Picea mariana

Summerbell RC, Root endophyte and mycorrhizosphere fungi of black spruce, Picea mariana, in a boreal forest habitat influence of site factors on fungal distributions, StudMycol 53 121—145, 2005. 

Spruce and hemlock oils are produced in Canada and the Northeast of the United States by steam distillation of needles and twigs from Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P. (black spruce), Picea glauca (Moench) Voss (white spruce), Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. (Hemlock spruce), and related species. They are very pale to light yellow liquids with a pleasant odor reminiscent of pine needles. 

Dion M, Loranger S, Kennedy G, et al. 1993. Evaluation of black spruce (picea mariana) as a bioindicator of aluminum contamination. Water Air Soil Pollut 71 29-41. 

Wood. Wood samples were from black spruce (Picea Mariana (Mill.) B.S.P. samples 1 to 3 and 29 to 31). A small piece of wood was microtomed to obtain approximately 8- by 4-mm, 30-//m-thick transverse sections that were first extracted in toulene/ethanol and then solvent exchanged to methanol. The sections were stored in methanol in the dark. 

TABLE 4-4. Distribution of Lignin in Spruce (Black Spruce, Picea mariana) Tracheid"... 

To determine the distribution of lignin from bromine analysis, it is essential to know the reactivity of bromine toward lignin in different morphological regions. For black spruce (Picea mariana), Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and loblolly pine (Pinus taeda), the lignin in the secondary wall of tracheids is 1.7... 

For softwoods, the distribution of lignin in black spruce (Picea mariana) obtained by the bromination-EDXA technique and UV microscopy has been compared. By applying the correction factor of 1.7 for bromination-EDXA, a good agreement was achieved between the results obtained by the two methods (Saka et al. 1982). 

Agarwal UP, Atalla RH (1986b) In situ Raman microprobe studies of plant cell walls macromolecular organization and compositional variability in the secondary wall of Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P. Planta 169 325-332... 

Spruce Gum Gum Digitized Picea canadensis Picea mariana Picea rubra Canada and New England... 

Figure 3.4. Water adsorbed in the cell wall of Picea mariana (Stone and Scallan, 1968). The amount of adsorbed water that is accessible to a polymer molecule increases as the size of the polymer molecule decreases. During pulping the cell wall is opened up with both pore volume and pore size distribution increasing with the degree of delignification. The yield is the ratio of the weight of oven-dry fibre remaining after pulping to the initial weight of oven-dry wood.

The northern part of this region is covered with Pre-Tundra Spruce, Larch-Spmce and, at places. Larch Thin Forest and Black Coniferous North Taiga Forest ecosystems, in which Picea mariana and Picea canadensis predominate. Abies balsamea, Larix laricina are mixed with these, and birch and aspen are also found. This part lies in the permafrost area and permafrost features determine the development of biogeochemical process Cb is equal to 8.5, Ct, to 0.35 and Cbr, to 3.0. 

The southern part of the Laurentian region is covered by Podzols and Spodi-Distric Cambisols with Black Coniferous Forest ecosystems of Picea mariana, P. glauca, and Abies balsamea Larch and birch are mixed with these species. Pine Forest ecosystems of Pinus banksiana, bog mosses and lowland bogs occur in this part of the region also. The biogeochemical cycling of the elements is faster than in the northern part, but anyhow it is the depressed type of turnover (see Table 1). 

Mnus syivesins e5L - Pinus sylvestris Picea mariana CHS... 

UP Agarwal and RH Atalla. In-Situ Raman Microprobe Stndies of Plant Cell Walls Macromolecnlar Organization and Compositional Variability in the Secondary Wall of Picea Mariana (MiU) B.S.P. Planta 169 325-332, 1986. 

UP Agarwal. Raman Imaging to Investigate Ultrastructure and Composition of Plant Cell Walls Distribution of Lignin and Cellulose in Black Spruce (Picea mariana). Planta 224 1141-1153, 2006. 

UP Agarwal and SA Ralph. ET-Raman Spectroscopy of Wood Identifying Contributions of Lignin and Carbohydrate Polymers in the Spectrum of Black Spruce (Picea mariana). Appl. Spectrosc. 51 1648-1655, 1997. 

Piceae aeth. Pine needle oil Picea mariana B.S.P. Picea abies (L.) KARSTEN 37-45% bornyl acetate... 

Wood Pulps. Black spruce (Picea mariana) shavings were extracted with alcohol-benzene and a small portion ground in a Wiley mill to pass through a 40-mesh screen. This represented the 100% yield sample. The remaining shavings were cooked in one liter bombs by the acid sulfite process (sodium base, 1% combined and 5% total S02) at a liquor-to-wood ratio of 5 1. The time at the cooking temperature of 135 °C. was varied from 0 to 300 minutes, the contents removed, fiberized briefly in a Waring Blendor and washed with distilled water. Half of each sample... 

Price, A. G., Dunham, K., Carleton, T., and Band, L. (1997). Variability of water fluxes through the black spruce (Picea mariana) canopy and feather moss (Pleurozium schreheri) carpet in the boreal forest of Northern Manitoba./. Hydrol. 196, 310-323. 

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