Plasticized Polyurethanes

There are two methods to soften (plasticize) polyurethanes. The first is to use reactive plasticizers such as long-chain hydroxyl or amine-based materials, and the second is to use a compatible nonreactive plasticizer such as DIOP or Benzoflex 9-88. 

Systems can be designed to work in the 25 to 35°C temperature range. A catalyst is added to the part containing the curative. The amount of catalyst added must be adjusted to give the required gel and demold time. 

Similar systems can be developed with polyester prepolymers with the addition of an ester-based plasticizer. Polyesters are very much tougher than polyether so they make better, softer materials. One commercial system uses a blend of a short-chain triol with either MOCA or Ethacure 300, with the addition of some plasticizer for the very softest material. The most-used triol is Isonol 93, which is now known as Conap AH50. 

When adding reactive plasticizers to polyurethane systems, the reactivity of the plasticizer must also be taken into account when calculating the amount to be added. The formula to calculate the equivalent weight of the blend is given in Appendix 5. 

Nonreactive plasticizers are held within the structure of the polyurethane. On prolonged heating, they may slowly vaporize and the material will become harder. 

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Lest one be lulled into a false sense that, assuming that the JKR theory properly describes particle adhesion within its regime, DeMejo et al. [56] also reported that, for soda-lime glass particles with radii less than about 5 p.m, the contact radius varied, not as the predicted but, rather, as Similar results were reported for other systems including polystyrene spheres on polyurethane [58], as shown in Fig. 2, and for glass particles having radii between about 1 and 100 p,m on a highly compliant, plasticized polyurethane substrate [59] as illustrated in Fig. 3. 

The use of special elastomer plastics (polyurethanes, silicones, etc.) designed ex-... 

To demonstrate the fungistatic activity in another type of plastic polyurethane foams, equipped with different concentrations of OIT, have been investigated. Results of the NSA test on those samples are listed in table 2. 

The C02 thus acts as a substitute for the petroleum production of plastics. Polyurethanes are used to produce a wide range of everyday applications. When they are used for the insulation of buildings, the polyurethane saves about 80% more energy than it consumes during production. Light weight polymers are used in the automotive industry, upholstered furniture... 

Another use of acetone in the chemical industry is for bisphenol A ( ). BPA results form the condensation reaction of acetone and phenol in the presence of an appropriate catalyst. BPA is used in polycarbonate plastics, polyurethanes, and epoxy resins. Polycarbonate plastics are tough and durable and are often used as a glass substitute. Eyeglasses, safety glasses, and varieties of bullet-proof glass are made of polycarbonates. Additional... 

Preparation of Plasticized Polyurethane Compositions. The procedure given immediately above was repeated, except that 10.5 grams of butylcyclohexyl phthalate (BCPH) were added to the original mixture as a plasticizer, and 0.5 gram of di-p-phenylphenylenediamine and 0.05 gram of ferric acetonylacetonate were used as catalysts. The properties of the resulting cured polymer are given in Table I (sample 4). 

Blowing agents for plastics, polyurethane foams as Freon substitutes. For example, t.butyl methyl pyrocarbonate (R = methyl, R = t. butyl) was claimed as a foaming agent added during processing of polymers to achieve a cellular structure by liberation of carbon dioxide (Ref. 40). 

Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) With PVC plasticizer migration to the adhesive bond line can cause difficulties, especially in the softer, highly plasticized materials. Adhesives must be tested for their ability to resist the plasticizer. Nitrile-rubber adhesives are resistant to plasticizers. Polyurethanes and neoprenes are also used. Even rigid PVC contains up to 5% plasticizer. Most vinyl materials are fairly easy to... 

A further example of the new materials research being done on RIM processable polymers are the high modulus urethane -epoxy UN s, shown in Table IX (12). These materials are shown compared to a toughened plastic polyurethane 146,000 psi flexural modulus urethane naterial. The urethane-epoxy IEN s are based on two epoxies (Bisphnol A type and Novalak type). 

With their close resemblance to the properties of most plastics, polyurethanes are particularly well-suited for bonding of plastics such as PC and PMMA. The adhesives are ductile, have a low glass transition temperature, a lower inherent strength level than EP adhesives, and a highly variable potlife. 

Due to the special features mentioned above, siloxane amphiphiUc copolymers are used in a wide variety of applications including foam stabilization in plastic (polyurethane) foams, cosmetics, wetting, emulsification, lubrication and in antistatic agents, drug delivery and so forth. 

