Norway substantiation

Interethnic variability in RBC TPMT activity has been reported in several populations. RBC TPMT was 29% higher in Saami subjects in Northern Norway compared to white subjects from the same geographic region [41]. African American subjects have 17-33% lower RBC TPMT activity than American white subjects [34, 42]. The TPMT activity in African and white Americans was substantially lower than that reported in 119 Chinese subjects [43]. 

In oil and gas facilities, these effects can be generally related to flame velocity, where this velocity is below 100 m/s (300 ft./s), damage is considered unlikely (Note This is generally within the limits of confinement normally found in offshore facilities). The size of a vapor cloud or plume in which such velocities can occur has been experimentally investigated at the Christian Michelsen Institute (CMI, Norway). The experiments demonstrated that flames need a "run-up" distance of approximately 5.5 meters (18 ft.) to reach damaging speeds. Therefore vapor clouds with dimensions less than this may not cause substantial damage. This is a much over-simplification of the factors and variables involved, but does assume the WCCE of congestion, confinement and gas concentrations. 

A study in Norway initiated after the end of the Second World War noted that within 12 months of the German occupation in 1940 there was a substantial fall in heart disease. The occupation resulted in an abrupt change in the Norwegian diet meat was replaced by fish. 

Not every fishing system works as well and preserves fish as long as the ones used in Iceland and Norway. Spoilage at sea is very common and contributes substantially to the loss of fishery resources. Several factors affect the keeping quality of fish held cai trawlers. One factor is the temperature of the water from which the catch is taken. Fish from hi temperature water needs less chilling to inhibit enzyme activity fish from very low temperature waters need very low temperature chilling to retard enzyme activity (13). 

Chemical/Metal hydrides. This is an important area in Norway and there is a substantial effort being put into five different projects with different approaches related to using metal hydrides. 

Kvaemer Oil Gas, Norway, has introduced a process for manufacturing carbon black that generates substantial quantities of byproduct hydrogen. In 1998 the process was installed in Montreal, Quebec (Canada) to produce 20,000 tonnes of carbon black and 50 million Nm3 per year (5.2 million standard cubic feet per day) of hydrogen. The process appears to be economic only when the carbon black can also be sold as an end product.40... 

From local sources poisonous elements have been spread through the atmosphere to the soil. Close to a zinc factory in Odda, western Norway, great concentrations of heavy metals in the soil and plants have been proved. The content of cadmium for example, is so high that warnings have been issued against substantial dependence upon food plants grown in the vicinity of the factory (Lag, 1975). 

Financially, an active pulp and paper industry provides a significant fraction of the gross national product of the countries where this is a major business area. In Canada, this amounts to some 18 billion annually. The value of pulp and paper exports is of substantial importance to a national economy, because of its ability to earn international exchange. This factor is particularly significant to countries, which produce pulp and paper on a very large scale and have a relatively small population and hence consumption (e.g., Canada, Finland, Norway, and Sweden (Table 15.2)). 

Since 1978 Canada, China, Norway and the U.K. have had substantial production increases, while the production of Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, and Saudi Arabia declined. This decline was not the consequence of decreased reserves (Table 17.3). 

Former Saga Petroleum is acknowledged for initializing this project and the support from RWE-DEA Norway and Chevron Norway is greatly appreciated. The paper benefited substantially from review by Johannes Wendebourg. 

At present magnetites of South Africa, Russia, Norway and Finland account for a substantial portion of the world vanadium supply, yielding slags containing 15% to 27% V205. The reserves of present working deposits contain sufficient vanadium to supply world requirements many times over for decades to come. 

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