Other design items

The main design aspects of hydraulic fills are discussed in the previous chapters which mainly focus on the geomechanical properties of the fill mass and subsoil. There are, however, more design aspects such as drainage, wind erosion and slope protection that require attention as well. Although this Manual will not discuss these aspects in detail, an overview and relevant references will be presented. 

Inadequate drainage may seriously hamper the use of a reclamation as water from natural precipitation (rain, melting snow and ice), overtopping or other sources may 

Should the anticipated amount of ponding and/or (uncontrolled) surface runoff be considered unacceptable, then an artificial drainage system may be necessary. This usually comprises a number of special measures that can be taken to improve the infiltration and/or to control the ponding and surface runoff in order to transport the water to a suitable location where it can be discharged into open water (river, sea) without affecting surrounding facilities. 

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In addition to the geotechnical behaviour, a design should also take into account aspects like drainage of the reclaimed area, wind erosion, and slope, bed and bank protection. A short introduction to these subjects and some relevant references are presented in Chapter 10 Other design items. 

In order to make the Encyclopedia ascompactas possible we used abbreviations, many of which are the same as used in Chemical Abstracts except that periods after abbreviations are omitted. A list of abbreviations symbols, code letters and special designations of items connected with explosives, propellants, pyrotechnics, ammunition and weapons is included in this work. This list is placed immediately before the Encyclopedia proper (see Abbreviations, pp Abbr 1-59) and also includes abbreviations and code letters for various Ordnance establishments, industrial installations and scientific institutions, both US and foreign. Some additional abbreviations are given in a supplementary list (see Abbreviations, pp Abbr 59-65). Wherever we have been able to do so and are permitted by security regulations, the meaning of code letters on ammunition, weapons and other military items is briefly explained... 

Information about equipment sizes and configurations, and sometimes performance, of equipment is best found in manufacturers catalogs. Items 1 and 2 of References, Section 1.1, Part D, contain some advertisements with illustrations, but perhaps their principal value is in the listings of manufacturers by the kind of equipment. Thomas Register covers all manufacturers and so is less convenient at least for an initial search. The other three items of this group of books have illustrations and descriptions of all kinds of chemical process equipment. Although these books are old, one is surprised to note how many equipment designs have survived. 

Factors relating to the safety of a chemical plant have so far been ignored. This is mainly because it is impossible to discuss all the aspects of plant design initially in a set of notes. The designer will obviously design items of equipment, and perform other tasks in process design, in... 

In the making of snuff bottles and other small items, gourds and other fruits can be placed in wooden or metal molds while they were still growing. The inside of these molds are carved in reverse so that the positive designs will be impressed into the adult fruit. Objects created in this way were often lacquered or decorated after they were removed from the mold. Other fruits molded in this way include tangerines, oranges, and lemons. 

Small pieces of bone have been used to make jewelry, buttons, and other personal items, often in imitation of ivory. Domestic animals that are used as food or beasts of burden are the source of most commercial bone. These include cattle, camel, and water buffalo. Scrimshaw is an art form in which designs are scratched a light-colored material, and then ink or paint is rubbed into the lines. The raw material used is often ivory (teeth) or bone. 

A capital investment is required for any industrial process, and determination of the necessary investment is an important part of a plant-design project. The total investment for any process consists of fixed-capital investment for physical equipment and facilities in the plant plus working capital which must be available to pay salaries, keep raw materials and products on hand, and handle other special items requiring a direct cash outlay. Thus, in an analysis of costs in industrial processes, capital-investment costs, manufacturing costs, and general expenses including income taxes must be taken into consideration. 

We go back to the phased method. As said, a team has to learn at least three important things - and often more. The three are learning to please the customer, to make the product, and to market and sell the product. One needs to look at all three, and at other important items, in each phase again. The team works on all aspects of design in parallel. This is also described as concurrently. ... 

The most commonly employed method of inventory control is the visual inspection method. This method requires the pharmacist, or other designated personnel, to visually inspect the number of items remaining on a shelf. From this number, the person then determines whether there is adequate inventory or whether an order should be placed. The person may use the ROP and EOQ to help determine whether an order should be placed and the quantity of fhe order. This is a fixed-quantity reorder system, in which the date of reordering varies but the quantity remains the same. 

Information available to healthcare professionals Promotional material must be accessible to healthcare professionals only via a secure system that is designed to prevent access by members of the general public. Companies must take all reasonable steps to ensure that these information sources are appropriate and will enhance the appropriate prescribing, dispensing and usage of medicines in Australia. Any promotional material provided to healthcare professionals via the internet must comply with the requirements for other promotional items. 

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