Composite materials Photochromic glasses Fillers and pigments Butter, margarine Opal Expanded plastics (polyurethane foams)... 

Bayer Corp. NOVA Bayer Corp. ComAlloy Network DSM DSM NOVA Chemicals NOVA DSM LNP, Polymerrs NOVA LNP RTP Chemicals RTP Chemicals M.A. Polymers Chemicals NOVA Chemicals RTP Bayer Corp. Dow Plastics Bayer Corp. RTP Ticona Cabot Emerson BF Goodrich Conap Cuming Dow Plastics Dow Plastics Polyurethane Emerson Specialties Cuming ITW Devcon Polyurethane Specialties Union Carbide... 

Both the elastomeric polyurethanes " and plastic polyurethanes with high Tg were studied. Both yield reinforcement, albeit by different... 

F. G. Hutchinson, R. G. C. Henbest, and M. K. Leggett, Polymeric Shaped Articles, U.S. Pat. 4,062,826 (1977). SIN s, grafted. Plastic polyurethanes based on 4 4 -diphenyl-methane diisocyanate. Styrene-unsaturated polyester. Gel polymerization. Shaping of partly gel-polymerized articles. 

Although lignin is the second most abundant polymer on earth constimting 30% of non-fossil organic carbon [7] and a major by-product of the pulp and paper industry, only approximately 2% of lignin is currently used in polymer blends for mortar, construction systems, adhesives, biodegradable plastics, polyurethane copolymers, paints, dispersants in dyes, in pesticides and printed circuit boards [1, 32, 56, 82, 85]. Exploitation scale-up has been hampered by the huge... 

Isocyanates are volatile organic compounds widely used in industry for products such as printing inks, adhesives, two-pack paints (particularly in vehicle body shops) and in the manufacture of plastics (polyurethane products). They are irritants and sensitizers. Inflammation of the nasal passages, the throat and bronchitis are typical reactions to many isocyanates. When a person becomes sensitized to an isocyanate, very small amounts of the substance often provoke a serious reaction similar to an extreme asthma attack. Isocyanates also present a health hazard to fire fighters. They are subject to a workplace exposure limit (WEL) and respiratory protective equipment should normally be worn. Two-pack polyurethane paints and varnishes are used in construction as surface coatings. 

The properties of polyurethanes derived from the hydroformylation of fatty acid derivatives, subsequent hydrogenation, and reaction with isocyanates such as toluene diisocyanate (TDl), methylene diphenyl-4,4-diisocyanate (MDI), and 1,6-hexamethylenediisocyanate (HDI) may be strongly dependent on the metal used for the hydroformylation [12a, 62]. At high conversion rates with a rhodium catalyst, a rigid polyurethane A is formed, whereas under the conditions of cobalt catalysis and low conversion a hard rubber or rigid plastic (polyurethane B) with lower mechanical strength results (Scheme 6.100). 

RKW HyJet with thermo-plastic polyurethane (TPU) coating www.rkw-group.com/nc/ news-media/news-press/details/news/latest-generation-of-hydroentangled-spunbond-nonwovens. html. 

In 2011, San Diego-based Genomatica demonstrated industrial-scale microbial production from glucose of 1,4-butanediol, an organic alcohol used around the world in quantities of about 1 million metric tons per year as a solvent and in the manufacture of plastics, polyurethane, polyesters, tetrahydrofuran, and other materials. The conventional chemical synthesis of... 

Butadiene Cyclododecatriene Toray Toyo Soda Mitsubishi Petrochem. Nylon 12 Plasticizers Polyurethanes... 

Compound, caulking, conductive Compound, polyurethane Compound, heat sink, silicone Compound, sealing, poly sulfide rubber Compound, plastic polyurethane Primer, silicone rubber sealant Primer, polyurethane Primer, silicone... 

Eversorb 90 is a hindered amine light stabilizer. Even with rather low contents of Eversorb 90 in plastic formulation, it still exhibits superior light stabilization. Furthermore, its anti-UV effect would be significantly increased by the combinaton with UV absorbers such as Eversorb 71, Eversorb 73 and Eversorb 12 in various polymers. Eversorb 90 is particularly suitable for using in Polypropylene, High Density Polyethylene and ABS. It is also effective to protect the following plastics Polyurethane, Polystyrene, Polyester, Polyamide, Coatings, Adhesives and Rubbers... 

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