Knee, osteoarthritis

Messier SP, Loeser RF, Miller GD, et al. Exercise and dietary weight loss in overweight and obese older adults with knee osteoarthritis The Arthritis, Diet, and Activity Promotion Trial. Arthritis Rheum 2004 50 1501-1510. 

Richy F, Bruyere O, Ethgen O, et al. Structural and symptomatic efficacy of glucosamine and chondroitin in knee osteoarthritis A comprehensive meta-analysis. Arch Intern Med 2003 163 1514-1522. 

Creamer et al. (1994) reported cases of breast cancer where the use of tamoxifen was temporally related to the development of an inflammatory polyarthritis resembling rheumatoid arthritis. Cases of cyclical psoriatic arthritis, however, have positively responded to antiestrogen therapy (Stevens et al. 1993). Tsai and Liu (1992) have shown that tamoxifen concurrently injected with estradiol benzoate antagonizes the condrodestructive effects of estradiol at the early stage of knee osteoarthritis in rabbits. 

S) ) formulation has been tested. Ibuprofen cream was more effective than placebo cream in the treatment of primary knee osteoarthritis. 

Rovensky J et al Treatment of knee osteoarthritis with a topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study on the efficacy and safety of a 5% ibuprofen cream. Drugs Exp Clin Res 2001 27 209. [PMID 11951579]... 

Glucosamine is found in human tissue, is a substrate for the production of articular cartilage, and serves as a cartilage nutrient. Glucosamine is commercially derived from crabs and other crustaceans. As a dietary supplement, glucosamine is primarily used for pain associated with knee osteoarthritis. Sulfate and hydrochloride forms are available, but recent research has shown the hydrochloride form to be ineffective. 

Clegg D et al Glucosamine, chondroitin sulfate, and the two in combination for painful knee osteoarthritis. N Engl J Med 2006 354 795. [PMID 16495392]... 

McAlindon T et al Effectiveness of glucosamine for symptoms of knee osteoarthritis Results from an internet-based randomized double-blind controlled trial. Am J Med 2004 117 643. [PMID 15501201]... 

Aggarwal A, Sempowski IP. Hyaluronic acid injections for knee osteoarthritis. Systematic review of the literature. Can Fam Physician. 2004 50 249-256. 

Oral ibuprofen is often prescribed in lower doses (< 2400 mg/d), at which it has analgesic but not anti-inflammatory efficacy. It is available over the counter in low-dose forms under several trade names. A topical cream preparation appears to be absorbed into fascia and muscle an (S)( ) formulation has been tested. Ibuprofen cream was more effective than placebo cream for the treatment of primary knee osteoarthritis. A liquid gel preparation of ibuprofen 400 mg provided faster relief and superior overall efficacy in postsurgical dental pain. In comparison with indomethacin, ibuprofen decreases urine output less and also causes less fluid retention than indomethacin. Ibuprofen has been shown to be effective in closing patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants, with much the same efficacy and safety as indomethacin. Oral ibuprofen is as effective as intravenous administration in this condition. 

Valdes AM, Hart DJ, Jones KA, Surdulescu G, Swarbrick P, Doyle DV, Schafer AJ, Spector TD. Candidate gene association study of the prevalence and progression of knee osteoarthritis. Arthritis and Rheumatism 2004 50 2497- 2507. 

Tetracyclines have been investigated in experimental osteoarthritis, because metalloproteases are involved in the breakdown of cartilage matrix seen in this condition. Doxycycline reduced the severity of knee osteoarthritis induced in dogs by ligamentous section (27) and also reduced the degradation of type XI collagen exposed to extract of human arthritic cartilage (28). 

In early 2009, a phase II clinical trial sponsored by a company aptly named CherryPharm was launched to determine the effects of drinking cherry juice on pain perception in subjects with severe knee osteoarthritis. This human research was based on laboratory studies charting inflammation-induced pain behavior in rats. Results showed that tart cherry extracts reduce inflammation-induced pain and edema similarly to a dose of the pain-relief drug indomethacin. Although these studies indicate that tart cherry anthocyanins may have a beneficial role in the treatment of inflammatory pain, most of this research is based on test-tube or rat studies, meaning that progress remains within the lower half of the research pyramid. 

