Phosphorus flame

Protective Coatings. Some flame retardants function by forming a protective Hquid or char barrier. These minimize transpiration of polymer degradation products to the flame front and/or act as an insulating layer to reduce the heat transfer from the flame to the polymer. Phosphoms compounds that decompose to give phosphoric acid and intumescent systems are examples of this category (see Flame retardants, phosphorus flame retardants). [Pg.465]

For multi-analyte and/or multi-matrix methods, it is not possible to validate a method for all combinations of analyte, concentration and type of sample matrix that may be encountered in subsequent use of the method. On the other hand, the standards EN1528 andEN 12393 consist of a range of old multi-residue methods. The working principles of these methods are accepted not only in Europe, but all over the world. Most often these methods are based on extractions with acetone, acetonitrile, ethyl acetate or n-hexane. Subsequent cleanup steps are based on solvent partition steps and size exclusion or adsorption chromatography on Florisil, silica gel or alumina. Each solvent and each cleanup step has been successfully applied to hundreds of pesticides and tested in countless method validation studies. The selectivity and sensitivity of GC combined with electron capture, nitrogen-phosphorus, flame photometric or mass spectrometric detectors for a large number of pesticides are acceptable. [Pg.113]

Gas chromatograph Hewlett-Packard Model 6890 equipped with a nitrogen-phosphorus flame ionization detector... [Pg.1212]

Hewlett-Packard Model 6890 equipped with a nitrogen-phosphorus flame ionization detector Capillary column for gas-liquid chromatography (GLC), DB-1, 0.53-mm i.d. x 15 m, l-pm film thickness (J W Scientific)... [Pg.1329]

Carnahan, J. C. Haaf, W. Nelson, G. Lee, G. Abolins, V. Shank, P. Investigations into the Mechanism for Phosphorus Flame Retardancv in Engineering Plastics. Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Flammability and Safety, San Francisco, 1979. [Pg.287]

Additive organic phosphorus flame retardants, 11 488-489 Additives. See also Flocculating agents Food additives... [Pg.16]

Commercial mercury, testing of, 76 44 Commercial oil reclaimers, 27 425 Commercial PCBs, 73 137-138 Commercial phosphorus flame retardants, 77 487 499... [Pg.202]

Flame retardants, 11 447-454, 459-479. See also Fire retardant entries Halogenated flame retardants Phosphorus flame retardants antimony compounds in, 3 54 brominated and chlorinated additive, 11 461-470... [Pg.362]

Phosphorus flame retardants, 77 484-510 additive organic, 77 488-489 commercial, 77 487-499 economic aspects of, 11 503 in epoxy resins, 77 499-501 health, safety, and environmental factors related to, 77 501-503 interaction with other flame retardants, 77 486... [Pg.699]

An antagonism can occur between phosphorus flame retardants and antimony compounds when used in combination. [Pg.526]

Regnery J, Puttmann W, Merz, C, Berthold G (2011) Occurrence and distribution of organo-phosphorus flame retardants and plasticizers in anthropogenically affected groundwater. J Environ Monit 13 347-354... [Pg.304]

One concern in conventional processing is the achievement of uniform reagent application and uniform cross-linking (18). An area in which adequate treatment of all fibers is necessary is in flame-retardant finishing. One means of obtaining thorough treatment has been the use of vacuum impregnation, in which the fabric is first passed over a vacuum slot to remove air from the fabric interstices, followed by exposure to the phosphorus flame-retardant solution in the precondensate ammonia system (19). [Pg.442]

FLAME RETARD ANTS - PHOSPHORUS FLAME RETARDANTS] (Vol 10)... [Pg.23]

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