OECD Council

Any person importing hazardous waste into the United States from a foreign country is subject to hazardous waste generator standards. RCRA also contains specific requirements for hazardous waste exports. Importers and exporters must also comply with the provisions of international trade treaties, such as the Basel Convention and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Council Decision. 

The OECD Council is the organization s main governing body. 

A year later, in May 1981, the OECD Council considered these recommendations and issued a Decision establishing the following principle of Mutual Acceptance of Data (MAD) ... 

The OECD is not a supranational organization, but rather a fomm for discussion where governments express their points of view, share their experiences, and search for common ground. More binding decisions can be made through the constitution of a formal OECD Council Act, which is agreed at the highest level of OECD, the Council. 

The OECD Council adopted a Decision in 1981 (OECD 1981) stating that data generated in a Member country in accordance with OECD Test Guidelines and Principles of Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) shall be accepted in other Member countries for assessment purposes and other uses relating to the protection of human health and the environment. 

As a tool to make mutual acceptance of risk assessments possible, OECD has developed the concept of Good Laboratory Practice (GLP). The OECD Principles of GLP are an integral part of the 1981 OECD council decision on the Mutual Assessment of Data (MAD) in the Assessment of Chemicals (revised 1997, Section 2.2.2). MAD also harmonizes procedures of GLP compliance monitoring, ensuring that preclinical safety studies are carried out according to the principles of GLP and that countries can have conftdence in the quahty and rigor of safety tests. 

The 1989 OECD council decision Recommendation on Comphance with Good Laboratory Practice requires the establishment of national comphance monitoring program based on laboratory inspections and study audits and recommends the use of the guides for comphance monitoring procedures for good laboratory practice and the guidance for the conduct of laboratory inspections and study audits. 

Since 1997 a procedure through which non-OECD countries can adhere to the MAD system has been embodied in an OECD council decision (Council Decision on the Adherence of Non-Member Countries to the Council Acts Related to the Mutual Acceptance of Data in the Assessment of Chemicals C(97)l 14/FlNAL). A series of documents related to specific issues of GLP and comphance monitoring has been pubhshed (available on the OECD Web site, OECD 2006). 

The Aimex I of the Directive 2004/9/EC consists of two parts Part A (Guides for compliance monitoring procedures for good laboratory practice) and Part B (Guidance for the conduct of test facility inspections and study audits). The provisions for the inspection and verification of GLP which are contained in Parts A and B are those contained in Annexes I and II respectively of the OECD Council Decision-Recommendation on comphance with principles of good laboratoiy practice. 

OECD (2004) Recommendation on material flows and resource productivity. Adopted by the OECD Council on 21 April 2004. No. OECD, Paris Oldham J, James P, Shaw (2003) Delivering resource productivity the service solution. Green Alliance, London... 

As a result of OECD Council action, the major points recommended by the OECD Expert Group have been endorsed. The Council noted that member countries will establish their compliance procedures progressively according to their respective national priorities. The Council instructed the Environment Committee and the Management Committee of the Special Program on the Control of Chemicals to ... 

A further OECD Council Decision in 1991 focused on HPV chemicals. These decisions prompted the development of a minimum hazard data set to describe an HPV chemical - the Screening Information Data Set, or SIDS. This includes physicochemical properties (melting point, boiling point, vapor pressure, water solubility, and octanol-water partition coefficient) environmental fate (stability in water, photodegradation, biodegradation, and an estimate of distribution/transport in the environment) environmental effects (acute toxicity to aquatic vertebrates, invertebrates, and plants) and human health effects (acute toxicity, repeated-dose toxicity, toxicity to the gene and the chromosome, and reproductive and developmental toxicity). 

The OECD Council Recommendation (1996) and the subsequent Guidance Manual (1996) provided a catalyst for the development of PRTRs across the OECD countries and elsewhere. Since 1996, the number of OECD countries with operating PRTR systems has more than doubled. By 2004 at least 14 OECD countries had an operational PRTR in place (Australia, Canada, Denmark, Hungary, Ireland, Japan, Korea, Mexico, the Netherlands, Norway, Slovak Republic, Sweden, United Kingdom, and the United States). Many more countries, within the OECD and beyond, have already taken concrete steps toward the establishment of a PRTR. 

In 1989, the OECD Council adopted an Act on Compliance with Principles of GLP. This Act contains a Decision that member countries shall (1) establish national procedures for monitoring compliance with GLP Principles, based on laboratory inspections and study audits (2) designate national compliance monitoring authorities ( CLP inspectors ) and (3) require the management of test facilities to issue a... 

The OECD Council, under the chairmanship of the OECD Secretary-General, is the focal point of a continuing review by member governments of the work of the OECD. The Council also decides on the... 

OECD Council Decision on the Minimum Premarketing Set of Data in the Assessment of Chemicals. 

OECD Council Recommendation on the Protection of Proprietary Rights to Data Submitted in Notifications of New Chemicals (C(83)96/Final). 

OECD Council Recommendation on the Exchange of Confidential Data on Chemicals (C(83)97/Final). 

OECD Council Decision-Recommendation on Compliance with Principles of Good Laboratory Practice (C(89)87/Final). 

Polluter Pays Principle. OECD Council says that those causing pollution should pay the costs. 

In 1981, the OECD Principles of GLP were finalized and led to the OECD Council Decision on the Mutual Acceptance of Data (MAD) which states that Data generated in the testing of chemicals in an OECD member country in accordance with OECD Test Guidelines and OECD principles of Good Laboratory Practice shall be accepted in other member countries for purposes of assessment and other uses relating to the protection of man and the environment . The OECD recommended in 1983 that implementation of GLP compliance should be verified by laboratory inspections and study audits. The EC later ratified the OECD principles and a number of Directives (e.g., 2004/9/EC, 2004/10/EC) indicates that tests must be carried out in compliance with the principles of GLP and that also that EU Member States must incorporate into their laws the requirement for all nonclinical safety studies to be conducted in compliance with GLP, and that premises conducting such studies must be inspected by a national authority. 

Therefore, the OECD Council, in its Decision-Recommendation on Compliance with Principles of Good Laboratory Practice, adopted on October 2, 1989 [C(89)87(Final)], decided that the member countries should establish national procedures for monitoring compliance with GLP Principles and that they should designate authorities to discharge the functions required by these compliance monitoring procedures. In deciding so, the Council also recommended that the member countries of the OECD should, for the development, implementation and establishment of these authorities and procedures, apply the two documents appended as an integral part to the Decision-Recommendation itself. The two documents were also published separately in the OECD Series on GLP as numbers 2 and 3, and they are reprinted as Appendix I and II to this part, too. 

The OECD Council, in its Decision concerning the Mutual Acceptance of Data in the Assessment of Chemicals [C(8i)3o(Final)] , decided that data generated in one member country in accordance with OECD Test Guidelines and the OECD Principles of GLP should be accepted also in other member countries, with the intention that such studies would not need to be repeated, nor the GLP compliance of such studies be questioned. In an analogous way, in its Decision-Recommendation on Compliance with Principles of Good... 

OECD defines HPV chemicals as those manufactured or imported in quantities greater than or equal to 2.2 million pounds per year in at least one member country or an EU region. In an effort to undertake the investigation of HPV chemicals in a cooperative manner, the OECD modified its work on HPV chemicals through an OECD Council Decision in 1991 (OECD 1991). The OECD s cooperative approach includes involvement from member countries in four basic components (1) selection of chemicals to be evaluated, (2) collection of data from governments, public... 

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