Off-road vehicle

Hydrogenics Fuel Cell Power Module. Hydrogenics Corporation is developing a 10 kW fuel cell power module for use in off-road vehicles and power generation applications. This design will demonstrate higher efficiency, lower cost, smaller size and improved manufacturability over previous designs. 

Hydrogen penetration in the transportation sector will likely be led by fleet vehicles, i.e., transit buses, courier, delivery, and light-duty utility vehicles that refuel at home base. Niche applications could also play a strategic role in developing hydrogen infrastructures and energy systems. Such end-use applications include forklifts and off-road vehicles. 

SAE Standards. Society of Automotive Engineers standards cover specifications for highway and off-road vehicles Some SAE specifications may be used in chemical plant and refinery applications, e.g., bearing materials. SAE also administers the Aerospace Materials Specifications (AMS), which include procurement requirements for extreme quality aerospace materials. AMS products may be applicable for land based, highly stressed critical components such as reciprocating compressor shafts. 

The administration sided with the off-road vehicle industry on air pollution standards, on noise pollution standards, and in giving the vehicles continued access to environmentally sensitive areas in national forests and wilderness areas, ignoring scientific opinions inside and outside government on the damage the vehicles cause, fie also sided with snowmobile manufacturers and industry groups in overruling the National Park Service s scientists and three sepa-... 

Environmental Policy Act for attempting to open to off-road vehicles thousands of previously protected acres in the California desert, where the endangered desert tortoise and other imperiled species would have been at risk. 

It stopped activities by off-road vehicles on 50,000 acres of Al-godones Dunes in the California desert in 2006. This is the largest dune ecosystem in the nation and the habitat for a broad range of endangered desert animals and plants. 

ABSTRACT Sulfur levels in both gasoline and diesel fuels are being restricted because of environmental pollution concerns throughout the world. The U.S. Envirorunental Protection Agency has mandated the levels of sulfur which may be allowed in most road and off-road vehicles. Although there are many standard test methods available for determining sulfur in petroleum products, presently only about four can qualify for their usefulness at the expected low levels in the future foels. A large interlaboratory study undertaken by ASTM to estimate the capabilities of these methods is described. 

A non-UV absorbing grade of polycarbonate window is bonded to a cast aluminum case by a manufacturer of off-road vehicles. The 30-second UV-curing system replaces a process in which holes were drilled and tapped into the aluminum and in which the window was sealed with a rubber o-ring before screwing on a metal retaining ring. 

Aircraft tires as well as tiiose for off-road vehicles are still made of 100% natural rubber because of the high heat and abrasion diey need to endure. Automotive tires are made of synthetic as well as natural rubber. 

For consumers, natural fibre composites in automobiles provide better thermal and acoustic insulation than fibre glass and reduce irritation of the skin and respiratory system. The low density of plant fibres also reduces vehicle weight, which cuts fuel consumption [72]. Alves et al. [73] studied the life cycle assessment (LCA) analysis of the replacement of glass fibres by jute fibres as reinforcement of composite materials to produce automotive structural components in the structural frontal bonnet of an off-road vehicle (Buggy). 

Many recently published smdies are subjected to the evaluation of several functional parameters, either by direct measurements or by simulation, including tanperature prediction of rolling tires [126], in-plane [127] and rolling [128] deformations, other rolling tire modal parameter determinations [129] and estimations [130], influence of different parameters on tire power losses and CO2 emission (resistive loads and inflation pressure [131]), tire-road interface parameter measurements [132-138], and particularly the tractive performances for off-road vehicles [139-141]. Other examples refer to the optimization of air pressure in tires for fuel consumption minimization [142]. 

Ekinci, K. Jarman, H. Kahramanh, Investigation and modeling of the tractive performance of radial tires using off-road vehicles. Energy, ISSN 0360-5442 93 (Part 2) (December 15, 2015) 1953-1963. http //dx.doi.Org/10.1016/j.energy.2015.10.070. 

There are many safety features built into motor vehicles today. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration sets safety standards for motor vehicles. They change over time. Table 14-1 is a summary of the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS). The Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) also publishes numerous standards for vehicles, including many safety standards. Vehicles include off-road vehicles and even golf carts. Other Department of Transportation agencies also establish vehicle safety standards. The Urban Mass Transportation Administration has safety standards for buses and rail vehicles and the Federal Highway Administration has safety standards for trucks. Industry associations, such as the Truck Trailer Manufacturer s Association, have also produced safety standards. 

Brown G, Schoknecht N (2001) Off-road vehicles and vegetation patterning in a degraded desert ecosystem in Kuwait. J Arid Environ 49 413-427... 

An example of the third type is lower back injury resulting from poor disc nourishment while sitting in an off-road vehicle (skid-steer loader, earthmover, scraper, etc.) for long periods, with the spine vibrated by movement over rough terrain. This may lead to permanent damage to tissues in the spine. 

Automotive-type batteries are also used on trueks, aircraft, industrial equipment, and motorcycles as well as in many other applications. They are used in off-road vehicles, such as snowmobiles, in boats to crank inboard and outboard engines, and in various farm and construction equipment. Military vehicles in the United States and NATO countries have standardized on a 24-V electric system that is provided by a series connection of two 12-V batteries. 

Off-Road Vehicle Any motor vehicle that is utilized away from au interstate road to transport machinery, compost, etc., for company tasks, but whose operator does not require a CDL. 

Periodic inspection and maintenance of non-regulated and off-road vehicles (where applicable)... 

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