Developmental disorders pervasive

Pervasive developmental disorder If there is a history of autistic disorder or another pervasive developmental disorder, the additional diagnosis of schizophrenia is made only if prominent delusions or hallucinations are also present for at least a month (or less if successfully treated). 

Pervasive Developmental Disorders. Children with autism or one of the other pervasive developmental disorders can be impulsive and inattentive much like those with ADHD. However, the severe social disability and language problems of children with an autistic disorder usually far exceed that of ADHD. These differences are usually sufficient to clarify the diagnosis. When one is unsure, neuropsychological testing can help clarify matters. 

Wakefield AJ, Murch SH, Anthony A, et al. Ileal-lymphoid-nodular hyperplasia, non-specific colitis and pervasive developmental disorder in children. Lancet 1998 351 637-A1. 

W.L. Strauss, A.S. Unis, C. Cowan, G. Dawson, S.R. Dager, Fluorine magnetic resonance spectroscopy measurement of brain fluvoxamine and fluoxetine in pediatric patients treated for pervasive developmental disorders. Am. J. Psychiatry 159 (2002) 755-760. 

Unlabeled Uses Treatment of bulimia nervosa, cataplexy associated with narcolepsy, depression, neurogenic pain, panic disorder, ejaculatory disorders, pervasive developmental disorder... 

Children with pervasive developmental disorders are also at higher risk for developing TS. In a recent survey of 447 pupils from nine schools for children and adolescents with autism, 19 children were found to have definite TS, yielding a prevalence rate of 4.3% (Baron-Cohen et ah, 1999). However, caution is warranted, as complex motor tics can be difficult to distinguish from motor stereotypies, and differentiation among these behaviors may be especially problematic among retarded individuals with limited verbal skills. 

Although childhood cases are rare (McKenna et ah, 1994), schizophrenia has been identified in children since its earliest descriptions. Despite this, the nosological status of schizophrenia in children was controversial for many years, and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 2nd ed. (DSM-II) category childhood schizophrenia included other psychotic disorders in children as well as autistic disorder, limiting the usefulness of early studies. The landmark studies by Kolvin (1971), however, clearly differentiated schizophrenia with onset in childhood from pervasive developmental disorders. 

McDougle, C.J., Brodkin, E.S., Naylor, S.T, Carlson, D.C., Cohen, D.J., and Price, L.H. (1998) Sertraline in adults with pervasive developmental disorders a prospective open-label investigation. J Clin Psychopharmacol 18 62-66. 

McDougle, C.J., Kresch, L.E., and Posey, D.J. (2000) Repetitive thoughts and behavior in pervasive developmental disorders treatment with serotonin reuptake inhibitors. J Autism Dev Disord 30 427-435. 

Potenza, M.N., Holmes, J.R Kanes, S.J., and McDougle, C.J. (1999) Olanzapine treatment of children, adolescents and adults with pervasive developmental disorders an open-lahel pilot study. / Clin Psychopharmacol 19 37-44. 

While some anecdotal evidence has suggested possible benefit from buspirone in children (Zwier and Rao, 1994), in the study by Pfeffer (1997), only 3 of the 19 children who completed the study continued on buspirone after the study. The benefits of buspirone in children with anxiety disorders continue to be unproven. However, open-label studies have demonstrated reductions in anxiety in children with pervasive developmental disorders (Buitelaar et al., 1998). 

Buitelaar, J.K., van der Gaag, R.J., and van der Hoeven, J. (1998) Buspirone in the management of anxiety and irritability in children with pervasive developmental disorder results of an open-label study. / Clm Psychiatry 59 56—59. 

Pervasive developmental disorder, severe with pharmacological target symptoms 1. Parent 2. Teacher 3. Drivers, other caregivers 4. Child, if he or she communicates 1. Parent 2. Teacher 3. Adolescent, if he or she communicates 4. Drivers, other caregivers... 

Within each cell, informants are listed in approximate order of importance and /or desirability. Parent should be understood broadly as primary care-giver(s), including residential center staff. Prepubertal children phase into the adolescent priorities about ages 10-12 years (transition from concrete operations to formal operations). For patients with mental retardation or pervasive developmental disorder, mental age and communication ability must be considered. ... 

To summarize, comorbidities on which a manic syndrome can be superimposed include ADHD, ODD, conduct or pervasive developmental disorders, Tour-ette s syndrome, or medical conditions such as brain tumors, multiple sclerosis, temporal lobe seizures, human immune-deficiency syndrome (HIV), and endocri-nopathies such as hyperthyroidism and Cushing s syndrome (James and Javaloyes, 2001). Organic affective syndrome, a condition given separate designation in DSM I-IIIR, is now subsumed under mood disorder due to a general medical condition in DSM IV. Substance induced mood disorder has a similar due to. . . designation. 

Most structured interviews do not ascertain information about conditions that used to be on axis II or axis III pervasive developmental disorders, learning and language disorders, or medical or neurological disorders. 

Obsessional symptoms found in children with pervasive developmental disorder present diagnostic and nosological dilemmas. There are a very few children who seem genuinely to meet criteria for both diagnoses, for example, with rather typical contamination concerns and cleaning behaviors. Since the SSRIs are effective in symptomatic management of both these dis-... 

The main indications for atypical antipsychotics are the acute and maintenance treatment of schizophrenic disorders, with an emphasis on the treatment of refractory and chronic disorders. However, because of the lower risk of EPS and in particular of tardive dyskinesia, there is a tendency toward a wider range of indications for some of the atypical neuroleptics. Favorable effects in drug-induced psychoses have been demonstrated for olanzapine. Clozapine seems effective in the treatment and relapse prevention of manic episodes and bipolar disorders, and risperidone has been shown to have good efficacy in conduct disorders and in the pervasive developmental disorders. 

Burd, L., Fisher, W, and Kerbeshian, J. (1987) A prevalence study of pervasive developmental disorders in North Dakota. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 26 704-710. 

The assessment and treatment of autistic disorder and other pervasive developmental disorders (PDDs) requires a multidisciplinary team approach. Initial interventions are largely based on educational programming and behavior management principles, particularly for preschool- and school-aged children and adolescents. Speech therapy is usually essential and physical and occupational therapy are often needed as well. Despite these extensive therapeutic efforts, many children, adolescents, and adults with PDDs remain significantly impaired. Under these conditions, drug treatment is often necessary and appropriate. 

Pervasive developmental disorder NOS is diagnosed when there is a severe and pervasive impairment in the development of reciprocal social interaction. Impairment in verbal and nonverbal communication skills and stereotyped behavior, interests, and activities may be present, but the criteria are not met for a specific PDD, schizophrenia, schizotypal personality disorder. 

Chakrabarti, S. and Fombonne, E. (2001) Pervasive developmental disorders in preschool children. JAMA 285 3093-3099. 

Lord, C., Rutter, M., and Le Couteur, A. (1994) Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised a revised version of a diagnostic interview for caregivers of individuals with possible pervasive developmental disorders./ Autism Dev Disord 24 659-685. 

McDougle, C.J. (2002) Current and emerging therapeutics of autistic disorder and related pervasive developmental disorders. In Davis, K.L., Charney, D., Coyle, J.T., and Nemeroff, C., eds. Neuropsychopharmacology—The Fifth Generation of Progress. Philadelphia Lippincott—Williams Wilkens, pp. 565—576. 

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