Pennsylvania samples

The origin of deep acid mine waters. Barnes et al. (1964) studied waters in three flooded coal-mine shafts in the north anthracite field of eastern Pennsylvania. Samples were obtained from depths up to 646 ft (197 m) below the water table. In the shaft pools Barnes et al. (1964) obtained the following compositional ranges pH 3.4 to 5.4, Eh -0.10 to +0.57 V, ZSOl" 1260 to 6720 mg/kg, and SFe(II)(aq) 34 to 1463 mg/kg. Seven of their chemical analyses are reproduced in Table 12.6. Highest iron and sulfate concentrations were found at the greatest depths. Eh and pH values were less depth predictable. All of their Eh-pH data are listed in Table 12.6 and plotted in Fig. 12.23, which shows that several of the analyses lie at or below the Fe(II)(aq)/pyrite boundary, suggesting equilibrium with pyrite. 

The NAA measurements on the paper samples were made at the Breazeale Nuclear Reactor Facility at the Pennsylvania State University with a TRIGA Mark III reactor at a flux of about 1013 n/cm2-sec. Samples were irradiated from 2 to 20 min and counted for 2000 sec, after a 90 min decay time for Ba and a 60 hr decay for Sb, Analyses were performed instrumentally, without radiochemical separation, using a 35cm3 coaxial Ge-Li detector and a 4096-channel pulse height analyzer. With these procedures, detection limits for Ba and Sb were 0.02ug and 0.001 ug, respectively. These sensitivities are comparable to those obtained by GA s radiochemical separation procedure, and are made possible by the use of the higher neutron output from the more powerful reactor and in combination with the higher resolution solid state detector... 

A summary of U.S. groundwater analyses from both federal and state studies reported that trichloroethylene was the most frequently detected organic solvent and the one present in the highest concentration (Dyksen and Hess 1982). Trichloroethylene was detected in 388 of 669 groundwater samples collected in New Jersey from 1977 to 1979, with a maximum concentration of 635 ppb (Page 1981). Maximum concentrations ranging from 900 to 27,300 ppb trichloroethylene were found in contaminated wells from four states (Pennsylvania, New York, Massachusetts, and New Jersey) (Burmaster 1982). 

Trichloroethylene has been detected in dairy products (milk, cheese, butter) at 0.3-10 pg/kg (0.3-10 ppb), meat (English beef) at 12-16 ppb, oils and fats at 0-19 ppb, beverages (canned fruit drink, light ale, instant coffee, tea, wine) at 0.02-60 ppb, fruits and vegetables (potatoes, apples, pears, tomatoes) at 0-5 ppb, and fresh bread at 7 ppb (McConnell et al. 1975). Samples obtained from a food processor in Pennsylvania contained trichloroethylene concentrations of 68 ppb in plant tap water, 28 ppb in Chinese-style sauce,... 

For a detailed discussion of the art of sample handling and data acquisition for blood gas measurements, see National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Blood gas pre-analytical considerations specimen collection, calibration, and controls Proposed Guideline. NCCLS publication C27-P, Villanova, Pennsylvania, NCCLS, 1985... 

Yuska DE, Skelly JM, Ferdinand JA, Stevenson RE, Savage JE, Mulik JD, Etines A. 2003. Use of bioindicators and passive sampling devices to evaluate ambient ozone concentrations in north central Pennsylvania. Environ Pollut 125 71-80. 

Samples were taken before and after each of the four applications and at 1, 2, 3, 7, 10, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, and 63 days after the fourth and last application. Field fortifications, in triplicate, were taken at each application and at 10, 35, 49, and 46 days after the last application in California after each application and at 10,35, and 49 days after the last application in Florida and at 10, 35, 49, 46, and 63 days after the last application in Pennsylvania. 

EPA. 1996b. Bioavailability of lead in soil samples from the New Jersey Zinc NPL Site Pahnerton, Pennsylvania. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Region 8. Document Control No. 04800-030-0162. 

Di-/ -octylphthalatc was detected in 4% of the urban runoff samples collected from a total of 15 cities. Di-ra-octylphthalate was detected at three cities at concentrations of 0.4-1 pg/L (Cole et al. 1984). The compound was found in water samples collected at four locations along the entire length of the Mississippi River at concentrations of 24-310 ng/L (DeLeon et al. 1986). At the Butler Mine Tunnel NPL Site located in Pittston, Pennsylvania, di-n-octylphthalate was detected in on-site oil/groundwater samples at concentrations of 110-792,000 ppb (ATSDR 1989b). Di-n-octylphthalate was detected at a concentration of 1 ppb in a water sample collected from the discharge pond of a phthalate ester plant located on the Chester River in Maryland (Peterson and Freeman 1984). Di-n-octylphthalate was found at 0.001-0.02 ppm in water samples taken from a river that received industrial waste water from a specialty chemical manufacturing plant (Jungclaus et al. 1978). 

Dichlorobenzene (all isomers) was identified in 100% of 42 samples of human breast milk collected in 5 urban areas of the United States at concentrations of 0.04-68 ppb (Erickson et al. 1980). Dichlorobenzene (all isomers) was identified in human breast milk in 8 of 12 women who were residents of Bayonne, New Jersey (6 women), Jersey City, New Jersey (2 women), Bridgeville, Pennsylvania (2 women), and Baton Rouge, Louisiana (2 women) however, concentrations were not specifred (Pellizzari et al. 1982). 

The gravitational field affects olfaction as it does vision, audition, or vestibular function. It could impair detection of dangerous fumes or burning electrical equipment in airplanes or space vehicles. Astronauts also report altered perception of food flavors under weightless conditions. Men and women tested with four scratch-and-sniff odor samples of the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test identified odors more poorly when in an upside-down position (Mester eta/., 1988). 

Dr. Garcia was supported by a postdoctoral fellowship provided by the Spanish Research Council (CSIQ. Financial support for the experimental work was provided by The Pennsylvania State University Cooperative Program for Coal Research, llie authors are grateful fcH the sample of yhiran lignite provided by the Istanbul Technical University. 

Obtained from the Resinous Products Division, Rohm and Haas Company, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The checkers found that this resin sometimes liberates carbon dioxide when treated with 1% hydrochloric acid. In such cases the total resin sample may be pretreated in a beaker with 1% hydrochloric acid until no more gas is evolved, and then a 30-in. (rather than 25-in.) column containing 1% hydrochloric acid is packed with resin. Further treatment of the resin is continued as described by the submitters. 

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