Personal contributing factors

The irritant effects are probably due primarily to its alkalinity, but dehydrating and thermal effects also may be contributing factors. Strong nasal irritation was observed from exposure to a mixture of dusts containing calcium oxide in the range of 25mg/m but levels of 9-lOmg/m produced no observable irritation. Inflammation of the respiratory tract, ulceration and perforation of the nasal septum, and pneumonia have been attributed to inhalation of calcium oxide dust severe irritation of the upper respiratory tract ordinarily causes persons to avoid serious inhalation exposure. ... 

Significant deficiencies in the security and control of samples have been well documented. " " In fact, it has been estimated that just over half of samples actually reach patients. Samples may be used by prescribers and staff, or they may be diverted. Personal use of drug samples by physicians and other healthcare providers raises ethical concerns and is not without risk." Limaye and Paauw described three medical residents who self-prescribed antimicrobials and were subsequently diagnosed with Clostridium difficile infection." Tong and Lien reported self-medication with samples and distribution of samples to nonphysicians by almost 60% of pharmaceutical representatives surveyed at a Canadian family practice office. A contributing factor to some of these issues is that institutional or facility sample policy and procedures are often absent, or compliance is poor. One institution found only 10% compliance when the inventory of samples was compared with the required written documentation. Even after an educational program in which the policy was explained to the house staff, a second audit found only 26% compliance. " Poor compliance with policy and procedure may jeopardize patient safety, as well as put the institution at risk for JCAHO recommendations or Board of Pharmacy penalties. 

Antipsychotics are the mainstay treatment for schizophrenia. There is large variability between individuals in their response to antipsychotics, both in efficacy and adverse effects of treatment. While the source of interindividual variability in antipsychotic response is not completely understood, genetics is a major contributing factor. The identification of pharmacogenetic markers that predict antipsychotic efficacy and adverse reactions is a growing area of research, and holds the potential to replace the current trial-and-error approach to treatment selection in schizophrenia with a personalized medicine approach. 

Obesity is associated with increased BSP retention when the standard test is used 20 patients who were grossly (50-91%) overweight all had increased BSP retention, viz. 15 (6-33)% (Z2). Although biochemical and biopsy evidence of liver dysfunction was found in 50% of the group, it is likely that the dose of BSP (5 mg/kg) was an important contributing factor because it was almost certainly higher relative to liver mass than in normal persons (see Section 5.1). 

In the past many persons attributed abnormally high oil secretion and the development of acne to the afflicted individual s diet and hygiene. However, current research suggests that oil secretion is under genetic control, primarily related to the abihty of androgenic hormones to stimulate oil secretion. The bacterial species Propionibacterium acnes is believed to play a role in converting acne into an inflammatory condition. Stress and the use of certain cosmetics may also be contributing factors. 

These are cases from food service rather than food production. The article states [f]or each year from 1983 to 1987, the most commonly reported food preparation practice was improper storage or holding temperature, followed by poor personal hygiene of the foodhandler. They report that, of 127 total reports of bacterial incidents in 1983, 13.4% concluded poor personal hygiene was a contributing factor. The reports also noted from 1983 to 1987 that approximately 25% of cases were in the home, 32% in restaurants, 5% in schools, and 3% in churches [4],... 

Common causes of back pain can relate to poor physical condition and being unaccustomed to a task. Other factors that contribute to pain include poor posture aud lifting objects beyond a person s ability. Contributing factors for back injuries include understaffing, inadequate training, poor body mechanics, inadequate safety precautious, aud not nsing assist devices. The natural curves of the spine are held in place and supported by muscles in the back and abdomen. These mnscles mnst be strong and healthy. 

In any accident investigation, consider the aspect of multiple causation. The contributing factors surrounding an accident, as well as the unsafe acts and unsafe conditions, should be considered. If only the unsafe acts and conditions are considered when investigating an accident, little will be accomplished toward any accident prevention effort because the root causes still remain. This leaves the possibility for an accident to recur. The root causes are items such as management policies and decisions, and the personal and environmental factors that could prevent accidents when corrected. 

Contributing factors can be events or conditions that alone do not cause the accident to occur. They, along with conditions and events, increase the probability of the accident occurring. They set up the accident to occur. For example, The road is icy. This contributing factor can set up a number of accidents, for example, a slip and fall or a motor vehicular accident, either hitting another motor vehicle, hitting a stationary object, or hitting a person. 

The fact that Judy filled out a near-hit report is certainly good news, but was this a complete report Were there some personal factors within Judy that could have influenced the incident Was Judy under stress or distress and, if so, could this have been a contributing factor It has been estimated that from 75 to 85 percent of all industrial injuries can be partially attributed to inappropriate reactions to stress (Jones, 1984). Furthermore, stress-related headaches are the leading cause of lost-work time in the United States (Jones, 1984). 

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