Pharmaceuticals promotion

The specific feature of Tunisia s first dmg law— the 1942 Decree related to Medical and Pharmaceutical Promotion and Dmg Control— was the control of dmg information. It required authorization of product information on leaflets before a dmg could be marketed. 

Donohue et al. (2004) examined treatment patterns of 30,521 depressed individuals whose 1997-2000 insurance claims were included in a large retrospective medical claims database. Two issues were addressed. What are the impacts of DTCA and pharmaceutical promotion to physicians on the likelihood that (1) an individual diagnosed with depression received antidepressant medication, and (2) conditional on receiving antidepressant therapy, the antidepressant medication was used for the appropriate duration. 

Batchlor, Elaine, and Marianne Laouri. 2003. Pharmaceutical Promotion, Advertising, and Consumers. Health Affairs - Web ExcZnsive W3 109-l 15. 

Donohue, Julie M., Ernst R. Berndt, Meredith Rosenthal, ArnoldM. Epstein, and Richard G. Frank. 2004. Effects of Pharmaceutical Promotion on Adherence to Guideline Treatment of Depression. Medical Care 42(2) 1176-1185. 

Dubois, Robert W. 2003. Pharmaceutical Promotion Don t Throw the Baby Out with the Bathwater. Health Affairs - Web Exclusive W3 96-103. 

Neslin, Scott A. 2001. ROI Analysis of Pharmaceutical Promotion (RAPPP). Unpublished study, Hanover, NH, Amos Tuck School of Business, Dartmouth College. Available at www.rxpromoroi.org/rapp. 

Wittink, Richard R. 2002. Analysis of ROI for Pharmaceutical Promotions, September, video presentation. Association of Medical Publications. Available at www.vioworks.com/clients/amp. 

Marc-Andre Gagnon and Joel Lexchin, The Cost of Pushing Pills A New Estimate of Pharmaceutical Promotion Expenditures in the United States, PLoS Medicine 5, no. 1, 2008, p. el. Available online. URL http //medicine. 

The federal government dedicates significant resources and has established far-reaching and complicated rules to assure that pharmaceutical promotion is accurate and balanced. 

The debate over the appropriateness of pharmaceutical promotion is one that will go on forever. The reality is that, at least in the United States, pharmaceutical promotion is an integral part of the process of health care delivery. It is heavily regulated by FDA to assure accuracy and balance. For the foreseeable future pharmaceutical companies will continue to use communications to capture the attention of various audiences. 

FDA regulations that apply to the promotion of medical products are spread out in several sections of the Code of Federal Regulations (Title 21). Among the applicable sections are Part 200 and, most particularly, Part 201 for pharmaceutical promotion Part 510 for veterinary drugs Part 601 for biological products and Part 801 for medical devices. 

Uses Antistat in cosmetics vitamin deriv. for hair care, skin care, lip care, massage and skin care oils nutrient, humectant in pharmaceuticals promotes healing Use Level 1-5%... 

Pharmaceutical Applications. Sucrose has a long history in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals. It imparts body to symps and medicinal hquids and masks unpleasant tastes. Sucrose also functions as a diluent to control dmg concentrations in medicines, as an ingredient binder for tablets, and to impart chewiness to the latter. Sustained-release medications and protective tablet glazes are prepared using sucrose (41). Sucrose-based sugar pastes are used to promote wound healing (58). 

Chernexcil (Basic Chemicals, Pharmaceutical Cosmetics Export Promotion Council), 261 ChernExper Chemical Dhectory, 308 ChernExtra, 308 ChemFinder.com, 308 ChernFirst hic., 222 Chernia S.p.A., 179... 

The regulations also address the need to ensure that drug information provided by pharmaceutical firms is truthful, balanced, and accurately communicated. As such, it must be consistent with the indications for use and the established performance and limitations. In Europe, the directives do not impose a specific requirement to review advertising or promotional material before it is released. Acceptable standards may be achieved via voluntary codes of practice and self-regulation. However, national authorities must monitor such material and should have the power to act where the need arises. In the U S, the F DA must vet advertising and promotional material before it is released. 

Some clinical trials can be completed with only a few visits. Others require more frequent contact with the study staff. As an example of the former, our clinic has conducted many studies intended to assess blood insulin and glucose responses to test products such as snack bars and beverages. These are usually conducted using a cross-over design and may require only three visits one for screening, one for consumption of the control product, and one for consumption of the active product. In contrast, we have also completed several trials to assess dietary and pharmaceutical interventions intended to promote weight loss. These usually require frequent clinic visits over a period of at least 12 weeks and sometimes as long as two years. 

Regulatory functions include licensing of persons, premises and practices, inspection of pharmaceutical establishments, product assessment and registration, QC, control of dmg promotion and advertising and monitoring of ADR. 

In the Netherlands, associations of the pharmaceutical industry play a role in selfregulation, particularly in relation to drug promotion and advertising. Consumer organizations have a formal presence on the Social Health Insurance Council. 

Spedficalions regarding pharmaceutical premises, personnel and procedures must be followed by pharmaceutical manufacturers, distributors and retailers if they wish to obtain and retain their licence to operate. By means of these licences, dmg regulatory authorities control the activities of pharmaceutical manufacturers, importers and distributors and companies engaged in dmg promotion and advertising. 

Cuba stands out as the only country in this group that permits neither dmg advertising nor dmg promotion. Instead, pharmaceutical products are distributed and product information disseminated within the Ifamewoik of the centralized State-mn management system. Misinformation for commercial purposes is therefore not an issue in Cuba. In all the other survey countries, both the content and the conduct of dmg advertising and promotion are regulated. The basis of such controls is found in dmg legislation. 

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