Neuse River, North Carolina

Clam, Rangia cuneata, Neuse River, North Carolina, 1965-67, soft parts before Chinese nuclear tests in May and December 1966 vs. posttest ... 

Distribution K. veneficum has been reported from the North Sea British Isles Oslo Fjord, Norway Whangakoko, South Island, New Zealand Swan River, Perth, Western Australia St. Johns River, Florida, USA Neuse River, North Carolina Maryland Princess Anne Co., Manokin River, Hyrock fish farm, Chesapeake Bay South Atlantic Ocean Walvis Bay, South Africa, and the eastern coast of Kamchatka, Avachinskay Gube Inlet, Russia. Owing to the similarity between the different species of Karlodinium, the reports need to be confirmed using molecular data. 

Microorganisms readily able to degrade hydrocarbons were found in the Neuse River estuary in North Carolina. Although the estuary was relatively free of hydrocarbon contamination, 63% of the bacteria and 71% of the fungi isolated from surface water samples were able to utilize kerosene as the sole carbon source (Buckley et al. 1976). Weathered kerosene (volatile components were allowed to escape prior to testing) was spiked with four marker hydrocarbons, and the degradation of the markers was monitored. 

Boyer, J. N., R. R. Christian, and D. W. Stanley. 1993. Patterns of phytoplankton primary productivity in the Neuse River estuary, North Carolina, USA. Marine Ecology Progress Series 97 287-297. 

Balthis, W.L., Hyland, J.L., Scott, G.I., Fulton, M.H., Bearden, D.W. and Greene, M.D. (2002) Sediment quality of the Neuse River estuary, North Carolina an integrated assessment of sediment contamination, toxicity, and condition of benthic fauna, Journal of Aquatic Ecosystem Stress and Recovery 9, 213-225. 

Pinckney, J.L., Paerl, H.W., Harrington, M.B., and Howe, K.E. (1998) Annual cycles of phytoplankton community-structure and bloom dynamics in the Neuse River estuary, North Carolina. Mar. Biol. 131, 371-381. 

Reckhow, K.H., and Gray, J. (2000) Neuse River Estuary modeling and monitoring project stage 1 stage 1 executive summary and long-term modeling recommendations. Report no. 325-A of the Water Resources Research Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, N.C. 

WhitaU, D. R., and Paerl, H. W. (2001). Atmospheric poUutants and trace gases spatiotemporal variability of wet atmospheric nitrogen deposition to the Neuse River Estuary, North Carolina. J. Environ. Qual. 30, 1508—1515. 

Neuse River Estuary North Carolina croatan... 

Figure 11.3 Low oxygen, hypoxic (less than 2 mg O2) conditions in the bottom waters of the N-enriched, entrophic Nense River Estuary, located in coastal North Carolina (upper left hand side). Upper right hand side shows the lateral extent of hypoxia along the central channel of the estuary during summer (data from the Neuse River Monitoring and Modeling Program, www.marine.unc.edu/neuse/modmon, see Buzzelli et al., 2002). The lower part of this figure shows hoth the spatial and temporal extent of hypoxia in this estuary (adapted from Buzzelli etal.,2002).

Harrington, M. B. (1999). Responses of Natural Phytoplankton Communities from the Neuse River Estuary, NC to Changes in Nitrogen Supply and Incident Irradiance. MSc. Thesis. Univ. of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC. 89pp. 

Paerl, H. W., Valdes, L. M., Piehler, M. P., and Lebo, M. E. (2004). Solving problems resulting from solutions The evolution of a nutrient management strategy for the eutrophying Neuse River Estuary, North Carolina, USA. Environ. Sci. Tech. 38, 3068—3073. 

Piehler, M. F., Dyble, J., Moisander, P. H., Pinckney,. L., and Paerl, H. W. (2002). Effects of modified nutrient concentrations and ratios on the structure and function of the native phytoplankton community in the Neuse River Estuary, North Carolina, USA. Aquat. Ecol. 36, 371—385. Piehler, M. F., Twomey, L.., Hall, N. S., and Paerl, H. W. (2004). Impacts of inorganic nutrient enrichment on the phytoplankton commimity structure and function in Pamlico Sound, NC, USA. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. 61(2), 197—209. 

WhitaH, D., Hendrickson, B., and Paerl, H. (2003). Importance of atmospherically deposited nitrogen to the annual nitrogen budget of the Neuse River estuary. North Carolina. Environ. Int. 29, 393-399. 

Even nature produced such a weapon in the bombardier beetle, which combines two chemicals that actually combust, creating a poison gas when the beetle is attacked. One recent possible example of a naturally occurring binary compound could be the dinoflagellate, Pfiesteria piscicida, of the Neuse River in North Carolina. This microorganism has been around for a long time but apparently only reaches its most toxic state in water that has hog or chicken manure contamination, though the precise chemical formula has not yet been discovered. Most probably, the pollution from manure or possibly from other farm chemicals adds an organophosphate structure to the less toxic compound. 

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