Omega-3 triglycerides

Derived from fish oils, omega-3 triglycerides are thought to work by inhibiting very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) synthesis in the liver. Preparations available are omega-... 

Statins Ezitimibe Omega-3 triglycerides Bile acid sequestrants Fibrates Nicotinic acid derivatives Inhibit HMG-CoA reductase Inhibits absorption of cholesterol from the intestine Inhibit VLDL synthesis in the liver Bind bile acids in the intestine Lower levels of circulating VLDLs and LDLs by unknown mechanism Reduce the release of VLDLs from the liver... 

K. Qi, T. Seo, M. Al-Haideri, T. S. Worgall, T. Vogel, Y. A. Carpen-tier and R. J. Deckelbaum, Omega-3 triglycerides modify blood clearance and tissue targeting pathways of lipid emulsions. Biochemistry., 41,3119-3127 (2002). 

Omega-3 fatty acids (eicosapentaenoic acid and docosa-hexaenoic acid), the predominant fatty acids in the oil of cold-water fish, lower triglycerides by as much as 35% when taken in large amounts. Fish oil supplements may be useful for patients with high triglycerides despite diet, alcohol restriction, and fibrate therapy. This effect may be modulated thru PPAR-a and a reduction in apolipoprotein B-100 secretion. Omega-3 fatty acids reduce platelet aggregation and have... 

Diets high in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (from fish oil), most commonly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), reduce cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and VLDL and may elevate HDL cholesterol. 

Lovaza (omega-3-acid ethyl esters) is a prescription form of concentrated fish oil EPA 465 mg and docosahexaenoic acid 375 mg. The daily dose is 4 g/day, which can be taken as four 1-g capsules once daily or two 1-g capsules twice daily. This product lowers triglycerides by 14% to 30% and raises HDL by about 10%. 

Diglycerides from triglycerides K-omega Ketone/n- aliphatic hydrocarbon [177]... 

The effect of dietary fats on hypertriglyceridemia is dependent on the disposition of double bonds in the fatty acids. Omega-3 fatty acids found in fish oils, but not those from plant sources, activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR- ) and can induce profound reduction of triglycerides in some patients. They also have antiinflammatory and antiarrhythmic activities. In contrast, the omega-6 fatty acids present in vegetable oils may cause triglycerides to increase. 

In combination with a resin or reductase inhibitor, niacin normalizes LDL in most patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia and other forms of hypercholesterolemia. These combinations are also indicated in some cases of nephrosis. In severe mixed lipemia that is incompletely responsive to diet, niacin often produces marked reduction of triglycerides, an effect enhanced by marine omega-3 fatty acids. It is useful in patients with combined hyperlipidemia and in those with dysbetalipoproteinemia. It is clearly the most effective agent for increasing HDL and the only agent that may reduce Lp(a). 

Primary increases of VLDL probably reflect a number of genetic determinants and are worsened by factors that increase the rate of VLDL secretion from liver, ie, obesity, alcohol, diabetes, and estrogens. A major indication for treatment is the presence of atherosclerosis in the patient or the patient s family. Treatment includes weight reduction, restriction of all types of dietary fat, and avoidance of alcohol. Fibrates or niacin usually produce further reduction in triglyceride levels if dietary measures are not sufficient. Marine omega fatty acids may also be of value. 

Portulaca oleracea commonly known as purslane belongs to the family Portulacaceae and is an herbaceous cosmopolitan weed. P. oleracea is one of the major sources of omega-3 fatty acids and was found to produce beneficial effects on cholesterol and triglyceride levels in heart disease and in strengthening the immune system. The plant also possesses marked antioxidant activity (Reid, 1986 Chevallier, 1996 Hocking, 1997). 

Park, Y., and Harris, W. S. 2003. Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation accelerates chylomicron triglyceride clearance. /. Lipid Res., 44,455-463. 

The list of research studies goes on and on, all with favorable results. We now know that the main fish oils, eicosapentanoic acid (EPA) and docohexanoic acid (DHA), work in a number of wonderful ways. These omega-3 fatty acids reduce the formation of blood clots and raise levels of the protective HDL cholesterol while dramatically lowering triglycerides. They prevent heart rhythm disturbances and they lower heart rates. Because heart rate is associated with the risk of sudden death, this association may at least partially explain the lower risk of sudden death among people who regularly eat fish. 

The nicotinic acid group (acipimox, nicotinic add) can lower cholesterol and triglyceride levels by an action on enzymes in the liver. The fish oils (e.g. omega-3 marine triglycerides) are dietary supplements that may be useful in treating hypertriglyceridaemia. Probucoi can decrease both LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol, as well as having other beneflcial properties. 

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