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Paraffin Names

Name base longest straight chain of carhon atoms Numbered to give the lowest sum [Pg.47]

The alkyl groups attached to the carbon base are methyl and isopropyl [Pg.47]


The simultaneous reaction of sulfur dioxide and chlorine with paraffins, named sulfochlorination, was discovered by Reed and Horn in the 1930s [9]. The primary products of this reaction are the alkanesulfochlorides [10], which can be saponified to alkanesulfonates by sodium hydroxide solution or treated with substituted phenolates to give plasticisers. In a short time the process was industrially realized to secure detergent production during World War II in Germany [11]. [Pg.154]

Intereshngly, the comparison of the carbonyl-NMR shifts with their net charges (Table 6.4, Fig. 6.5) indicates the same trend as that observed for the sp carbon atoms in paraffins, namely, a high-held shift with increasing positive net charge. [Pg.76]

The three parent radicals mentioned earlier would decompose to form the same product distributions as the corresponding Cn, Cn+i, and Cn+2 n-paraffins namely, the whole range of smaller olefins, methane, and ethane. It is doubtful that any other addition reactions are significant. [Pg.19]

The diffuslvities of paraffins are not dependent on the minimum molecular size, but are influenced by the carbon number of the paraffin, namely, molecular length. The longer the hydrocarbon molecules are, the smaller the diffuslvities are. [Pg.480]

Nujol A trade name for a heavy medicinal liquid paraffin. Extensively used as a mulling agent in spectroscopy. [Pg.284]

Vaseline A trade name for soft paraffin. Yellow and white semi-solid, partly translucent mixtures of hydrocarbons of the paraffin series ranging from CijHji to C2oH42- Obtained from the high-boiling fractions of petroleum... [Pg.418]

Alkanes from CH to C4gFlg2 typically appear in crude oil, and represent up to 20% of the oil by volume. The alkanes are largely chemically inert (hence the name paraffins, meaning little affinity), owing to the fact that the carbon bonds are fully saturated and therefore cannot be broken to form new bonds with other atoms. This probably explains why they remain unchanged over long periods of geological time, despite their exposure to elevated temperatures and pressures. [Pg.91]

An older name for alkanes is paraffin hydrocarbons Paraffin is derived from the Latin words parum affims ( with little affinity ) and testifies to the low level of reactivity of alkanes... [Pg.83]

Para (Section 11 7) Term describing a 1 4 relationship be tween substituents on a benzene nng Paraffin hydrocarbons (Section 2 18) An old name for al kanes and cycloalkanes... [Pg.1290]

Open-chain saturated hydrocarbons have the generic names alkanes and paraffins. In this article, terms such as hexanes, heptanes, and octanes are synonymous with C, C, and Cg alkanes, respectively, and do not refer to the straight chains of 6 carbons, 7 carbons, and 8 carbons, as defined in the lUPAC system. [Pg.45]

Name (source) Gravity, °API Sulfur, wt % Vol % of cmde Gravity, °API Octane, research Paraffins, wt % Cyclo-par affins, wt % Aromatics, wt %... [Pg.307]

Paraffin hydrocarbons (Section 2.18) An old name for alkanes and cycloalkanes. [Pg.1290]

The Institut Fran ais du Petrole has developed and commercialized a process, named Dimersol X, based on a homogeneous catalyst, which selectively produces dimers from butenes. The low-branching octenes produced are good starting materials for isononanol production. This process is catalyzed by a system based on a nickel(II) salt, soluble in a paraffinic hydrocarbon, activated with an alkylalumini-um chloride derivative directly inside the dimerization reactor. The reaction is sec-... [Pg.271]

Paraffins are straight or branched chain hydrocarbons having the chemical formula C ii2 +2- The name of each member ends with ane examples are propane, isopentane, and normal heptane (Figure 2-1). [Pg.41]

Replacing the H-atoms by alkyl radicals, that is, replacing / by the generating series r(x) of the alkyl radicals (as in Sec. 58) and representing the m C-atoms of the initial compound by the factor X , we get the generating function of the special disubstituted paraffins discussed here, namely... [Pg.68]

The measurement of reaction heats is called calorimetry—a name obviously related to the unit of heat, the calorie. You already have some experience in calorimetry. In Experiment 5 you measured the heat of combustion of a candle and the heat of solidification of paraffin. Then in Experiment 13 you measured the heat evolved when NaOH reacted with HC1. The device you used was a simple calorimeter. [Pg.111]

A series of nitrated and unsaturated hydrocarbons. The base molecule for nomenclature purposes is usually called the "ethylene series1 because the first member is ethylene, C2H4 hence a molecular type CnH(2n-x)Nx02x s derived. Other compds in the series are named after corresponding paraffins by adding to the stem ene or ylene such as 1-nitro propylene, C3H5NO2. Olefms with two conjugeted double bonds are called dienes , such as butadiene. [Pg.422]

According to Stettbacher (Ref 11, Vol 2), an expl contg Amm perchlorate 90 and paraffin 10%, was used for military purposes under the name Parammon (qv). This seems to be the same expl as Perammon , used by the French during WWI... [Pg.648]

Note that in contrast with normal paraffins (Equation 10), beta fission at the branch point is exothermic, and the reaction is energetically allowed. A similar exothermic reaction can be written using C2H5 + as the reactant ion, and two other reactions equivalent to Reaction 12 can be written—namely, those with the charge in the initially formed C2i+ ion on the other two branches of the molecule. One of these other reactions will also produce a Ci4 + ion, but the other will produce a Ci5 + ion. [Pg.186]

Intermediate liquid 8 values are obtained by mixing liquids of known solubility parameter SPS makes use of this. The 8 value of the mixture is equal to the volume-weighted sum of the individual component liquid 8 values. Thus, the mass uptake of a miscible liquid mixture by an elastomer may be very much greater than the swelling which would occur in the presence of either one of the constituent liquids alone. The mixture could of course comprise more than two liquid components, and an analogous situation would apply MERL have applied this approach for the offshore oil-production industry to allow realistic hydrocarbon model oils to be developed,basically by mixing one simple aliphatic (paraffinic) hydrocarbon, one naphthenic, and one aromatic to proportions that meet two criteria, namely, that... [Pg.637]


See other pages where Paraffin Names is mentioned: [Pg.46]    [Pg.47]    [Pg.235]    [Pg.46]    [Pg.47]    [Pg.235]    [Pg.18]    [Pg.302]    [Pg.204]    [Pg.79]    [Pg.193]    [Pg.65]    [Pg.158]    [Pg.211]    [Pg.182]    [Pg.137]    [Pg.1255]    [Pg.27]    [Pg.28]    [Pg.182]    [Pg.271]    [Pg.286]    [Pg.405]    [Pg.631]    [Pg.317]    [Pg.42]    [Pg.1247]    [Pg.129]    [Pg.42]    [Pg.44]    [Pg.857]    [Pg.190]    [Pg.193]   


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