Nickel oxide thin film applications

Miki T., Yoshimura K., Tai Y., Tazawa M., Jin P., Tanemura S. Electrochromic properties of nickel oxide thin films prepared by the sol-gel method, Proc. SPIE, 1995 2531 135-142 Monk P.M.S., Mortimer R.J., Rosseinsky D.R. Electrochromism-Fundamentals and Applications VCH, Weinheim, 1995... 

The electrochemical behavior of thin-film oxide-hydroxide electrodes containing chromium, nickel and cobalt compounds was investigated. Experimental results have shown that such compounds can be successfully used as active cathodic materials in a number of emerging primary and secondary battery applications. 

Thin films of widely variable composition (mainly rare earth oxides, nickel, iron and other metal oxides, but also other simple and complex compounds) have been used for a variety of purposes (namely in semiconductor technology, optical and electronic applications... 

An important application of such films is in doping silicon to generate a p-type semiconductor (Figure 27.9). The semiconductor-grade silicon is first oxidized to provide a layer of Si02 which is then etched deposition of a thin film of a-BN provides contact between Si and a-BN within the etched zones. By heating under N2, B atoms from the film diffuse into the silicon to give the desired p-type semiconductor which is finally plated with a thin film of nickel (see metal deposition below). 

Studies on the behavior of the lead dioxide electrode [21], the oxidation of silver sulfate to silver oxide [22], the kinetics of electrocrystallization of thin films of calomel [23] and the electrodeposition of nickel [24], as well as the concepts and applications of micrometer-sized electrodes [25], stand as pioneering research concerning nudeation and growth problems. Wisely designed experimental procedures combined with mathematical models recognizing the chemical nature of the problem led to many new insights. 

In electronic applications, the corrosion of the surface leads to reduced performance and device lifetime. " In biomedical applications, corrosion leads to Ni ion release into the body and nickel toxicity. Therefore, forming an organic thin film on nickel oxide may serve as an effective barrier to conosioa This is in large part due to the flexibihty that SAMs offer they form stracturally well-defined films on the solid surface and they can be deposited by a nnmber of easy techniques such as immersing the substrate in solution, aerosol spraying and vapour deposition. Currently, immersion coating is the most popular and widely studied method for monolayer formation. " ... 

Polyolefins In addition to stabilization of polyolefins against thermal oxidation to reduce the sensitivity to light, stabilization against exposure to light is required for articles to be used outdoors as well as those intended for indoor use [93]. Light stabilizers include UV absorbers of the benzotriazole and the benzophenone types (except for thin sections), HALS, and nickel-containing stabilizers. The latter are used for thin sections such as tapes and films and for surface protection. The type of stabilizer is dictated by the type of polyolefin, its thickness, application, and desired lifetime of the article [20]. 

Metallized metal, polymer and carbon. Types la, lb, and Ic, are variants of the solid metal fibers and are distinguished therefrom by a metal layer upon the base fiber s periphery. They are fabricated by electrochemical deposition or grafting of a suitable metal, such as nickel, copper, aluminum, and their alloys, as a thin layer upon the fiber s surface. In general, these variants evolved in attempts to improve upon one, or more, properties of the Type 1 fibers. Applications of metal-on-metal. Type la, are typified by the structures described in 1972 by McNab(26) who used refractory, non conducting, base fibers for example, aluminum oxide and boron nitride, upon which were deposited films of noble metals. McNab s objective was to improve upon the strength and flexibility of Type 1 fibers by selecting a base fiber for its mechanical... 

---