Pinworm infection treatment

Pyrantel Pamoate. This dmg (10), C24H2qN20 S, cures pinworm infections and is close to 100% effective against A.scaris when given in a single dose (28,29). Pyrantel pamoate is also a principal dmg for the treatment of hookworm infections thus it is useful in patients with mixed worm infections. 

For adults and children over 2 years of age, the treatment is a single dose of 400 mg orally (repeated for 2-3 days for heavy ascaris infections and in 2 weeks for pinworm infections). These treatments achieve high cure rates for these roundworm infections and marked reduction in egg counts in those not cured. 

In the USA, mebendazole has been approved for use in ascariasis, trichuriasis, and hookworm and pinworm infection. It can be taken before or after meals the tablets should be chewed before swallowing. For pinworm infection, the dose is 100 mg once, repeated at 2 weeks. For ascariasis, trichuriasis, hookworm, and trichostrongylus infections, a dosage of 100 mg twice daily for 3 days is used for adults and for children over 2 years of age. Cure rates are 90-100% for pinworm infections, ascariasis, and trichuriasis. Cure rates are lower for hookworm infections, but a marked reduction in the worm burden occurs in those not cured. For intestinal capillariasis, mebendazole is used at a dosage of 400 mg/d in divided doses for 21 or more days. In trichinosis, limited reports suggest efficacy against adult worms in the intestinal tract and tissue larvae. Treatment is three times daily, with fatty foods, at 200-400 mg per dose for 3 days and then 400-500 mg per dose for 10 days. Corticosteroids should be coadministered for severe infections. 

Piperazine (single dose of 3.5 g for two consecutive days) is indicated in the treatment of enterobiasis (pinworm infection) and ascariasis (roundworm infection). 

Pyrantel, a pyrimidine derivative with antihehnintic properties (single dose of 11 mg/kg p.o.), is used in the treatment of roundworm and pinworm infections. 

Pyrantel pamoate is equivalent to mebendazole in the treatment of pinworm infections, but it is not effective in the treatment of infections caused by cestodes. The answer is (D). 

In general, piperazine and a good munber of its salts e.g., adipate, calcium edetate, citrate, phosphate and tartrate— have been employed profusely in therapeutic treatment of roundworm and pinworm infections. Piperazine itself is a representative example of this class of compoimds ... 

Albendazole, a broad-spectrum oral antihelminthic, is the drug of choice and is approved in the USA for treatment of hydatid disease and cysticercosis. It is also used in the treatment of pinworm and hookworm infections, ascariasis, trichuriasis, and strongyloidiasis. 

Pyrantel pamoate is a broad-spectrum antihelminthic highly effective for the treatment of pinworm, ascaris, and Trichostrongylus orientalis infections. It is moderately effective against both species of hookworm. It is not effective in trichuriasis or strongyloidiasis. Oxantel pamoate, an analog of pyrantel not available in the USA, has been used successfully in the treatment of trichuriasis the two drugs have been combined for their broad-spectrum antihelminthic activity. 

Piperazine (15b) itself, often as its citrate due to its low toxicity and cheapness, is still used for the treatment of pinworm and Ascaris infections. It has been shown to block neuromuscular transmission in Ascaris by means of an anticholinergic action at the... 

Piperazine citrate is used as an anthelmintic in the treatment of infections caused by pinworms and roundworms. It is also employed by veterinarians against various worms infecting domestic animals, including chickens. 

Pyrantel pamoate [pi RAN tel] along with mebendazole is effective in the treatment of infections caused by roundworms, pinworms (see Figure 36.4), and hookworms. Pyrantel pamoate is poorly absorbed orally and exerts its effects in the intestinal tract. It acts as a depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent, causing persistent... 

Mebendazole is a benzimidazole that kills parasitic worms by blocking glucose uptake, thus depleting stored glycogen. Without glycogen, parasites cannot reproduce or survive. It is indicated in the treatment of Trichuris trichuria (whipworm), Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm), Ascaris lum-bricoides (roundworm), Ancylostoma duodenale (common hookworm), or Necator americanus (American hookworm), in single infection or mixed infections. 

Pyrantel pamoate is an alternative to mebendazole in the treatment of ascariasis and enterobiasis. High cure rates have been achieved after a single oral dose of 11 mg/kg (maximum of 1 g). Pyrantel also is effective against hookworm infections caused by A. duodenale and N. americanus, although repeated doses are needed to cure heavy infections with the latter organism. The drug is combined with oxantel for mixed infections with T. trichiura. For pinworm, treatment should be repeated after an interval of 2 weeks. In the U.S., pyrantel is sold over-the-counter for pinworm treatment (PiN-x). 

It is widely used across the globe for the management and treatment of intestinal nematode infection. It is also quite effective as a single-dose-treatment for ascariasis, New and Old World hookworm infections, and trichuriasis. It has been observed that a recommended multi-dose therapy with albendazol may help in the complete eradication of pinworm, threadworm, capillariasis, chlonorchiasis, and hydated disease as well. However, the overall observed effectiveness of albendazole against tapeworms (cestodes) is obviously more variable and less impressive apparently. 

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