Osteoarthritis chondroitin

Chitosan freeze-dried fleeces support chondrocyte attachment and synthesis of extracellular matrix [344]. Chitosan was used to assist the spontaneous tissue repair of the meniscus [345]. The repair of the cartilage and the prevention of its degradation in osteoarthritis is, however, possible with the association of glucosamine sulfate salt and chondroitine sulfate, the latter being particularly effective [346]. 

In various types of arthritis, proteoglycans may act as autoantigens, thus contributing to the pathologic feamres of these conditions. The amount of chondroitin sulfate in cartilage diminishes with age, whereas the amounts of keratan sulfate and hyaluronic acid increase. These changes may contribute to the development of osteoarthritis. Changes in the amounts of cer-... 

Richy F, Bruyere O, Ethgen O, et al. Structural and symptomatic efficacy of glucosamine and chondroitin in knee osteoarthritis A comprehensive meta-analysis. Arch Intern Med 2003 163 1514-1522. 

Q72 Gl ucosamine is a natural substance that is present in tendons and ligaments. Glucosamine is used for the symptomatic relief of mild-to-moderate osteoarthritis in combination with chondroitin. 

Glucosamine is an amino sugar derivative occurring naturally in healthy tendons, ligaments and cartilage. Its use has been shown to be effective in the symptomatic relief of osteoarthritis, especially in combination with chondroitin, also a derivative of cartilage. 

Clegg D et al Glucosamine, chondroitin sulfate, and the two in combination for painful knee osteoarthritis. N Engl J Med 2006 354 795. [PMID 16495392]... 

Campo, G. M., Avenoso, A., Campo, S., D Ascola, A., Traina, P., and Calatroni, A. (2008). Chondroitin-4-sulphate inhibits NF- translocation and caspase activation in collagen-induced arthritis in mice. Osteoarthr. Cartil. 16,1474-1483. 

Legendre, F., Bauge, M., Roche, R., Saurel, A. S., and Pujol, J. P. (2008). Chondroitin sulfate modulation of matrix and inflammatory gene expression in IL-l-stimulated chondrocytes-study in hypoxic alginate bead cultures. Osteoarthr. Cartil. 16,105-114. 

Volpi, N. (2006). Advances in chondroitin sulfate analysis Application in physiological and pathological states of connective tissue, and during pharmacological treatment of osteoarthritis. Curr. Pharm. Des. 12, 639-658. 

It has been suggested that dietary supplements such as glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate may help protect articular cartilage and halt or reverse joint degeneration in osteoarthritis. These two compounds are key ingredients needed for the production of several... 

Consequently, it appears that glucosamine and chondroitin supplements are certainly worth a trial for many patients with osteoarthritis. Some gastrointestinal problems may occur, but these supplements are usually well tolerated. Although these supplements are available over-the-counter in the United States, people with osteoarthritis should consult their physician and pharmacist before self-administration. Likewise, patients should be educated on the proper dosage, and should be reminded that these products may need to be consumed for several weeks or months before beneficial effects become apparent. Long-term studies on the effects of these supplements are currently being conducted, and clinicians should try to stay abreast of any new information about the potential benefits of glucosamine and chondroitin. 

Finally, the use of DMOADs (viscosupplementation, glucosamine, chondroitin) to restore joint function in osteoarthritis is fairly new, and it is not clear if these techniques will have any side effects that will have a direct impact on physical rehabilitation. Likewise, it remains to be seen if there are any rehabilitation techniques (exercise, physical agents) that could enhance the effectiveness of DMOADs. It is hoped that these techniques will work synergistically with physical therapy to improve function in patients with osteoarthritic joints. 

McAlindon TE, LaValley MP, Gulin JP, Felson DT. Glucosamine and chondroitin for treatment of osteoarthritis a systematic quality assessment and meta-analysis. JAMA. 2000 283 1469-1475. 

Chondroitin Chondroitin sulfate Bovine tracheal cartilage Osteoarthritis (combined with glucosamine]... 

Glucosamine 2-amino-2-deoxyglucose glucosamine sulfate Manufactured synthetically from sugar-protein precursors Osteoarthritis (combined with chondroitin]... 

Glucosamine and chondroitin are chondroprotective agents which are used in the treatment of osteoarthritis. There is conflicting evidence regarding their efficacy and their place in the management of osteoarthritis is unclear. They are not recommended by NICE for osteoarthritis (NICE, 2008). 

It can be seen in Table 3 that many common disease states are being treated by self-medication with nutraceuticals joint pain, particularly caused by rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis (OA) is both widespread, and also often treated with glucosamine, chondroitin, and MSM by this population. Impotence and insomnia have high incidence amongst this population, and are treated with dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and melatonin, respectively, but there is also a substantial incidence of degenerative eye conditions, often treated... 

Cohen, M. Wolfe, R. Mai, T. Lewis, D. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trail of a topical cream containing glucosamine sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, and camphor for osteoarthritis of the knee. J. Rheumatol. 2003, 30 (3), 523-528. 

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