Amin S, Niu J, Guermazi A, et al. Cigarette smoking and the risk for cartilage loss and knee pain in men with knee osteoarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2007 66(1) 18-22. 

Pendleton A, Arden N, Dougados M, et al. EULAR recommendations for the management of knee osteoarthritis Report of a task force of the Standing Committee for International CUnical Studies Including Therapeutic Trials (ESCISIT). Ann Rheumc Dis 2000 59 936-944. 

McAlindon TE, Wilson PWF, Aliabadi P, et al. Level of physical activity and the risk of radiographic and symptomatic knee osteoarthritis in the elderly The Framingham study. Am J Med 1999 106 151-157. 

Mazzuca S. Plain radiography in the evaluation of knee osteoarthritis. Curr Opin Rheumatol 1997 9 263-267. 

Morreale P, Manopulo R, Galati M, et al. Comparison of the antiinflammatory efficacy of chondroitin sulfate and diclofenac sodium in patients with knee osteoarthritis. J Rheumatol 1996 23 1385-1391. 

Uebelhart D, Thonar E, Delmas DP, et al. Effects of oral chondroitin sulfate on the progression of knee osteoarthritis A pilot study. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 1998 6(Suppl A) 39 6. 

Bruyere O, Compere S, Rovati LC, et al. Five-year follow up of patients from a previous 3-year randomized, controlled trial of glucosamine sulfate in knee osteoarthritis. Arthritis Rheum 2003 48 S80. 

Brandt KD, Mazzuca SA, Katz BP, Lane KA. Doxycycline (Doxy) Slows the Rate of Joint Space Narrowing (JSN) in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis (OA). American College of Rheumatology 68th Annual Meeting, San Antonio, Texas, October 21—28, 2003. Abstract LB22. 

Uebelhart D, Malaise M, Marcolongo R, DeVathaire F, Piperno M, Mailleux E, Fioravanti A, Matoso L, Vignon E. Intermittent treatment of knee osteoarthritis with oral chondroitin sulfate a one-year, randomized, double-blind, multicenter study versus placebo. Osteoarthr Cartil 2004 124 269-276. 

Lo GH, LaValley M, McAlindon T, Felson DT. Intra-articular hyaluronic acid in treatment of knee osteoarthritis a meta-analysis. JAMA 2003 290 3115-3121. 

Kahan A, Lieu PL, Salin L. Prospective randomized study comparing the medicoeconomic benefits of Hylan GF-20 vs. conventional treatment in knee osteoarthritis. Joint Bone Spine 2003 70 276-281. 

Raynauld J-P, Torrance GW, Band PA, Goldsmith CH, Tugwell P, Walker V, Schultz M, Bellamy N. A prospective, randomized, pragmatic, health outcomes trial evaluating the incorporation of hylan GF-20 into the treatment paradigm for patients with knee osteoarthritis (Part 1 of 2) clinical results. Osteoarth Cartilage 2002 10 506-517. 

Altman RD, Akermark C, Beaulieu AD, Schnitzer T. Efficacy and safety of a single intra-articular injection of non-animal stabilized hyaluronic acid (NASHA) in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2004 12 642-649. 

Kaufman, K.R. et al, Gait characteristics of patients with knee osteoarthritis, / Biomech., 34, 907,... 

Kerrigan, D.C. et al, Effectiveness of a lateral-wedge insole on knee varus torque in patients with knee osteoarthritis, Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil., 83,889,2002. 

With knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients increasing to a staggering 19 million in 2010, treatment by viscosupplementation has become popular. Visco-supplementation refers to the concept of synovial fluid replacement with intra-articular injections of hyaluronan mainly for the relief of pain associated with OA [47,48]. Intra-articular injections of hyaluronan ameliorate pain and function, generally for up to 3 months with no serious adverse events. In the... 

Jackson, D.W., Simon, T.M. 2006. Intra-articular distribution and residence time of Hylan A and B a study in the goat knee. Osteoarthr. Cartil 14(12), 1248-1257. 

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