing aids, and cosmetics. 

Polyvinyl chloride is processed into a number of forms by including additives. Additives are used to vary the properties of PVC so that it can be made soft and flexible or hard and rigid. Additives are also used to inhibit decomposition as a result of exposure to sunlight, ozone, and chemicals. Plasticizers are the primary additive included in PVC materials. Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and a host of other phthalates are the most common plasticizers. Plasticizers impart flexibility, thermal stability, strength, and resilience to PVC compounds. PVCs without plasticizers are classified as UPVC the letters stand for unplasticized polyvinyl chloride. UPVC is rigid and used for conduit, containers, gutters, and floor tiles. Other common PVC additives are biocides, lubricants, and pigments. 

The method of addition is not conducive to good control, and therefore this oxidizer is suitable only for the smallest cooling systems. Due to the high chlorine content and rapid solubility, care should be exercised to ensure that the materials of construction can tolerate this biocide. (Often some galvanized packaged towers and plastic bottle towers are unsuitable.) Peak free chlorine reserves can easily exceed 2 to 3 ppm CI2 unless good control is exercised. 

Adhesives Organic and inorganic bases Coolants Cleaners colorants (pigments and dyes) Fragrances Inks Paints Plasticisers (e.g., in plastics) Polymers (rubbers and plastics) Sealants Solvents Stabilisers Synthetic fibres Varnishes Biocides Detergents Fertilisers Fuels Foodstuff additives and flavourings to foodstuffs Medicinal products (for humans and animals) Plant protection products Radioactive substances... 

Ba0-B203-H20, is used as a corrosion inhibitor in industrial paints and primers, a biocide in paints and plastics, and to a lesser extent as a fire retardant additive. It is generally manufactmed by reacting barium sulfate with a sodium tetraborate hydrate in water. Several other crystalhne hydrated barium borates are also known but have less industrial importance. 

Biocides are additives used in a variety of articles ineluding plasties. When used in plastics the annual bioeide sales volumes are in excess of 2,500 tons with a value of over 175 million (147). They are used traditionally to prevent degradation of the plastic itself or more reeently to impart an external anti-microbial or hygienic effect. They achieve this by killing or... 

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