Endothelial cells, isolated

Fuchs, S., Motta, A., Migliaresi, C., and Kirkpatrick, C.J. "Outgrowth endothelial cells isolated and expanded from human peripheral blood progenitor cells for endothelia-lization as a potential source of autologous of silk fibroin biomaterials". Biomaterials 27(31), 5399-5408 (2006). 

Hewett PW and Murray JC. Human microvessel endothelial cells isolation, culture and characterization. In vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim29A 823-830,1993. 

As said previously, this model is a modification of the coculture model of Dehouck et al. [16]. Therefore, endothelial cell isolation and culture are identical to the protocol described in the previous section. Unlike the original coculture model, in order to reduce... 

HUVECs Human endothelial cells isolated from umbilical cord... 

Human endothelial cells isolated from umbilical cord (HUVECs) were seeded on pure and RGD modified gels to determine the cell-adhesive characteristics of the compared materials. Cell adhesion and proliferation (or apoptosis) were observed by means of microscopic and colorimetric techniques. 

Fig. 9 Viability of human endothelial cells isolated from umbilical cord on RGD modified gels (here shown for Type B) monitored by the live/dead assay. Representative pictures shows live (fluorescein di-O-acetate, viable cells visible as light spots, left) and dead (propidium iodide, no dead cells visible, right) staining. Image after 1 day culture. Scale bar 200 pm...

Recent data from our group show that dermal microvascular endothelial cells isolated from SPHKl-deficient mice are defective in angiogenesis induced by VEGF and SIP (but not by FGF and TNF-a) in vitro, and that SPHKl knock-out mice show defective neoangiogenesis in vivo (S.Niwa, manuscript in preparation). 

In an anoxia-reoxygenation model using pure cultures of cerebral endothelial cells isolated from piglet cortex to measure cerebral endothelial ceU oxygen free radical production and determine its... 

The development of a functional TEVG is likely to require the constmction of an intima and media composed of endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Limitations imposed by immunogenicity will probably require that autologous cells be used, so the majority of studies to date have used differentiated smooth muscle and endothelial cells isolated from harvested blood vessels. But problems with donor-site morbidity and the performance of these cell types in engineered tissues have led to the consideration of alternative cell sources. Recent advances in stem cell biology may lead to suitable progenitors that can be effectively differentiated into endothelial and smooth muscle cells for use in vascular tissue engineering. 

Takata F, Dohgu S, Yamauchi A et al (2013) In vitro blood-brain barrier models using brain capillary endothelial cells isolated from neonatal and adult rats retain age-related barrier properties. PLoS One 8 e55166... 

In 1985, a peptide was described in the supernatants of endothelial cells that mediated vasoconstriction [1]. This peptide was isolated and sequenced, and the cDNA was cloned. According to its origin from endothelial cells it was named endothelin. 

An alternative pathway for activating the cascade has recently been demonstrated in which factor XII is absent from the reaction mixture [42-45]. Two different groups have isolated two different proteins, each of which seems to activate the HK-prekallikrein complex. One is heat-shock protein 90 [46] and the other is a prolylcarboxypeptidase [47]. Neither protein is a direct prekallikrein activator as is factor Xlla or factor Xllf because each activator requires HK to be complexed to the prekallikrein. In addition, the reaction is stoichiometric, thus the amount of prekallikrein converted to kallikrein equals the molar input of heat-shock protein 90 (or prolylcarboxypeptidase). These proteins can be shown to contribute to factor Xll-independent prekallikrein activation and antisera to each protein have been shown to inhibit the process. When whole endothelial cells are incubated with normal plasma or factor Xll-deficient plasma, the rate of activation of the deficient plasma is very much slower than that of the normal plasma, the latter being factor Xll-dependent [45]. Under normal circumstances (with factor XII present), formation of any kallikrein will lead to factor Xlla formation even if the process were initiated by one of these cell-derived factors. 

Herwald H, Dedio J. Kellner R. Loos M. Muller-Esterl W Isolation and characterization of the kini-nogen-binding protein p33 from endothelial cells. Identity with the gClq receptor. J Biol Chem 1996 271 13040-13047. 

This has been estabhshed by experiments at the whole-animal level (eg, hepatectomy) and by use of the isolated perfused Hver preparation, of hver slices, of liver homogenates, and of in vitro translation systems using preparations of mRNA extracted from liver. However, the y-globulins are synthesized in plasma cells and certain plasma proteins are synthesized in other sites, such as endothelial cells. 

The GSH reductase inhibitor l,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-l-nitrosourea (BCNU) also promotes corneal swelling in the isolated cornea. The addition of GSH prevents the action of BCNU as the cornea needs a constant supply of NADPH for maintaining adequate concentrations of reduced glutathione for the detoxification of hydrogen peroxide. It has been shown that hydrogen peroxide and BCNU primarily affect the permeability of the endothelial cells rather than the active processes transporting sodium and chloride ions across the membrane (Riley, 1985). 

MDCK (Madin-Darby canine kidney) cells are derived from distal tubules, whereas LLC-PKi are from proximal tubes. b BMEC (brain microvessel endothelial cells) are isolated from capillaries. BPAEC (bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells), BAEC (bovine aortic endothelial cells), and HUVEC (human umbilical vein endothelial cells) are large vessel endothelia. 

Yang LJ, Jeng CJ, Kung HN, et al. Tanshinone IIA isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza elicits the cell death of human endothelial cells. J Biomed Sci 2005 12 347-361. 

Proulx [30] summarized the published lipid compositions of BBM isolated from epithelial cells from pig, rabbit, mouse and rat small intestines. Table 3.1 shows the lipid make-up for the rat, averaged from five reported studies [30], On a molar basis, cholesterol accounts for about 50% of the total lipid content (37% on a weight basis). Thus, the cholesterol content in BBM is higher than that found in kidney epithelial (MDCK) and brain endothelial cells (Table 3.1). Slightly different BBM lipid distribution was reported by Alcorn et al. [31] here, the outer (luminal) leaflet of the BBM was seen to be rich in sphingomyelin content, while the inner leaflet (cytosol) was rich in PE and PC. Apical (brush border) and basolateral lipids are different in epithelia. The basolateral membrane content (not reported by... 

The presence at the BBB of members of the multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRPs) family, whose members preferentially transport anionic compounds, is still controversial. The seven members of the MRP family belong, like P-gp, to the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) protein superfamily. Mrpl has been found at the BBB in isolated rat brain capillaries, primary cultures of brain capillary endothelial cells and in immortalized capillary endothelial cells, but not in human brain capillaries [59]. Another member, MRP2 has been found at the luminal membrane of the brain endothelial cells [60]. However, further studies are required to show that there are MRP transporters at the BBB (Figure 15.5). As for P-gp, a functional Mrpl was found in primary cultured rat astrocytes [56] and it has been shown to take part in the release of glutathione disulfide from brain astrocytes under oxidative stress [61]. 

Demeule M, Labelle M, Regina A, Berthelet F, Beliveau R. Isolation of endothelial cells from brain, lung, and kidney expression of the multidrug resistance P-glycoprotein isoforms. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2001 281 827-834. 

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