Nitro-propylene

A series of nitrated and unsaturated hydrocarbons. The base molecule for nomenclature purposes is usually called the "ethylene series1 because the first member is ethylene, C2H4 hence a molecular type CnH(2n-x)Nx02x s derived. Other compds in the series are named after corresponding paraffins by adding to the stem ene or ylene such as 1-nitro propylene, C3H5NO2. Olefms with two conjugeted double bonds are called dienes , such as butadiene. 

The basis of the demonstration can be based on already published data on the surface reaction between NOz and adsorbed organic compounds. Yokoyama and Misono have shown that the rates of N02 reduction over zeolite or silica are proportional to the concentration of adsorbed propene [29], whereas Il ichev et al. have demonstrated that N02 reacts with pre-adsorbed ethylene and propylene on H-ZSM-5 and Cu-ZSL-5 to form nitro-compounds [30], Chen et al [2-4] have observed the same nitrogen-containing deposits on MFI-supported iron catalysts. The question on the pairing of nitrogen atoms is not considered here. 

Reaetion (31) suggests acrolein as a key intermediate in SCR of NO by propylene. The formation of nitro species by this reaetion was already diseussed in the literature and evideneed by a significant reduction in the surface concentration of propylene adspecies in the presenee of a NO2 + O2 mixture[133, 134]. Note that the role of organie nitro species as active intermediate in the SCR of NO over Cu-ZSM-5 was already diseussed by Hayes et al.[135]. In addition, in TPR experiments, we observe Cu forming predominantly on the surfaee of Cu-Al-MCM-41 after exposure to CsHg, and a redox of Cu and Cu during the reaetion. It is therefore possible to postulate that the divalent eopper ion is reduced to monovalent in the conditions of the reaetion between adsorbed propylene and NO2 species. 

Alkenes react with dinitrogen pentoxide in chlorinated solvents to give a mixture of /3-nitro-nitrate, vic-dinitro, vic-dinitrate ester and nitroalkene compounds. At temperatures between -30 °C and -10 °C the /3-nitro-nitrate is often the main product. The /3-nitro-nitrates are inherently unstable and readily form the corresponding nitroalkenes." Propylene reacts with dinitrogen pentoxide in methylene chloride between -10 °C and 0°C to form a mixture of l-nitro-2-propanol nitrate (27 %) and isomeric nitropropenes (12 %). The same reaction with cyclohexene is more complicated." ... 

Diethyizinc is changed to an active catalyst for the polymerization of ethylene oxide and propylen oxide by reacting it with an appropriate amount of water, alcohol, acetone, amine, nitro compound, or nitroso compound. This type of catalyst gives high molecular weight (over one million) polymers from ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. 

The condensation (already mentioned in Section IV,B,2,a of 2-nitro-l-phenylpropene with dimedone leads to 6,7-dihydro-3-phenyl-2,6,6-trimethyl-4(5/f)-benzofuranone (321).705 c. Ichikawa Reaction.731,732 The oxymercurial derivative of propylene... 

Ion Water Acetone Acetonitrile Propylene Carbonate Nitro- methane Nitro- benezene Dimethyl formamide Dimethyl Sulfoxide Sulfolane (40°C)... 

In contrast, dipolar aprotic solvents possess large relative permittivities (sr > 15), sizeable dipole moments p > 8.3 10 ° Cm = 2.5 D), and average C.f values of 0.3 to 0.5. These solvents do not act as hydrogen-bond donors since their C—H bonds are not sufficiently polarized. However, they are usually good EPD solvents and hence cation sol-vators due to the presence of lone electron pairs. Among the most important dipolar aprotic solvents are acetone, acetonitrile [75], benzonitrile, A,A-dimethylacetamide [76, 77], A,A-dimethylformamide [76-78], dimethylsulfone [79], dimethyl sulfoxide [80-84], hex-amethylphosphoric triamide [85], 1-methylpyrrolidin-2-one [86], nitrobenzene, nitro-methane [87], cyclic carbonates such as propylene carbonate (4-methyl-l,3-dioxol-2-one) [88], sulfolane (tetrahydrothiophene-1,1-dioxide) [89, 90, 90a], 1,1,3,3-tetramethylurea [91, 91a] and tetrasubstituted cyclic ureas such as 3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-l,3-dimethyl-pyr-imidin-2-(l//)-one (dimethyl propylene urea, DMPU) [133]. The latter is a suitable substitute for the carcinogenic hexamethylphosphoric triamide cf. Table A-14) [134]. 

Caution. Azides can be explosive. Robust face shields (which also provide neck protection), blast screens, and guard tubes should be used, where appropriate, during the manipulation of fluoro azides. A solution of 2-fluoro-2-nitro-l,3-propylene ditosylate (14 0.447 g, 1.0 mmol) and NaNj (0.20 g, 3.0 mmol) in DMSO (5 mL) was heated at 65 C for 20 h. The mixture was then cooled, diluted with H O (45 mL), and extracted with (THjClj (3 X 20 mL). The CHjCl solution was washed with HjO (5 x 30mL), dried, and stripped of solvent to give 15 yield 0.184g (97%). 

A platinum-based catalyst, such as Adams catalyst, is an alternative to nickel and palladium, and is more active. For example, when the reaction in equation (24) is carried out in the presence of a plati-nium catalyst, the nitro group is also reduced. The hydrogenolysis of 2-butene oxide and propylene oxide proceeds at a slightly lower temperature than when using nickel, and for propylene oxide the... 

Redox processes involving 178 have also been studied.Anodic oxidation of thianthrene has been eifected in a wide variety of solvents. Use of trifluoracetic acid gives stable solutions of 178 and, if perchloric acid is included, the solid perchlorate salt may be isolated on evaporation of the solvent after electrolysis. Dichloromethane at low temperatures has been used and, at the opposite extreme, fused aluminum chloride-sodium chloride mixtures. " Propylene carbonate permits the ready formation of 178, whereas the inclusion of water in solvent mixtures gives an electrochemical means of sulfoxidizing thianthrene. Reversible oxidation of 178 to thianthrenium dication may be brought about in customary solvents such as nitriles, nitro compounds, and dichloromethane if the solvent is treated with neutral alumina immediately before voltammetry addition of trifluoracetic anhydride to trifluoracetic acid equally ensures a water-free medium. The availability of anhydrous solvent systems which permit the reversible oxidation and reduction of 178 has enabled the determination of the equilibrium constants for the disproportionation of the radical and for its equilibria with other aromatic materials. ... 

Nitroglycerin (Nitro-Bid) rV infusion after dilution 70% Ethanol 4.5% Propylene glycol... 

Chemical Formulas A mixture of propylene glycol dinitrate, C3HgN20g 2-Nitro-dipheny-lamine, C12H10N2O2 and Dibutyl sebacate, C18H34O4... 

Nitrodiphenylamine is a solid. Otto Fuel II contains 2-nitrodiphenylamine to control the explosion of propylene glycol dinitrate. It is also used as a solvent dye. Other names for 2-nitrodiphenylamine are 2-nitrobenzamine, 2-nitro-N-phenyl, 2-nitro-N-phenylaniline, and Sudan Yellow 1339. 

Dinitrogen pentoxide reacts with propylene in methylene chloride at —25° to give I-nitro-2-propyl nitrate and a mixture of nitrooleflns in which 3-nitropropene... 

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