Normal butyl acetate

Sayers RR et al Acute response of guinea pigs to vapors of some new commercial organic compounds, XII Normal butyl acetate. Public Health Rep 51 1229-1236, 1936... 

Secondary Butyl Acetate Methyl Isobutyl Ketone Methyl Isobutyl Ketone (82.5% w)— Methyl Isobutyl Carbinol (17.5% w) Normal Butyl Acetate Mesityl Oxide Secondary Amyl Acetate Amyl Acetate (mixed isomers)... 

Acetic Acid, Butyl Ester, Butyl Ethanoate, Normal Butyl Acetate)... 

Nonylene Nonylphenol Normal Amyl Alochol Normal Butyl Acetate Normal Butyl Acrylate Normal Butyl Alcohol Normal Butyraldehyde Normal Decyl Alcohol Normal Lead Acetate Normal Propyl Acetate Normal Propyl Alochol Norvalamine... 

Ketones and esters are required for C-type inks. Types of esters are ethyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, normal propyl acetate, and butyl acetate. From the ketone class, acetone or methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) can be used. The usual solvent for D-type inks are mixtures of an alcohol, such as ethyl alcohol or isopropyl alcohol, with either aUphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons. Commonly used mixtures are 50/50 blends by volume of alcohol and aUphatic hydrocarbon. 

Butyl Acetate, Normal (For Use in Org Coatings) n-BuAc TT-B-B38A Aug 1959... 

ABA ABS ABS-PC ABS-PVC ACM ACS AES AMMA AN APET APP ASA BR BS CA CAB CAP CN CP CPE CPET CPP CPVC CR CTA DAM DAP DMT ECTFE EEA EMA EMAA EMAC EMPP EnBA EP EPM ESI EVA(C) EVOH FEP HDI HDPE HIPS HMDI IPI LDPE LLDPE MBS Acrylonitrile-butadiene-acrylate Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene-polycarbonate alloy Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene-poly(vinyl chloride) alloy Acrylic acid ester rubber Acrylonitrile-chlorinated pe-styrene Acrylonitrile-ethylene-propylene-styrene Acrylonitrile-methyl methacrylate Acrylonitrile Amorphous polyethylene terephthalate Atactic polypropylene Acrylic-styrene-acrylonitrile Butadiene rubber Butadiene styrene rubber Cellulose acetate Cellulose acetate-butyrate Cellulose acetate-propionate Cellulose nitrate Cellulose propionate Chlorinated polyethylene Crystalline polyethylene terephthalate Cast polypropylene Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride Chloroprene rubber Cellulose triacetate Diallyl maleate Diallyl phthalate Terephthalic acid, dimethyl ester Ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer Ethylene-ethyl acrylate Ethylene-methyl acrylate Ethylene methacrylic acid Ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymer Elastomer modified polypropylene Ethylene normal butyl acrylate Epoxy resin, also ethylene-propylene Ethylene-propylene rubber Ethylene-styrene copolymers Polyethylene-vinyl acetate Polyethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers Fluorinated ethylene-propylene copolymers Hexamethylene diisocyanate High-density polyethylene High-impact polystyrene Diisocyanato dicyclohexylmethane Isophorone diisocyanate Low-density polyethylene Linear low-density polyethylene Methacrylate-butadiene-styrene... 

Clavulanic acid may be extracted from the culture medium. Normally the cells of the Streptomyces clavuligerus are first removed from culture medium by filtration or centrifugation. Then clavulanic acid is extracted into an organic solvent, for example, n-butanol or ethyl acetate, or n-butyl acetate, or methyl isobutyl ketone. Then n-butanol fraction are treated with new aqueous phase using potassium hydrogen carbonate and then this aqueous phase is washed with n-butanol. This aqueous extract, after separation of the phases, is concentrated under reduced pressure. Freeze-drying at -20°C may also be... 

An example of the influence of mobile-phase polarity upon the retention and selectivity of sample molecules is shown in Figure 5-51. In normal phase, the most polar compound is retained the longest. This is reflected by the observation that the dimethyl phthalate is the most polar and is retained the longest. By changing from ethyl acetate to butyl acetate, the overall mobile phase is less polar and, hence, all of the compounds increase in retention. However, in addition, there is one change in selectivity between the diethyl and the diphenyl molecules. 

APDC Solution Transfer 2.00 g of APDC (ammonium 1-pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate) (Aldrich Chemical, or equivalent) into a 100-mL volumetric flask, dilute to volume with water, and mix. Remove insoluble free acid and other impurities normally present by two to three extractions with 10-mL portions of Aqueous Butyl Acetate. 

Solvents commonly used in normal phase chromatography are aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as hexane and heptane, halogenated hydrocarbons (e.g., chloroform and dichloromethane), and oxygenated solvents such as diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, and butyl acetate. More polar mobile phase additives such as isopropanol, acetone, and methanol are frequently used see Table 2). The technique is particularly suited to analytes that are very hydrophobic, e.g., fat-soluble vitamins such as tocopherols (6J and other hydrocarbon-rich metabolites that exhibit poor solubility in the water-miscible solvents employed in other separation modes. In addition, since the geometry of the polar adsorbent surface is fixed, the technique is useful for the separation of positional isomers the proximity of functional groups to the adsorbent surface, and hence the strength of interaction, may well differ between isomers. 

