Operating factor

The UPI and MI retorts are processing 7000 t/d (7700 short tons/d) of Irati shale to produce 24,381 m /d (3870 bbl) of shale as well as 80 t (55 short tons) of LPG, 132 t (145 short tons) of clean fuel gas, and 98 t (108 short tons) of sulfur. The SIX plant has reached its design rate (Table 16) in an energy efficient manner with a high on-stream (operating) factor. 

Operational Factors In industrial use, peiwaporation is a continuous-flow single-stage process. Multistage cascade devices are unusual. Peiwaporation is usually an adjunct separation, occasionally a principal one. It is used either to break an azeotrope or to concentrate a minor component. Large stand-alone uses may develop in areas... 

Metallurgy is another cost versus operability factor for heat exchangers. For example, for seawater service some companies specify 90/10 Cu-Ni tubes as minimum and do not allow the cheaper, but more prone to corrosion, aluminum-brass. One can even consider going on up to 70/30 Cu-Ni, or to one of the modern, high-performance... 

Cost-effective control of dust problems arising from bulk materials handling requires an initial examination of the overall handling operations. Factors influencing dust generation and dispersion must be understood in order to achieve a proper design. 

Link operating factor (fan operation, window opening)... 

Fluor Daniel Inc. has developed data that it applies to a wide spectrum of industry applications. This data is updated and tailored for specific use requirements necessary to perform risk and availability assessments. Maintenance and operational factors are assessed and incorporated for specific uses. 

Los Alamos National Laboratory performed separate statistical analyses using the Failure Rate Analysis Code (FRAC) on IPRDS failure data for pumps and valves. The major purpose of the study was to determine which environmental, system, and operating factors adequately explain the variability in the failure data. The results of the pump study are documented in NUREG/CR-3650. The valve study findings are presented in NUREG/CR-4217. 

A high fractionator bottoms level, a low riser temperature, and a high residence time in the reactor dome/vapor line are additional operating factors that increase coke buildup. If the main column level rises above the vapor line inlet nozzle, donut shaped coke can form at the nozzle entrance. 

The effort required to specify the materials schedule for a new plant or to check a design very much depends on how much experience there is of similar or identical units in operation. Factors such as process conditions and raw material sources are taken into consideration before extrapolating the experience of another unit. 

Boiler operating factors, including boiler and steam load, pressure, water level, boiler water contaminants (as determined by analysis), and chemical treatments. 

What is clear is that chelant corrosion takes place only when a number of unfavorable boiler operating factors are collectively present and that the starting point for corrosion is an overfeed of chelant product. 

A summary of a number of correlations proposed for volumetric mass-transfer coefficients and specific interfacial area is presented in Table II, which includes data additional to those of Westerterp et al. (W4). It is apparent that disagreement exists as to the numerical values for the exponents. This is due, in part, to the lack of geometric similarity in the equipment used. In addition, variation in operating factors such as the purity of the system (surfactants), kind of chemical system, temperature, etc., also contribute to the discrepancies. To summarize Table II ... 

The operational-factor tests performed with A1 filled compounds in comparison with A2 filled compounds revealed higher predicted wear resistance and wet traction with the same level of rolling resistance. At the same time the graph of tan 8 versus temperature in Figure 17.6 shows that tan 8 is higher than that of the A2 compound at low temperatures (-20°C). 

The basic classification of CWs is based on the type of flow regime and macrophytic growth. In general terms, two types can be described (Figure 10.3). The selection of the most appropriate option shall be according to various operational factors and to the plants available in the region of... 

Polymerization processes are not easy" processes to handle experimentally. There exist a wide variety of operating factors that could cause the production of a latex or polymer with totally different properties than the previous one. Long reaction times and time-consuming analytical techniques to fully characterize a given product make the situation more complicated in that one does not always have the freedom to run a specific experiment or change some conditions in order just to check the process behaviour. In addition, plant personnel are in many cases understandably reluctant to even attempt... 

Avoidance of contamination is a major operating factor, for instance the air must be sterilized. 

American Petroleum Institute (API), API Publication 2031. Combustible Gas Detector Systems and Environmental and Operational Factors Influencing Their Performance. First Edition, API Washington D.C., 1991. 

Darcy s law (Q = KIA) is the operating factor in well flow. The only significant difference in the application of this law to wells rather than to a laboratory per-meameter is that the water flows to the well from a radial pattern rather than via linear flow as shown in the permeameter. The flow paths found in both artesian and... 

---