Omissions

The list of contributors is on page 6 and I am deeply indebted to them, for it is they who originally prepared MiaU s Dictionary of Chemistry from which this Dictionary has been compiled. Errors and omissions are my responsibility and 1 would appreciate receiving notice of them. 

The parameter should be unity if molecular diameters also obey a geometric mean law [193] and is often omitted. Equation X-44, if applied to the Young equation with omission of leads to the relationship [192]... 

I want to thank Aimeke and Jan Sengers for supplying me with much infomiation and for critical reading of parts of the manuscript. However any errors, omissions or misplaced emphases are entirely my own. 

The equations developed in Chapters 11 and 12 are quite complicated and in many practical applications it may be desirable to replace them by simpler approximate equations. The construction of such approximations, of adequate accuracy, is a field still largely unexplored. Nevertheless, it is important to understand the structure of the complete equations if approximations are to be made deliberately, rather than by inadvertent omission. 

It is regretted that the size of the volume has rendered the insertion of literature references impossible the Selected Bibliography (A,5) may partly compensate for this omission. Section numbers are now included in the headings of the pages—a feature introduced in response to requests by many readers. The volume comprises virtually at least three books under one cover, viz., experimental technique, preparations, and qualitative organic analysis. It should therefore continue to be of value as a one volume reference work in the laboratory. Students at all levels will find their requirements for laboratory work (excluding quantitative organic analysis) adequately provided for and, furthermore, the writer hopes that the book will be used as a source of information to supplement their theoretical studies. 

The best method Strike found for this [135] does not use ZnCI which is usually included in this procedure as a facilitator to the addition of the chlo-romethyl group [37 p539, 136]. Strike does not feel that mistake of omission had occurred so Strike will proceed as such. 366g 1,3-benzodioxole, 99g... 

In our study, literature coverage has been extended to 1976. If important omissions have occurred, I ask the indulgence of the reader. 

When the film thickens beyond two or three molecular layers, the effect of surface structure is largely smoothed out. It should therefore be possible, as Hill and Halsey have argued, to analyse the isotherm in the multilayer region by reference to surface forces (Chapter 1), the partial molar entropy of the adsorbed film being taken as equal to that of the liquid adsorptive. By application of the 6-12 relation of Chapter 1 (with omission of the r" term as being negligible except at short distances) Hill was able to arrive at the isotherm equation... 

Fig. 4.25 Adsorption isotherms showing low-pressure hysteresis, (a) Carbon tetrachloride at 20°C on unactivated polyacrylonitrile carbon Curves A and B are the desorption branches of the isotherms of the sample after heat treatment at 900°C and 2700°C respectively Curve C is the common adsorption branch (b) water at 22°C on stannic oxide gel heated to SOO C (c) krypton at 77-4 K on exfoliated graphite (d) ethyl chloride at 6°C on porous glass. (Redrawn from the diagrams in the original papers, with omission of experimental points.)...

Fig. 5.2 Type III isotherms, (a) n-hexane on PTFE at 25°C (b) n-octane on PTFE at 20 C (c) water on polymethylmethacrylate at 20°C (d) water on bis(A-polycarbonate) (Lexan) at 20°C. The insets in (c) and (d) give the curves of heat of adsorption against fractional coverage the horizontal line marks the molar heat of liquefaction. (Redrawn from diagrams in the original papers, with omission of experimental points.)...

One of the striking omissions from our discussion has been an explicit consideration of polymer molecular weight on the viscous behavior of the sample. This omission will be corrected in the next section. 

In spite of the assortment of things discussed in this chapter, there are also a variety of topics that could be included but which are not owing to space limitations. We do not discuss copolymers formed by the step-growth mechanism, for example, or the use of Ziegler-Natta catalysts to regulate geometrical isomerism in, say, butadiene polymerization. Some other important omissions are noted in passing in the body of the chapter. 

The Notice of Errors. The first mechanism for correction of errors is called a "Notice of Errors." This document may be filed by the patentee after issuance of the patent with the U.S. PTO and references the patent number, issue date, and the errors contained in the patent. The purpose of a Notice of Errors is to clarify the examination history of the patent and such notice dispositively corrects any misspellings, or typographical errors or omissions. One example of a problem which may be clarified by a Notice of Errors is an omitted chemical bond in a compound used in an exemplary embodiment of the invention. In short, the error is obvious and easily corrected. 

The Certificate of Correction. Another mechanism for correcting the patent is the "Certificate of Correction," which is essentially a petition filed by the patentee to correct minor errors in the patent produced either by the U.S. PTO or inadvertentiy by the appHcant. Unlike the Notice of Errors, a Certificate of Correction does result in an additional pubHcation from the U.S. PTO, and anyone requesting a copy of a patent in which a Certificate of Correction has been filed will also obtain the Certificate of Correction. A Certificate of Correction reflects amendments made during the examination of the patent which were entered by the examiner but not found within the issued patent. The omission of such amendments can be in the body of the patent or in the patent claims. The Certificate of Correction may also be used to correct errors in the issued patent which were not present in the patent appHcation when it was filed. If the error was caused by the patent appHcant prior to or during examination, the patent appHcant bears the cost of filing and... 

The principle of double entry dates from the fifteenth century and is based on the premise that eveiy transaction involves a giver and a receiver of value. Double entiy requires that each transaction be entered into two accounts, the convention being that the account of the giver is credited and the account of the receiver is debited with the same amount of money, as noted in the journal. For convenience, each account is divided centrally, and the debit items are entered on the right-hand side. It is also usual to provide a cross-reference to the journ entiy so that errors and omissions can be checked. 

Estimates which are lower than actual project costs are often the result of sizable omissions of equipment, services, or auxihaiy facilities... 

Errors of omission involve failure to do something. For example, failure to clean out the reactor before charging. 

Whereas all aspects that were thought necessary have been considered, it is possible that some have been omitted. The author would be grateful to receive suggestions from readers for any additions, deletions or omissions to make this book even more useful and up to date. 

Although previous experience indicates that phosphorus is not essential for these reductions, purification of the product is more difficult with its omission. With iiydrocarbons sensitive to further reduction, phosphorus can have a deleterious effect through promotion of hydrogenation of the desired product. Whether or not phosphorus should be employed in an indi-... 

We take this opportunity to thank users of the first edition who pointed out errors and omissions, or otherwise suggested improvements or additional material that should be included. We are indebted to Mrs S.Schenk who emerged from retirement to type this manuscript. 

Considerable alterations have been made in the chapters concerned with technical applications which are the result of advances in electrochemical corrosion protection in general practice. Here also, abbreviation and omission of less relevant parts of the older editions have had to be made to create space for more recent information. Recent applications in the chemical industry have necessitated a complete rewriting of the industrial chapter. A new chapter is included on the cathodic protection of steel reinforcement in concrete. 

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