Hydrogen - Potassium Carbonate

Other accelerators for PF-resins are potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate [91.92] or sodium and potassium hydrogen carbonate. Also wood-inherent chemicals might have an accelerating influence on the hardening reactivity of PF-resins [91]. 

The use of potassium hydrogen carbonate for the cyclization of thiocyan-atohydrin mesylates containing alkali-sensitive groups has been reported, but the selectivity for thiirane formation is reduced. ... 

Elsewhere, in a series of Japanese patents, mixtures of resorcinol + sodium nitrate, glycerine + sodium nitrate, lithium hydroxide + tungstate, etc., have been claimed to be effective. An example of the use of inhibited cooling mixtures of low toxicity is provided by a patent which describes a mixture of silicate-I- polyphosphate -I- a saccharide, e.g. sucrose or fructose, as the inhibitor formulation in a propylene glycol -I- potassium-hydrogen-carbonate mixture used in aluminium cooler boxes for ice-cream. 

C03-0109. The following pairs of substances are quite different despite having similar names. Write correct formulas for each, (a) sodium nitrite and sodium nitrate (b) potassium carbonate and potassium hydrogen carbonate (c) iron(II) oxide and iron(IIt) oxide and (d) iodine and iodide ion. 

C16-0033. What are the major species present in each of the following solutions (a) 1.00 M perchloric acid (b) 0.25 M ammonia (c) 0.50 M potassium hydrogen carbonate and (d) 0.010 M hypochlorous acid, HCIO... 

The order of addition is important. This procedure affords a solution of high cobalt concentration (approximately 0.2 M) which promotes decomposition of the excess hydrogen peroxide at a desirable rate. Substitution of sodium for potassium hydrogen carbonate makes it impossible to obtain such a high concentration of cobalt in solution. 

Dihydrothieno[2,3-/]-l,4-thiazepin-5(2//)-thione (514) was reacted with diethyl 2-bromomalonate in methylene chloride under argon for 2.5 hr. The reaction mixture was then treated with a 10% aqueous solution of potassium hydrogen carbonate for 30 min to give (thienothiazepinylide-ne)malonate (515) (86EUP183994). 

The phase-transfer catalysed reaction of alkyl halides with potassium carbonate in dimethylacetamide, or a potassium carbonate/potassium hydrogen carbonate mixture in toluene, provides an excellent route to dialkyl carbonates without recourse to the use of phosgene [55, 56], An analogous reaction of acid chlorides with sodium hydrogen carbonate in benzene, or acetonitrile, produces anhydrides (3.3.29.B, >80%), although there is a tendency in acetonitrile for aliphatic acid chlorides to hydrolyse yielding the acids [57]. 

The reaction between formaldehyde and compounds containing acidic protons is probably the most important route to polyols. Some of these polyols have been 0-nitrated and used as practical explosives. The condensation of nitromethane and nitroethane with excess formaldehyde in the presence of potassium hydrogen carbonate yields tris(hydroxymethyl)nitromethane (58) and l,l-bis(hydroxymethyl)nitroethane (60) respectively. The nitration of (58) and (60) with either absolute nitric acid or mixed acid gives the secondary high explosives, (59) and (61) respectively. 

A mixture of a solution of 0.300 g of an alkyl methanesulfonate or p-toluenesulfonate in 3-6 ml of 1,2-dimethoxyethane, 0.300 g of sodium iodide, 0.300 g of zinc dust, and 0.3 ml of water is stirred and refluxed for 4-5 hours. After dilution with ether the mixture is filtered the solution is washed with water, with 5% aqueous hydrochloric acid, with 5% aqueous solution of potassium hydrogen carbonate, with 5% aqueous solution of sodium thiosulfate and with water. After drying with anhydrous sodium sulfate the solution is evaporated and the residue worked up, giving 26-84% yield of alkane. 

Synonyms potassium hydrogen carbonate potassium acid carbonate... 

Nitric acid, Sulfuric acid, Phloroglucinol, Hydrochloric acid Sodium chlorate. Copper sulfate. Ammonium hydroxide. Alcohol Sodium chlorate. Copper sulfate. Ammonium hydroxide. Alcohol Sulfuric acid. Potassium nitrate, 1,3,5-Trifluorobenzene, Methylene chloride. Hexane, Charcoal, Sodium sulfate, 2-Amino-2-methylpropanone, Potassium hydrogen carbonate, 1,2-Dichloroethane, Trifluoroacetic acid. Urea, Dimethylformamide Nitric acid. Urine... 

TriIluoro-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene, Potassium hydrogen carbonate, Trilluoroacetic acid, CyanotrimethylsUane, Nitromethane, Acetonitrile, Sulfuric acid... 

Trifluorobenzene, Methylene chloride. Hexane, Charcoal, Sodium sulfate, 2-Amino-2-methylpropanone. Potassium hydrogen carbonate, 1,2-Dichloroethane, Trifluoroacetic acid. Urea, Dimethylformamide ... 

Potassium hydrogen carbonate and vaseline were also tested as flash reducing agents and stabilizers. 

The preparation of the first unsaturated azlactone was reported in 1883 by Plochl/40 who condensed benzaldehyde with hippuric acid in presence of acetic anhydride. This approach was later used by Erlenmeyer/41 who extended the procedure to include other aldehydes and also established the usefulness of azlactones as intermediates in the synthesis of DHAs. The method involves the condensation of an A-acylglydne 4 with aldehydes and ketones in the presence of acetic anhydride and anhydrous sodium acetate (Scheme 2)J41 t5l Other catalysts such as copper(II) acetate/46 lead acetate/47,48 potassium carbonate/49 or potassium hydrogen carbonate 50 have also been used. The reaction proceeds via formation of an azlactone 5, which then condenses with the appropriate aldehyde or ketone to give unsaturated azlactone 6. Reaction of 6 with a nucleophile such as OH, OR, or NHR leads to the corresponding A-acyl-DHA derivatives 7. Reaction with the sodium salt of an amino acid gives a DHA containing dipeptide acid. 51 ... 

Neutralization of a potassium hydroxide adduct of amylose with gaseous carbon dioxide leads to a potassium hydrogen carbonate adduct. This type of reaction, which is rapid in a moist atmosphere, could possibly be used in the preparation of bicarbonate adducts of other carbohydrates. 

Because a substantial excess of the halide is used in the Koenigs-Knorr synthesis of cardenolides, it is usually difficult, if not impossible, to secure the acylated intermediate in crystalline form. Hence, Reichstein nd coworkers18 introduced a procedure whereby the whole of the products arising from the coupling reaction are saponified, employing a solution of potassium hydrogen carbonate in aqueous methanol. This modified transesterification procedure renders all extraneous carbohydrate materials water-soluble the methanol is removed by evaporation, leaving an aqueous solution from which the (deacylated) cardenolide may be obtained by... 

The preparation of (71) is given in the following experiment, which serves to typify the synthesis of a 2-deoxycardenolide, starting with a 2-deoxy sugar. The experiment also embodies a Meystre-Miescher type of azeotropic distillation technique for removing the water, and saponificar tion catalyzed by potassium hydrogen carbonate for isolation of the unsubstituted cardenolide. 

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