Objectives safety factors

Because the objective of the study was to determine safety factors for workers under actual conditions of use, with all normal safety precautions, there was no deliberate attempt to apply a dose of product to the volunteers involved in the study. The sampling methods were designed to provide a complete measure of any exposure that occurred in the course of normal use of the product. 

Though Figs 6.162-6.167 have been used to give an imagination of physical limiting electric values in electric circuits (in this case, for DC circuits), it should be emphasized that the main objective of these diagrams is that of reference curves in type testing i-circuits (see Section 8.3) and that in practice the allowable electrical values are reduced by safety factors, e.g. 1.5. 

A consideration under Task 5 of a list of topical problems and bottlenecks for every object became a logic continuation of Tasks 3 and 4 of the SMP Report. Both the bottlenecks and the problem issues were identified on basis of integrated analysis of a variety of factors with emphasis on safety factors and the general logic of process technologies. 

Attributing the outmost importance to the safety factor was justified as regards nuclear and radiation hazardous objects all objects of the decommissioning and environmental rehabilitation pertained to that category. The safety criterion was also highlighted as the main factor for justification of priorities in the EBRD Terms of Reference for the SMP development. 

The fact that the Table contains Alpha class NS in the object lisf which was not presented in safety-factor-related ranking is explained by the pressing need to ensure nuclear safety of Spent Removable Sections (SRSs) of such objects. 

Figure 8. Ranking of objects by safety factor based on integral expert assessment of outstanding...

Besides economic objectives, other factors influencing the selection from amongst competing projects include safety, health and... 

The overall objective of toxicological evaluation is to determine a NOAEL, based on consideration of the total toxicology database, that is utilized in conjunction with an appropriate safety factor to determine the ADI. The ADI has been defined as follows (JMPR, 1975) ... 

Hence, one of the objectives of a good design is to keep the area of overlap small. This is achieved by making the difference of the nominal values of load and resistance, which are given by the expected values of their respective distributions, big. Traditionally, the load is divided by a safety factor S > 1 in order to achieve this. In the present context this procedure, which reduces the probability of failure. 

Since for a given reliability level, the safety factor C5 obj may be specified as an objective, it is then possible to calculate the safety margin. In Equation 6 Rk and 5 are such that P (R>Rk) = k% and P S < Sk) = k%. Generally in design codes, k = 99. Thus, the safety margin can be expressed as ... 

The 14 PSR safety factors and the global assessment are defined and explained in the following subsections. The objective of the review of each... 

The objective of the global assessment is to present an assessment of plant safety that takes into account all unresolved shortcomings, all corrective actions and/or safety improvements and the plant strengths identified in the review of all PSR safety factors. 

Certain parts of a PSR should be carried out by external consultants so as to ensure objectivity. An example of this is the review of the safety factors of organization and administration and human factors. While the primary responsibility for carrying out the review rests with the operating organization, an independent review should be conducted to provide the necessary objectivity. 

The reports on the review of each of the safety factors that are submitted to the regulatory body should include proposals of objectives and/or concepts of corrective actions and/or safety improvements. 

A.l. This appendix lists a number of generic review elements for each safety factor. These elements describe specific topics or activities within the safety factor that should be reviewed. The meaning of an element should be interpreted in the light of the review objective for the respective safety factor as is stated in the main text. The elements listed may not cover all topics or activities associated with the safety factor and therefore addressing all of them does not necessarily mean that the particular safety factor is fully covered. 

Protection objects Importance Safety factor F Comments... 

By knowing the ventilation rate in a workplace and the quantity of formaldehyde generated, the employer may be able to determine by calculation if the PELs might be exceeded. To account for poor mixing of formaldehyde into the entire room, locations of fans and proximity of employees to the work operation, the employer must include a safety factor. If an employee is relatively dose to a source, particularly if he or she is located downwind, a safety factor of 100 may be necessary. For other situations, a factor of 10 may be acceptable. If the employer can demonstrate through such calculations that employee exposure does not exceed the action level or the STEL, the employer may use this information as objective data to demonstrate compliance with the standard. 

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