Supercapacitor application

The contribution by Rouzaud et al. teaches to apply a modified version of high resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) as an efficient technique of quantitative investigation of the mechanism of irreversible capacity loss in various carbon candidates for application in lithium-ion batteries. The authors introduce the Corridor model , which is interesting and is likely to stimulate active discussion within the lithium-ion battery community. Besides carbon fibers coated with polycarbon (a candidate anode material for lithium-ion technology), authors study carbon aerogels, a known material for supercapacitor application. Besides the capability to form an efficient double electric layer in these aerogels, authors... 

Frackowiak E (2007) Carbon materials for supercapacitor application. Phys Chem Chem Phys 9 1774-1785. 

Kim, l.-H., et ah, Synthesis and characterization of electrochemically prepared ruthenium oxide on carbon nanotube film substrate for supercapacitor applications. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 2005.152(11) p. A2170-A2178. 

Yu A, Roes 1, Davies A et al (2010) Ultrathin, transparent, and flexible graphene films for supercapacitor application. Appl Phys Lett 96 253105... 

Chmiola, J., Yushin, G., Gogotsi, Y., Portet, C., Simon, P., and Tabema, P.-L. Effect of pore size on electrochemical behavior of carbide derived carbon for supercapacitor applications. In 231st ACS Spring Meeting. Atlanta, GA, 2006. 

Contrarily to Li-ion batteries, the supercapacitor application requires highly developed surface area carbons with micropores adapted to the size of the ions involved in the formation of the electric double layer. In this case, the additional presence of mesopores is crucial to fulfill the demand of fast charge propagation with a minimal time constant. It seems that the most suitable would be to increase the amount of mesopores in KOH activated carbons or to increase the microporosity of the essentially mesoporous template carbons. A further improvement of the materials could be a special carbon doping by the incorporation of heteroatoms able to provide useful pseudocapacitance effects. 

Kim, I.H., J.H. Kim, Y.H. Lee, and K.B. Kim, Synthesis and characterization of electro-chemically prepared ruthenium oxide on carbon nanotube film substrate for supercapacitor applications. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2005. 152(11) pp. A2170-A2178 Kim, I.H., J.H. Kim, and K.B. Kim, Electrochemical characterization of electrochemically prepared ruthenium oxide/carbon nanotube electrode for supercapacitor application. Electrochemical and Solid State Letters, 2005. 8(7) pp. A369-A372... 

A. Subramania and S. L. Devi, Polyaniline nanofibers by surfactant-assisted dilute pol)mier-ization for supercapacitor applications, Polym. Adv. TechnoL, 19, 725-727 (2008). 

BRO 10] Brousse T., Pseudocapacitive materials for supercapacitor applications . International Conference on Advanced Capacitors (ICAC2010), Meeting abstract, Kyoto, Japan, 31 May-2 June 2010. 

GHI 14] Ghtmrett C.M., Malak-Polaczyk A., Frackowiak E., et al., Template-derived high smface area Iambda-Mn02 for supercapacitor applications . Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, vol. 44, pp. 123—132, 2014. 

Fan, W., Zhang, C., Tjiu, W.W., Eramoda, K.E, He, C., Liu, T., 2013. Graphene-wrapped polyaniline hollow spheres as novel hybrid electrode materials for supercapacitor applications. ACS Appl. Mater. 

Huang, J. S., B. G. Sumpter, and V. Meunier. 2008. A universal model for nanoporous carbon supercapacitors applicable to diverse pore regimes, carbon materials, and electrolytes. Chemistry—A European Journal 14 6614-6626. 

Niu, J., W. G. Pelf and B. E. Conway. 2006. Requirements for performance characterization of C double-layer supercapacitors Applications to a high specific-area C-cloth material. Journal of Power Sources 156 725-740. 

FIG U RE 2.3 Ragone plots for the fully charged carbon-cloth electrode for various constant currents as marked on the figure for four electrolyte eoncentrations 0.01 M ( ), 0.05 M ( ), 0.5 M (A), and 5 M (t). (Reprinted from Journal of Power Sources, 156, Niu, J., W. G. Pell, and B. E. Conway, Requirements for performance characterization of C double-layer supercapacitors Applications to a high specific-area C-cloth material, 725-740, Copyright 2006, with permission from Elsevier.)... 

FIGURE 2.19 Structure, abbreviation, and cosmo volume evaluated by CosmothermX interface of studied anion (X ) in lithium salt (LiX). (Reprinted with permission from Boisset, A. et al. 2013. Comparative performances of birnessite and cryptomelane Mn02 as electrode material in neutral aqueous lithium salt for supercapacitor application. Journal of Physical Chemistry C 117 7408-7422. Copyright 2013 American Chemical Society.)... 

FIGURE 2.77 Ragone plot for supercapacitors built from AC in different electrolytes. (Reprinted with permission from Frackowiak, E., G. Lota, and J. Pernak. Room-temperature phosphonium ionic liquids for supercapacitor application. Applied Physics Letters 86 l-3. Copyright 2005, American Institute of Physics Publishing LLC.)... 

Ramasamy, C., J. P. del Val, and M. Anderson. 2014. An analysis of ethylene glycol-aqueous based electrolyte system for supercapacitor applications. Journal of Power Sources 248 370-377. 

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