PEDOT nanocomposite

A new one-step electrochemical redox route for the synthesis of high quality graphene-PEDOT nanocomposite film based on simultaneous... 

A novel microwave method for preparing V O /PEDOT nanocomposites has been proposed by Murugan et al. [71], which significantly shortened the reaction time to several minutes. Compared with the conventional 12 h of refluxing for intercalative polymerization, the microwave-assisted oxidation polymerization proceeds rapidly, enabling the expansion of the... 

Figure 7.9 (Black) D-spacings of (001) of and V Oj/PEDOT nanocomposite synthesized by a direct microwave irradiation at different intervals. (Grey) Conductivity of products with different microwave irradiation time. The figure was redrawn according to the reference [71].

Similarly, biocompatible pure GO doped PEDOT nanocomposites synthesized by electrochemical polymerization method found to exhibit minimal cytotoxicity after 24 h and supported neuron growth with significantly longer neurites than a control PEDOT/PSS film [116]. Moreover, it is found that functional laminin peptide covalently binds to the surface of the PEDOT/GO film due to the existence of functional carboxyl group without losing its bioactivity which increases the possibility of using this material in biosensing. 

High capacitive G-PEDOT nanocomposites material synthesized using chemical polymerization technique for supercapacitor application. G-PEDOT electrode shows the specific capacitance of 374 F/g (F/g)[72]. The schematic of the synthesis process of G-PEDOT nanomaterial is shown in Fig. 10. 

PEDOT has been synthesized via the micellar route with sodium dodecyl sulfate and dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid.109110 It has been obtained with particle diameters of 35 to 100 nm and conductivities on the order of 50 S cm-1. Nanocomposites containing polythiophene and poly(A-vinylcarbazole) have been formed with average... 

Figure 3.5 SEM images for Ti02 ITO/PEDOT-PSS nanocomposite film (a) cross section (b) surface.

Polythiophene derivates are polymers of great interest, widely used in organic electronics. Thus, the utilization of polythiophene nanofibers could open the path to the development of nanostructured organic electronics with a high surface area for a range of applications. El-Aufy, in his PhD thesis, studied poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene)/ poly(styrenesulfonate) PEDOT/PSS nanofibers and nanocomposites using PAN as a... 

Another way of introducing pre-synthesized metal NPs into nanocomposite materials is mixing with pre-synthesized CPs. It has been shown that simple mixing of PANI with a Pd suspension [73,74] and PEDOT-PSS with Au and Ag dispersions [75] results in the formation of the corresponding metal particle-CP nanocomposites in solution. The encapsulation of pre-synthesized Au NPs in pre-prepared water-soluble poly(aniline-2-carboxylic acid) was found to result in the formation of a composite nanocolloid that remains stable in aqueous solution [76]. 

As already shown, there have been various simple or more sophisticated attempts to involve pre-synthesized metal NPs in the preparation of CP nanocomposite materials. There is, however, little known about the influence of the metal NPs on the bulk properties of the obtained nanocomposites. Indications of increased conductivity have been obtained in the cases of Au NPs-PPY [55], Pd NPs-PPY [77], and Ag NPs-PPY. Enhanced absorbance in the visible range, which depends on the amount of incorporated metal particles was observed for the Ag NPs-PEDOT composite [75]. A shift in the Au absorption peak with applied potential was found for Au NPs immobilized between two PANI electrosynthesized layers [78]. It was suggested that this effect could be used in electroactive plasmonic devices. 

J. Mathiyarasu, S. SenthiUoimar, K.L.N. Phani, and V. Yegnaraman, PEDOT-Au nanocomposite film for electrochemical sensing. Mater. Lett., 62, 571-573. (2008). 

PEDOT/Au NP nanocomposite DPV 0.12pA/nM 20-130 pM 2 nM Electrochemical polymerization, ascorbic acid interference [43]... 

White wines PEDOT/Au and Pt nanocomposites DPV Principal component analysis [48]... 

FIGURE 4.2 Continuous structures of polymer nanocomposites. (A) SEM image of thermoplastic elastomer/CNT composite with CNT dispersed in polymer matrix. (B) SEM image of PPy/Au nanocomposite with ordered porous structure. (C) SEM image of P(VDF-HFP)/Si02 composite with porous structure. (D) TEM image of PEDOT/graphene composite with a multilayer structure. (A) Reproduced with permission from reference Koemer, H., Price, G., Pearce,... 

Cho, E.-C., Li, C.-R, Huang, J.-H., Lee, K.-C., Huang, J.-H., 2015. Three-dimensional conductive nanocomposites based on multiwaUed carbon nanotube networks and PEDOT PSS as a flexible transparent electrode for optoelectronics. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 7,11668-11676. 

Transparent SWNT/insulating polymer nanocomposites have not been made with high conductivity values, mainly because of the intrinsic charge localization arising from insulating polymer dispersant. In a direct comparison, SWNTs were stabilized with insulating surfactant (SDS) or conductive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) PSS. " Both SWNT dispersions were introduced into a polystyrene matrix via a latex-based route. Composites with PEDOT PSS-stabilized SWNTs showed a percolation threshold of 0.18 wt% and a conductivity value of 500 S m compared with 3.8 wt% and 20 S m for the SDS-based composites, respectively. The authors attributed the conductivity enhancement to conduction bridge formed by the conductive polymer between adjacent SWNTs. 

PEDOT with and without the dopant PSS has been the most commonly used conductive polymer for SWNT composites. De et al prepared composite films by vacuum filtration from aqueous dispersions with PEDOT PSS as the matrix and both arc and HiPCO SWNTs as the filler. The optimal performance was observed for a 80 nm thick film containing 60 wt /o arc SWNTs, with a sheet resistance of 80 Q sq at 75 /o transmittance. Electromechanical testing showed these films to be stable under flexing and cycling. Later, a modified PEDOT copolymer with enhanced solubility, perchlorate-doped poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-Z /ock-poly(ethyleneox-ide) (P-PEDOT-b-PEO) was used to disperse SWNTs and then to fabricate conductive nanocomposites via vacuum filtration method.The sheet resistance of the composite film was approximately 600 Q sq with 80 /o transmittance. 

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