Rehabilitation, physical

American Journal of Occupational Therapy, Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Human Factors IEEE Transactions on Rehabilitation Engineering and IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering Journal of Biomechanics Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation Physical Therapy, Rehabilitation Management, Rehabilitation Research and Development. 

E Physician hi addition to traditional medical duties, prescribes devices. Coordinates the care of the client. A physia-tiist specializes in rehabilitation/physical medicine. 

Rehabilitation Expenses There are two main kinds of rehabilitation. Physical rehabilitation involves therapies intended to regain lost strength and movement. Vocational therapy involves regaining lost work skiUs or learning new skUls. Most workers compensation benefits typicaUy cover physical rehabilitation as a medical expense. Provisions vary for vocational rehabilitation. Some states require the employer to pay for vocational rehabilitation. Some laws have maximmn payments, limit the period allowed for training or limit total expenses per case. Under the Federal Vocational Rehabilitation Act, states receive federal funds to help cover the cost of retraining persons disabled in industrial accidents. 

However, an important development within atomic physics, namely the discovery of isotopy in the 1910s, led some philosophically minded chemists to reexamine Mendeleev s distinction and to rehabilitate it in a modified form. With the rapid discovery of isotopes it began to seem as though there were far more "elements" than the 90 or so which were displayed on periodic tables at the time. The work of Soddy [14], in particular, served to clarify the situation, and one that had been anticipated by Crookes,... 

Stress lifestyle modifications for rehabilitation and prevention. Recommend strength training, range-of-motion exercises, and a warm-up period before exercise. In repetitive-motion injury, recommend methods to correct biomechanical abnormalities and vary work tasks as applicable. Refer to a physical therapist or sports trainer as needed. 

Refer patient to physical therapy for rehabilitation to help regain optimal neurosensory function. 

These disorders should concern all physicians and mental health professionals for several reasons. First, mood disorders are very common and will be encountered on a daily basis in most clinical settings (see Table 3.1). Second, they disrupt life in numerous ways. During an episode of depression or mania, sleep patterns change, appetite and eating are affected, family life is disrupted, work efficiency suffers, substance abuse rates soar, and physical illness is exacerbated. Thus, comprehensive treatment of mood disorders routinely requires the work of nutritionists, social workers, family therapists, vocational rehabilitation counselors, substance abuse counselors and 12 step groups, primary care physicians, and others. 

In our experience, victims of TBI most often come to the attention of mental health care providers when referred by other clinicians. Their first psychiatric encounter may be a consultation during the initial postinjury hospitalization or later during active rehabilitation. Patients may also be referred for mental health treatment during the postconvalescent phase when faced with the realization that some of their physical dehcits may be permanent. As we mentioned earlier, TBI patients infrequently seek psychiatric care on their own, because they are often unaware that their psychiatric symptoms are a consequence of a past brain injury. 

The full spectrum of depressive symptoms including depressed mood, anhedonia, lack of energy, and even suicidal thoughts may strike as many as 25% of patients who experience a TBL Depression in these patients not only exacts a tremendous psychosocial toll but also interferes with their participation in physical and occupational rehabilitation. As a result, long-term functional recovery from TBl can be sorely compromised by depression. Potential treatments for post-TBl depression include conventional antidepressants and stimulants (see Table 12.1). 

This team must be skilled in handling the complex origin of disability. Risk factors for the disease to become chronic are often of a psychosocial and not a physical nature. Primary targets of treatment should be physical fitness and the self-management of problems by the patient. Awareness of the psychosocial factors, which can disturb occupational reintegration, should be developed. Rehabilitation is based on measures to modify patient s beliefs and fitness. The prescribed treatment should aim to relieve pain, correct disability, prevent relapses, inform and educate the patient. 

Withdrawal from long-term high-dose use of alcohol or sedative-hypnotic drugs can be life threatening if physical dependence is present. Benzodiazepines, such as chlordiazepoxide Librium) and diazepam Valium), are sometimes used to lessen the intensity of the withdrawal symptoms when alcohol or sedative-hypnotic drug use is discontinued. Benzodiazepines are also employed to help relieve the anxiety and other behavioral symptoms that may occur during rehabilitation. 

These abnormalities are presented in Table 44.6. The findings on physical examination are due to emaciation or purging behavior. Dry, cracking skin, lanugo hair, bradycardia, and hypotension are found in patients who are underweight. Nutritional rehabilitation and... 

It has generally been assumed by alcoholism treatment personnel in most industrialized countries that the disease-labeling process and the alcoholic s concomitant acceptance of the "sick" role would facilitate treatment and potentiate the chances of rehabilitation. Some writers... however, question the utility of indiscriminate application of the disease label, not only because it may not be appropriate for all varieties of alcohol-related problems, but also because it may influence the very behavior it attempts to describe. This could come about... by altering the cognitive expectancies held by alcoholics and by those in their immediate social environment, such that the drinker no longer is seen as responsible for his or her behavior. In this view, loss of control over drinking may result more from learned expectations than from physical predispositions, and chronic alcoholism more from a dependency role than from physiological dependence. 

Faced with massive increases in the price of imported gas in combination with ineffective billing and revenue collection during the 90-s the Georgian gas sector incurred heavy domestic and foreign debts. The lack of financial resources required for rehabilitation and maintenance has led to deterioration of a large proportion of the physical assets. 

Author/s N M Herrera Volume 82 Issue 7 Page 930-934 Year 2001 Source ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION... 

Because these forms of mental illness are relatively common, many rehabilitation specialists will work with patients who are receiving drug therapy for an affective disorder. Also, serious injury or illness may precipitate an episode of depression in the patient undergoing physical rehabilitation. Consequently, this chapter will discuss the pharmacologic management of affective disorders, as well as how antidepressant and antimanic drugs may influence the patient involved in physical therapy and occupational therapy. 

Physical and occupational therapists frequently encounter patients taking antipsychotics. Therapists employed in a psychiatric facility will routinely treat patients taking these medications. Therapists who practice in nonpsychiatric settings may still encounter these patients for various reasons. For instance, a patient on an antipsychotic medication who sustains a fractured hip may be seen at an orthopedic facility. Consequently, knowledge of antipsychotic pharmacology will be useful to all rehabilitation specialists. 

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