Amyl acetate ( -mil AS-uh-tate) is a colorless liquid with a distinctive banana-like flavor and odor. Three major isomers of amyl acetate exist normal (rc-amyl), secondary Uec-amyl), and isoamyl (3-methyl-i-butyl) acetate. Isomers are two or more forms of a chemical compound with the same molecular formula, but different structural formulas and different chemical and physical properties. As an example, the boiling points of the three isomers of amyl acetate are 149.2°C (300.6°F), 142.o°C (287.6° ), and 140.o°C (284.0° ), respectively. Although the amyl acetates are probably best known as flavoring agents because of their distinctive banana-like flavor, they all have a number of interesting industrial applications also. 

An efficient suspen.sion also requires a. suspending agent, normally a protective hydrophilic colloid, used in low concentration to avoid significant viscosity increases in the suspension, as compared to that on water. Very viscous vehicles provoke painful injections the same can be said about suspensions formed by too large particles. The most frequently used colloidal protectors are sodium car-boxymethylcellulose, potyvinylpyrrolidine. polyvinyl alcohol, or gelatin. These are all first choice when a new formulation is designed however, for very insoluble panicles like hydrocortisone butyl acetate or prednisolone butyl acetate, sorbitol has proven useful. 

In particular we wish to know the evaporation rates of thin films of solvent at normal drying temperatures. These figures are available for many solvents at room temperature (20-25 C). One system quotes relative evaporation rates, with butyl acetate, as reference solvent, rated arbitrarily as 100. /sc -propanol at 200 evaporates twice as quickly. Another system quotes relative evaporation times. Diethyl ether is reference solvent, with the rating of 10. -butanol at 33 takes 33 times as long to evaporate. 

Ketones, glycoletheresters and aromatic hydrocarbons are suitable. Normal esters (ethyl acetate, butyl acetate etc.) are less suitable (danger of hydrolysis to alcohol and acid). 

Distillation with reaction, where the normal process is coupled with a liquid phase reaction, is also interesting and esterifications of certain alcohols with acids are typical industrial applications. These include, among others the homogeneously catalyzed butyl acetate process and the production of the plasticizer di-octyl-phthalate from phthalic anhydride and 2-ethyl-hexanol. However, the subject which involves both product formation and separation aspects has not usually been treated in the literature relating specifically to "mass transfer with reaction". 

While normally amorphous, and generally featureless on a micron scale, crystallization of polycarbonate was solvent-induced with butyl acetate, generating a disc-like spherulitic structure of ca 10 fina in diameter surroimded by an amorphous matrix. Within the spherulite, the twisted fibrils emanating from the point of nucleation were observed in these afm images, and is consistent with known lamellar growth mechanisms (103). 

Chemical Designations — Synonyms Acetic Acid, Butyl Ester Butyl Acetate Butyl Ethanoate Chemical Formula CHjCOO(CH2)3CH3 Observable Characteristics — Physical State (as normally shipped) Liquid Color Colorless Odor Characteristic agreeable fruity (in low concentrations) non residual. Physical and Chemical Properties — Physical State at 15 "C and 1 atm. Liquid Molecular Weight 116.16 Boiling Point at 1 atm. 259, 126, 399 Freezing Point ... 

The results relative to diethyl ether = 1 are termed evaporation number (EN), which is more commonly used in Europe. On the basis of these numbers, solvents are classified into four categories high volatility (EN < 10), medium volatility (EN 10 to 35), low volatility (EN 35 to 50) and very low volatility (EN > 50). In the United States, the volatility of a solvent is normally evaluated relative to butyl acetate = 1, and is classified as Class 1 (rapid evaporation, E > 3.0), Class 2 (moderate evaporation, 0.8 < E < 3.0) and Class 3 (slow evaporation, E < 0.8). 

EVAPORATION RATE The rate at which a material vaporizes (evaporates) from the liquid or solid state. Butyl acetate is the normal standard (rate = 1.0). Fast evaporating rates are higher than 3.0, while slow rates are below 1.0. 

Nail salon workers are exposed to low levels of a number of organic solvents including toluene (2.73), formaldehyde (0.35), ethyl acetate (0.73), n-butyl acetate (1.78), methacrylic acid (0.93), methyl methacrylate (1.38), and ethyl methacrylate (1.94). These exposures result in loss of cognitive efficiency, learning, memory, and neuro-sensory changes including olfaction, which among nail salon workers is below normal levels [23, 24]. 

The TBIN 38 was made (Scheme 18) frornhydroxynitrile 25 (13,14) which was described earlier. Chain elongation was accon lished through the anion of t-butyl acetate addition to 25. Selective reduction using triethyl borane and borohydride introduces the second chiral center. Unfortunately, or fortunately, this required low tenq>erature equipment which was not in the stable of normal manufacturing equipment. At least one year was expended trying to run the reaction at warmer tenq>erature. The reaction would go, but the yield was very poor. The formation of lithium t-butyl acetate 39 is run at low tenq)erature, and 25 is added to form the hydroxy ketone 40. But most inq>ortant was the correct... 

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